补虚劳。
甘平。补虚劳。（宁源食鉴本草云∶蒸下油、以瓶埋地中、取涂汤火伤、甚效、初夏时
有、
余月则无、故名、袁达禽虫述云∶鲥鱼 纲而不动、护其鳞也、不宜烹煮、唯以笋苋芹荻
之属、连鳞蒸食乃佳、其鳞与他鱼不同、锻石水浸过、晒干、层层起之、以作女人花钿、
甚良。）
补益气方。
甘平。益气力。令人肥健。（子有毒、食之令人利下。）
补土和胃。
甘温。诸鱼属火。独鲫属土。土能制水。故有和胃、实肠、行水之功。（作 食、治脚
气及
上气。）忌麦冬、芥菜、沙糖、猪肝。子、调中。益肝气。（凡青鱼鲫鱼子、皆去目中障翳。
）
一名 鱼。调胃利肠。
甘温。调胃气。利五脏。和芥食之。能助肺气。去胃风消谷。作 食之。助脾气。令人
能食
。作羹 食。宜人。疳痢人勿食。
通、利水、祛风。
甘寒。祛风下水。疗五痔。治湿痹。利大小肠。治妊娠有水气。胆、凡胆皆苦。独鳢鱼
带甘
。喉痹将死者。点入即瘥。病深者。水调灌之。俗名乌鱼。即七星鱼。（首有七星、夜朝北
斗、道家谓之水厌、雁为天厌、犬为地厌、真西山卫生歌云∶雁行有序犬有义、黑鱼拱北知
臣礼、人无礼义反食之、天地鬼神皆不喜、心镜云∶鳢鱼一斤以上、和冬瓜葱白作羹、治十
种水气。）
补益虚损劳伤。
味甘性平。补益虚损劳伤。（宁源《食鉴本草》记载：将鲥鱼蒸出的油脂收集，装入瓶中埋入地下，取出涂抹于汤火烫伤处，效果极佳。这种鱼初夏时有，其他月份则没有，因此得名。袁达《禽虫述》记载：鲥鱼纲目不动，是为了保护它的鳞片，不宜烹煮，只有用笋、苋菜、芹菜、荻草等食材，连鳞一起蒸食才最好。它的鳞片与其他鱼不同，用锻石水浸泡后晒干，层层翘起，用来制作女子的花钿，效果很好。）
补益气力方。
味甘性平。补益气力。使人肥壮强健。（其子有毒，食用会导致腹泻滑脱。）
补益脾胃（土）和胃。
味甘性温。各种鱼类属火，唯独鲫鱼属土。土能制约水，所以有和胃、实肠、行水的功效。（做成粥食用，可治疗脚气病及上气逆冲之症。）忌与麦冬、芥菜、砂糖、猪肝同食。鱼子，能调和中焦。补益肝气。（凡是青鱼、鲫鱼的鱼子，都能去除眼目的障翳。）
又名䱡鱼。调理胃气，利通肠道。
味甘性温。调理胃气。利通五脏。与芥菜同食，能辅助肺气。去除胃中风邪，促进消化。做成粥食用，能辅助脾气。使人食欲增加。做成羹汤食用，适宜人群。患有疳积痢疾的人不要食用。
通利水道，利水，祛风。
味甘性寒。祛风下水。治疗五种痔疮。治疗湿痹。利通大小肠。治疗妊娠期间有水气停聚。胆，凡鱼胆皆苦，唯独鳢鱼胆带甜味。喉痹即将致死的情况，将胆汁点入即可痊愈。病情深重的，用水调服灌下。俗名乌鱼，即七星鱼。（头部有七星，夜晚朝向北斗星，道家称之为“水厌”，雁为“天厌”，犬为“地厌”。真西山《卫生歌》记载：雁行有序犬有义，黑鱼拱北知臣礼，人无礼义反食之，天地鬼神皆不喜。《心镜》记载：鳢鱼一斤以上，和冬瓜、葱白一起做成羹汤，治疗十种水气病。）
Tonifies deficiency and exhaustion.
Sweet, neutral. Tonifies deficiency and exhaustion. (Ning Yuan's *Shi Jian Ben Cao* records: Steam the Herring to extract the oil, bury the bottle in the ground, take it out, and apply it to burns from boiling water or fire; it is very effective. It appears only in early summer and is absent in other months, hence its name. Yuan Da's *Qin Chong Shu* records: The Herring does not move its gill covers to protect its scales; it should not be cooked normally. It is best steamed with bamboo shoots, amaranth, celery, and reeds, including the scales. Its scales are different from other fish; after soaking in lime water and drying, they lift up in layers and can be used to make flower ornaments for women, which is very good.)
Formula for tonifying qi strength.
Sweet, neutral. Tonifies qi strength. Makes one fat and strong. (Its roe is toxic; consuming it causes diarrhea and slipping of the bowels.)
Tonifies the spleen (Earth) and harmonizes the stomach.
Sweet, warm. Most fish belong to Fire, but Crucian carp belongs to Earth. Earth controls Water, so it has the functions of harmonizing the stomach, solidifying the intestines, and promoting water metabolism. (Eaten as porridge, it treats gout and rebellious qi ascending. Avoid eating with Ophiopogon tuber, mustard greens, rock sugar, and pig liver. Roe regulates the middle jiao and benefits liver qi. (The roe of Black carp and Crucian carp both remove visual obstructions from the eyes.))
Also known as Qiang fish. Regulates stomach qi and promotes intestinal unblocking.
Sweet, warm. Regulates stomach qi. Benefits the five zang organs. Eaten with mustard greens, it assists lung qi. Removes wind from the stomach and aids digestion. Eaten as porridge, it assists spleen qi and increases appetite. Eaten as soup, it is suitable for most people. Those with infantile malnutrition and dysentery should not eat it.
Also known as Zhi fish.
Sweet, neutral. Eaten as soup. Expands the middle and strengthens the stomach.
Sweet, salty, neutral. Treats chronic dysentery and anorexic dysentery. The above belong to scaled fish.
Unblocks, promotes urination, dispels wind.
Sweet, cold. Dispels wind and reduces water retention. Treats the five types of hemorrhoids. Treats damp-bi syndrome. Promotes urination through the large and small intestines. Treats edema during pregnancy. Gallbladder: All fish gallbladders are bitter, except for the Snakehead fish gallbladder, which is slightly sweet. For severe pharyngitis approaching death, applying the bile drops leads to recovery. For deeper diseases, dilute with water and administer orally. Commonly known as Wuyu, or Seven-Star Fish. (It has seven spots on its head and faces the Big Dipper at night. Daoists call it "Water Suppressor"; geese are "Heaven Suppressor," and dogs are "Earth Suppressor." Zhen Xishan's *Wei Sheng Ge* states: Geese fly in order, dogs show loyalty, the black fish bows north knowing its duty as a subject; if humans lack propriety and righteousness and eat it, heaven, earth, ghosts, and gods will all disapprove. *Xin Jing* records: Snakehead fish over one jin, made into soup with winter melon and scallion white, treats ten types of water qi diseases.)