\r川楝子\pq75a.bmp\r
清肝火。利小肠。湿热疝瘕。专疗热厥痛。味苦寒。性有毒。温邪虫积。并治小儿
疳。根皮达下杀诸虫。性味相同无别用。（川楝子此树处处有之。以川中者为佳。有雌雄两
种。雄者无子。根皮色赤。不可用。雌者有子。根皮色白。可用之。一云其子鸟不食者。不
可用。苦寒之性。入心肝小肠膀胱。能导热下行。治热厥心痛。凡一切疝气虫疳等证。由于
湿热所致者。皆可用之。根皮专杀虫积。洗服皆效。如煎服当去粗皮。以近泥有毒也。）
\r樗白皮\pq75.bmp\r
味苦兼涩。性燥且寒。固下有功。治痢疗崩愈带浊。入肠奏效。凉瘀逐湿愈风虚。
（樗白皮即臭椿树根皮也。此树有二种。香者名椿。臭者名樗。苦寒性涩。入大肠能断下。
凡肠 痢疾因于湿热留结久而不愈者。皆可用之。时珍以椿皮色赤而香。入血分。其性涩。
樗皮色白而臭。入气分。其性利。故主治之功虽同。而涩利之性则异。诸家本草皆未言及。
录之以备参考。）
\r郁李仁\pq76a1.bmp\r
顺气搜风。燥结立开津易耗。通肠导水。肿浮顿退胀全消。辛苦甘酸。平和润降。
（郁李仁辛苦微甘微酸。性平。专主润降。通大肠。润燥结。导一切水闭风闭气闭等证。但
降利之性太过。恐结去而津耗耳。）
清泻肝火。通利小肠。主治湿热引起的疝气及腹内结块（疝瘕）。专门治疗因热邪导致的厥逆疼痛。味道苦，性质寒。具有毒性。温病邪气及虫积病症，一并用于治疗小儿疳积。其根皮下行可杀灭各种寄生虫。药性和气味与果实相同，没有其他特殊用途。（川楝子这种树到处都有，以四川产的为佳。有雌雄两种，雄树不结果实，其根皮颜色发红，不可使用；雌树结果实，其根皮颜色发白，可以使用。另一种说法认为，如果鸟不吃它的果实，则不可使用。川楝子味苦性寒，归心、肝、小肠、膀胱经，能引导热邪下行，治疗热厥引起的心痛。凡是所有由湿热引起的疝气、虫积、疳积等证候，都可以使用它。根皮专门用于杀虫和消除积滞，无论是煎洗还是内服都有效。如要煎服，应当去掉粗皮，因为靠近泥土的部分有毒。）
味道苦且兼有涩味，性质燥烈且寒凉。在固摄下焦方面有功效，治疗痢疾、崩漏及白带浑浊。进入大肠奏效，能凉血化瘀、祛除湿气，治愈风虚之证。（樗白皮即臭椿树的根皮。这种树有两种，香味浓的叫椿，臭味浓的叫樗。樗皮味苦性寒且涩，入大肠能止泻痢。凡是因湿热留滞结聚而久治不愈的肠痢，都可以使用它。李时珍认为椿皮颜色红而有香气，入血分，其性质涩；樗皮颜色白而有臭味，入气分，其性质利。所以虽然主治功能相同，但涩与利的性质却不同。各家本草著作都没有提到这一点，记录下来以备参考。）
顺行气机，搜剔风邪。对于燥结便秘立见开通，但需注意津液容易耗伤。通畅肠道，导引水湿，浮肿顿时消退，胀满完全消除。味道辛苦甘酸，性质平和，具有润降作用。（郁李仁味道辛苦微甘微酸，性质平和。专门主司润降，通畅大肠，滋润燥结。引导治疗一切水闭、风闭、气闭等证候。但是其降利的作用太过，恐怕在结滞去除后会导致津液耗伤。）
Chuanlianzi (Fructus Toosendan)
Clearing liver fire. Promoting urination in the Small Intestine. Specifically treating hernia and abdominal masses caused by damp-heat. Specialized in treating pain due to heat jue (cold limbs with internal heat). Bitter in taste, cold in nature. Toxic. Also treats warm pathogen accumulation and intestinal parasites, as well as pediatric gan syndrome (malnutrition due to parasitic infection or poor digestion). The root bark descends to kill various parasites. Its nature and flavor are identical to the fruit, with no other specific uses. (The Chuanlianzi tree is found everywhere, but those from Sichuan are considered superior. There are male and female varieties. The male tree bears no fruit, and its root bark is reddish, which should not be used. The female tree bears fruit, and its root bark is whitish, which is usable. Another view states that if birds do not eat its fruit, it should not be used. Due to its bitter and cold nature, it enters the Heart, Liver, Small Intestine, and Bladder meridians. It can guide heat downward, treating heart pain caused by heat jue. For all conditions such as qi hernia, parasitic gan syndrome, etc., caused by damp-heat, it can be used. The root bark is specifically for killing parasites and resolving accumulations; both decoction for washing and internal administration are effective. When decocting, remove the coarse bark, as the part near the soil is toxic.)
Chubaipi (Cortex Ailanthi)
Bitter and astringent in taste, dry and cold in nature. Effective in consolidating the lower jiao, treating dysentery, metrorrhagia, and turbid leukorrhea. Enters the Large Intestine to achieve efficacy, cooling blood stasis, expelling dampness, and curing wind-deficiency syndromes. (Chubaipi is the root bark of the Tree of Heaven [Ailanthus altissima]. This tree has two types: the fragrant one is called Chun [Toona sinensis], and the foul-smelling one is called Chu [Ailanthus altissima]. Chu bark is bitter, cold, and astringent. Entering the Large Intestine, it stops diarrhea. For chronic intestinal dysentery caused by lingering damp-heat stagnation, it can be used. Li Shizhen noted that Chun bark is red and fragrant, entering the Blood level, with an astringent nature; Chu bark is white and foul-smelling, entering the Qi level, with a draining nature. Thus, although their main therapeutic effects are similar, their astringent and draining properties differ. Most materia medica texts do not mention this distinction, so it is recorded here for reference.)
Yuliren (Semen Pruni Persicae Var. Complanatae)
Smooths qi flow and dispels wind. Immediately resolves dry constipation, though caution is needed as body fluids may be easily depleted. Unblocks the intestines and guides out water retention, causing edema to recede instantly and distension to completely vanish. Pungent, bitter, sweet, and sour in taste; neutral in nature, possessing moistening and descending properties. (Yuliren is pungent, bitter, slightly sweet, and slightly sour, with a neutral nature. It specializes in moistening and descending, unblocking the Large Intestine, and moistening dry constipation. It guides the treatment of all conditions involving obstruction by water, wind, or qi. However, its purgative and draining action is too strong, raising concern that while the obstruction is cleared, body fluids might be depleted.)