\r姜黄\pq53.bmp\r
入肝脾破气行瘀。味苦辛蠲痹散肿。片子横行肢臂。气温解逐风寒。（姜黄形似郁金
。但色黄为异。苦辛温之性。入脾达肝。其苦能破气行血。消痈肿。治症瘕。其辛能横行肢
臂。故又能逐风痹寒湿等疾。形扁者为片子姜黄。非别有一种也。姜黄色黄气香。血病药也。
能宣通血中之气。使气行而血无壅滞。而后知其治风痹等证。皆出于行血理气之功耳。如风
痹等证由于虚者忌之。）
\r砂仁\pq54a1.bmp\r
启脾胃以宽中。辛温有效。逐寒凝而快气。香燥多功。治呕吐腹疼。结滞冷痰可解化
。能导归肾部。附根缩密有收藏。（砂仁形似龙眼而小。色黄专入脾胃。以其附根而生。故
又入肾。辛温香窜。和中散逆。醒胃强脾。止呕吐。辟口气。凡中焦一切寒凝气滞之证。皆
可用之。虽无草蔻白蔻之猛烈。而辛香燥散之性。阴不足者仍不宜用。砂仁密藏于根。能引
诸气归束于下。故有缩砂密之名。今人用以制熟地。不特使之不腻。且有归束密藏之意。合
于肾耳。）
\r郁金\pq54a.bmp\r
解郁宽胸。心肺可通肝可及。辛开苦降。血瘀能逐气能宣。因其质属芳香。豁痰涎于
心窍。却谓性偏寒燥。疗癫痫于肝家。广产者色黄。善行气而有功肺部。川产者色紫。能破
血而兼达营中。（郁金辛苦而寒。善宣善达。入上焦心肺二经。功专破血行气。气行血开。
则郁自解。痰自降。其所以祛心窍痰涎恶血者。皆无非辛散苦降之功。川产者色紫质坚。稍
有区别耳。郁金之功。皆取其苦辛香燥。逐瘀行气力量。若病因虚而致者。不可用也。）
姜黄
进入肝、脾二经，具有破气行瘀的功效。味道苦、辛，能祛除痹症、消散肿痛。片状姜黄善于横行于四肢臂部。其性温，能驱散风寒。（姜黄的形状类似郁金，但颜色发黄是它的不同之处。它味苦、辛、性温，进入脾经并通达肝经。它的苦味能够破气行血，消除痈肿，治疗症瘕积聚。它的辛味能够横行于四肢臂部，所以又能驱逐风痹、寒湿等疾病。形状扁平的称为片子姜黄，并不是另一种药材。姜黄色黄且气味香，是治疗血病的药物。它能宣通血中的气机，使气运行而血液没有壅滞，从而明白它治疗风痹等证候，都是出于行血理气的功效罢了。如果是由于虚损导致的风痹等证候，则忌用。）
砂仁
开启脾胃以宽畅中焦。辛温之性有效。驱逐寒凝之气而使气机顺畅，香气燥烈有多种功效。治疗呕吐和腹痛，结滞的冷痰可以化解。能引导气机归于肾部，因其果实紧密包裹在根上而得名“缩砂密”。（砂仁的形状像龙眼但较小，色黄专门进入脾胃。因为它依附根部生长，所以又进入肾经。味辛、温、香窜，能调和胃气、散降逆气，醒胃强脾，止住呕吐，辟除秽浊之气。凡是中焦一切寒凝气滞的证候，都可以使用它。虽然不如草豆蔻、白豆蔻猛烈，但其辛香燥散的药性，阴液不足的人仍然不宜使用。砂仁紧密地藏在根中，能引导诸气归束于下焦，所以有“缩砂密”的名字。现在人们用它来炮制熟地黄，不仅使它不腻膈，而且有归束密藏的意思，契合肾经的特性。）
郁金
解除郁结、宽畅胸膈，心肺可通达，肝经也可顾及。辛能开散，苦能降泄，能驱逐血瘀，宣通气机。因为它的质地属于芳香一类，能豁除心窍中的痰涎。又说它的性质偏于寒燥，能治疗肝家的癫痫。广东出产的颜色黄，善于行气而在肺部有功；四川出产的颜色紫，能破血并兼达营分。（郁金味辛苦、性寒，善于宣通和下达，进入上焦心肺二经。功效专门在于破血行气，气行则血开，郁结自然解除，痰涎自然下降。它之所以能祛除心窍中的痰涎恶血，无非是依靠辛散苦降的功效。四川出产的颜色紫、质地坚硬，稍有区别罢了。郁金的功效，都是取其苦、辛、香、燥的性质，发挥逐瘀行气的力量。如果病因是由于虚损导致的，则不可使用。）
Jianghuang (Curcuma Longae Rhizoma)
Enters the Liver and Spleen meridians, breaking Qi stagnation and promoting blood circulation. Its taste is bitter and acrid, dispelling Bi syndrome and dissipating swelling. The sliced form acts laterally in the limbs and arms. Its temperature is warm, resolving and expelling Wind-Cold. (Jianghuang resembles Yujin in shape, but differs in its yellow color. With a bitter, acrid, and warm nature, it enters the Spleen and reaches the Liver. Its bitterness breaks Qi and moves Blood, eliminating abscesses and treating abdominal masses. Its acridity acts laterally in the limbs and arms, thus expelling disorders such as Wind-Bi and Cold-Dampness. The flat-shaped variety is called Pianzi Jianghuang, not a distinct species. Jianghuang is yellow and fragrant, a herb for blood disorders. It unblocks Qi within the Blood, ensuring Qi flows without stasis, thereby explaining that its treatment of Wind-Bi etc. stems from its ability to move Blood and regulate Qi. It is contraindicated for Wind-Bi caused by deficiency.)
Sharen (Amomi Fructus)
Opens the Spleen and Stomach to broaden the Middle Jiao. Its acrid and warm nature is effective. It expels Cold coagulation and smooths Qi; its fragrance and dryness offer multiple benefits. It treats vomiting and abdominal pain, dissolving stagnant cold phlegm. It guides Qi to the Kidney region, resembling "Suosha Mi" (Condensed Sand Cardamom) due to its tight attachment to the root. (Sharen resembles Longan but is smaller, with a yellow color specifically entering the Spleen and Stomach. Because it grows attached to the root, it also enters the Kidney. Acrid, warm, and aromatic/piercing, it harmonizes the Stomach, disperses rebellious Qi, awakens the Stomach, strengthens the Spleen, stops vomiting, and eliminates foul odors. It is applicable to all Cold-coagulation and Qi-stagnation patterns of the Middle Jiao. Although less potent than Caodoukou or Baidoukou, its acrid, aromatic, and drying properties make it unsuitable for those with Yin deficiency. Sharen is tightly hidden within the root, guiding various Qi to gather downward, hence the name "Suosha Mi." Currently used to process Shudihuang (Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata), it not only prevents cloying but also embodies the meaning of gathering and storing, aligning with the Kidney.)
Yujin (Curcumae Radix)
Resolves depression and broadens the chest, communicating with the Heart and Lungs, and reaching the Liver. Acrid opens, Bitter descends; it expels Blood stasis and promotes Qi movement. Due to its aromatic quality, it clears phlegm from the Heart orifices. Its nature is considered cold and drying, treating epilepsy originating in the Liver. Varieties from Guangzhou are yellow, excelling in moving Qi with efficacy in the Lung; varieties from Sichuan are purple, capable of breaking Blood and reaching the Ying (Nutritive) level. (Yujin is acrid, bitter, and cold, excellent at disseminating and descending. It enters the Upper Jiao Heart and Lung meridians. Its function specializes in breaking Blood and moving Qi; when Qi moves, Blood opens, depression resolves, and phlegm descends. Its removal of phlegm and evil Blood from the Heart orifices relies on acrid dispersion and bitter descent. Sichuan varieties are purple and hard, showing slight differences. Yujin's efficacy derives from its bitter, acrid, aromatic, and drying properties to expel stasis and move Qi. It is contraindicated if the etiology is due to deficiency.)