\r酸枣仁\pq82.bmp\r
入肝脏藏魂镇摄。用疗胆怯无眠。走心家敛液固虚。可治表疏有汗。性颇平滑。味
属甘酸。（酸枣仁凡仁皆可入心。酸者皆入肝。酸甘而平。润泽之品。故能入心肝。敛液固
虚。但善滑大肠。至于炒熟。治胆虚不眠。生用治胆热好眠之说。亦习俗相沿。究竟不眠好
眠。各有成病之由。非一物枣仁可以统治也。）
\r鬼箭羽\pq83.bmp\r
味苦气寒能破血。杀虫辟鬼并宣风。（鬼箭羽以其形似箭羽。故有鬼箭羽之名。其
功能辟鬼魅。治中恶。杀虫治蛊。然考其苦寒之性。枝叶之用。所入者肝肺两经。所主者祛
风破血耳。）
味苦性凉。虽润燥和营。内方罕服。质粘色赤。可杀虫治癣。外用多需。（川槿皮
川产者佳。土产者即土槿皮。俗称之谓槿茄。可捍可插。植之为藩篱者也。皮浓色红。性极
粘滑。味甘苦平。微寒。入心肝血分。虽能润燥活血。治肠风血痢等证。然内服之方甚少。
总以杀虫治癣为外治耳。）
\r肉桂\pq84a.bmp\r
辛甘大热。补命门助火消阴。紫赤多香。益肝肾通经行血。腹痛疝瘕等疾。可导可温
。风寒痹湿诸邪。能宣能散。（肉桂产南方粤西安南等处。种类甚多。大抵以色紫肉浓味甜
有油者佳。然甜中带辛。自有一股香窜温暖之气。入心肝脾肾四经血分。温散血分寒邪。破
血结。除症瘕。同补肾药用。能补命门元阳不足。如格阳戴阳等证。又能引火归原。如欲补
心阳。益脾阳。均可各随佐使。桂水炒白芍。大能平肝。肉桂皮也。观其性味。察其主治。
无论内寒外寒。在于营分者。皆可治之。）
酸枣仁
入肝脏，藏魂并镇摄心神。用于治疗胆怯、失眠。走心经以收敛津液、固护虚损。可治疗表虚自汗。药性颇为平滑。味道属于甘酸。（酸枣仁凡是种子皆可入心，酸味药物皆入肝，酸甘而性平，属于润泽之品，所以能入心、肝二经，收敛津液、固护虚损。但它善于滑利大肠。至于炒熟后治疗胆虚失眠，生用治疗胆热好眠的说法，也是习俗沿袭下来的。究竟失眠还是嗜睡，各有其成病的缘由，并非一味酸枣仁可以统管所有情况。）
鬼箭羽
味道苦，气寒，能破血。杀虫、辟除邪祟并宣散风邪。（鬼箭羽因其形状像箭羽，所以得名鬼箭羽。它的功能包括辟除鬼魅、治疗中恶、杀虫、治蛊毒。然而考察其苦寒的性质及枝叶的用途，主要归入肝、肺两经，主要功效是祛风、破血罢了。）
川槿皮（注：原文此处标题虽为鬼箭羽，但正文描述实为川槿皮/土槿皮，依原文内容翻译）
味道苦，性凉，虽然能润燥、调和营血，但在内服方剂中很少使用。质地粘腻，颜色赤红，可杀虫、治疗癣疮。外用较为常用。（川产的川槿皮为佳，土产的即土槿皮，俗称槿茄。可以抵御也可以扦插，种植作为篱笆。树皮厚，颜色红，性质极粘滑，味道甘苦平，微寒。入心、肝血分，虽然能润燥活血，治疗肠风血痢等证候，但内服的方子很少，总之以杀虫治癣作为外治法为主。）
肉桂
辛甘大热。补命门、助火、消阴。紫红色且多香气，益肝肾、通经、行血。腹痛、疝瘕等疾病，可引导温散。风寒湿痹等各种邪气，能宣散。（肉桂产于南方粤西、安南等地，种类很多，大致以颜色紫、肉质厚、味道甜、有油者为佳。然而甜味中带辛，自然有一股香窜温暖的气息。入心、肝、脾、肾四经的血分，温散血分中的寒邪，破除血结，消除症瘕。与补肾药同用，能补命门元阳不足，如格阳、戴阳等证候。又能引火归原。如果想要补心阳、益脾阳，均可根据佐使药配合使用。桂水炒白芍，大能平肝。肉桂是树皮。观察其性味，考察其主治，无论内寒外寒，在于营分的，都可以治疗。）
Suanzaoren (Ziziphi Spinosae Semen)
Enters the Liver channel, stores the Hun (Ethereal Soul), and calms the Spirit. Used to treat timidity and insomnia. Enters the Heart to astringe fluids and consolidate deficiency. Can treat spontaneous sweating due to exterior deficiency. The nature is quite smooth. The taste is sweet and sour. (All seeds can enter the Heart; sour substances generally enter the Liver. Sour and sweet with a neutral nature, it is a moistening agent, thus able to enter the Heart and Liver channels, astringe fluids, and consolidate deficiency. However, it tends to lubricate the Large Intestine. Regarding the saying that roasted Suanzaoren treats insomnia due to Gallbladder deficiency and raw Suanzaoren treats hypersomnia due to Gallbladder heat, this is merely a customary tradition. In reality, insomnia and hypersomnia have different etiologies; one cannot rely solely on Ziziphi Spinosae Semen to govern all such conditions.)
Guijianyu (Eucommiae Ulmoides Cortex Ramulus / Eucommia Twig)
Bitter in taste and cold in nature, it can break blood stasis. It kills parasites, dispels evil influences, and disperses wind. (Guijianyu gets its name because its shape resembles an arrow feather. Its functions include dispelling malevolent spirits, treating sudden severe illness (Zhong'e), killing parasites, and treating gu poison. However, examining its bitter-cold nature and the use of its branches and leaves, it primarily enters the Liver and Lung channels, and its main actions are dispelling wind and breaking blood stasis.)
Chuanjinpi (Hibisci Tiliacei Cortex / Corkwood Bark)
Bitter in taste and cool in nature. Although it can moisten dryness and harmonize the Ying (Nutritive) level, it is rarely used internally. It has a sticky texture and red color, capable of killing parasites and treating tinea corporis (ringworm). It is mostly required for external use. (The Sichuan-produced Chuanjinpi is superior; the locally produced one is known as Tu Jinpi, commonly called Jin Qia. It can be used as a barrier or planted as a hedge. The bark is thick and red, extremely sticky and slippery, with a sweet, bitter, and neutral taste, slightly cold. It enters the Blood levels of the Heart and Liver. Although it can moisten dryness and invigorate blood to treat conditions like intestinal wind and bloody dysentery, there are few internal prescriptions. It is primarily used externally for killing parasites and treating tinea.)
Rougui (Cinnamomi Cortex / Cinnamon Bark)
Pungent, sweet, and greatly hot. It tonifies the Mingmen (Gate of Life), assists fire, and dissipates yin. Purple-red with abundant fragrance, it benefits the Liver and Kidney, unblocks meridians, and promotes blood circulation. For abdominal pain, hernia, and mass disorders, it can guide and warm. For various pathogens such as wind-cold and bi-syndrome caused by dampness, it can disperse and scatter. (Rougui is produced in southern regions such as western Guangdong and Annam. There are many varieties, generally those that are purple, thick-fleshed, sweet-tasting, and oily are considered best. However, the sweetness carries a pungency, naturally possessing a fragrant, penetrating, warm, and soothing qi. It enters the Blood levels of the Heart, Liver, Spleen, and Kidney channels, warming and dispersing cold pathogens in the blood, breaking blood clots, and eliminating masses. When used with kidney-tonifying herbs, it can tonify insufficient Yuan Yang of the Mingmen, as seen in conditions like Ge Yang (floating yang) and Dai Yang (crowning yang). It can also lead fire back to its source. If one wishes to tonify Heart Yang or benefit Spleen Yang, it can be combined with appropriate assistant herbs. Bai Shao stir-fried with Gui water greatly soothes the Liver. Rougui is the bark. Observing its nature and taste and examining its indications, whether the cold is internal or external, if located in the Ying level, it can be treated.)