辟虺雷味苦大寒无毒主解百毒消痰祛大热疗头痛辟瘟疫一名辟蛇雷其状如粗块苍术节中
有眼
药王味甘平无毒解一切毒止鼻衄吐血祛烦躁苗茎青色叶摘之有汁捣汁饮验○兜木香烧去
恶气除病疫汉武帝故事西王母降上烧兜木香末兜木香兜渠国所献如大豆涂宫门香闻百里关中
大疾疫死者相枕烧此香疫则止内传云死者皆起此则灵香非中国所致标其功用为众草之首焉○
草犀根味辛平无毒主解诸药毒岭南及睦婺间如中毒草此药及千金藤并解之亦主蛊毒溪毒恶刺
虎野狼虫虺等毒天行疟瘴寒热咳嗽痰壅飞尸喉闭疮肿小儿寒热丹毒中恶注忤痢血等并煮汁服之
其功用如犀故名草犀解毒为最生衢婺洪饶间苗高二三尺独茎根细辛研服更良生水中者名水犀
也○海药云（谨按广州记云生岭南及海中独茎对叶而生如灯台草若细辛平无毒主解一切毒瓦斯
虎野狼所伤溪毒野蛊等毒并宜烧碎服临死者服之得活）○薇味甘寒无毒久食不饥调中利大小肠
生水傍叶似萍尔雅曰薇垂也三秦记曰夷齐食之三年颜色不异武王诫之不食而死广志曰薇叶似
萍可食利人也○海药云（谨按广州记云生海池泽中尔雅注云薇水菜主利水道下浮肿润大肠）
○
无风独摇草带之令夫妇相爱生岭南头如弹子尾若乌尾两片开合见人自动故曰独摇草○海药云
（谨按广志云生岭南又云生大秦国性温平无毒主头而游风遍身痒煮汁淋蘸陶朱术云五月五日
采诸山野往往亦有之）○零余子味甘温无毒主补虚强腰脚益肾食之不饥晒干功用强于薯蓣有
数种此则是其一也一本云大如鸡子小者如弹丸在叶下生○百草花主百病长生神仙亦煮花汁酿
酒服之异类云凤刚者渔阳人也常采百花水渍封泥埋之百日煎为丸猝死者内口中即活凤刚服药
百余岁入地肺山列仙传云尧时赤松子服之得仙○红莲花白莲花味甘平无毒久服令人好颜色变
白却老生西国胡人将来至中国也○旱藕味甘平无毒主长生不饥黑毛发生太行如藕○羊不吃草
味苦辛温无毒主一切风血补益攻诸病煮之亦浸酒生蜀川山谷叶细长在诸草中羊不吃者是○萍
蓬草根味甘无毒主补虚益气力久食不饥浓肠胃生南方池泽大如荇花黄未开前如算袋根如藕饥
年当谷也○石蕊王长年不饥生太山石上如花蕊为丸散服之今时无复有王隐晋书曰庚褒入林虑
山食木实饵石蕊得长年也○仙人草主小儿酢疮煮汤浴亦捣敷之酢疮头小而硬小者此疮或有不
因药而自瘥者当丹毒入腹必危可预饮冷药以防之兼用此草洗疮亦明目去肤翳 汁滴目中生阶
庭间高二三寸叶细有雁齿似离鬲草北地不生也○会州白药主金疮生肤止血碎末敷疮上药如白
蔹出会州也○救 草食之可绝谷长生生地肺山大松树下如竹出新道书地肺山高六千丈其下有
之应可求也○草豉味辛平无毒主恶气调中益五脏开胃令人能食生巴西诸国草似韭豉出花中人
食之○陈思岌味辛平无毒主解诸药毒热毒丹毒痈肿天行壮热喉痹蛊毒除风血补益以上并煮服
之亦磨敷疮上亦浸酒出岭南一名千金藤一名石黄香今江东又有千金藤一名鸟虎藤与陈思岌所
主颇有异同终非一物也陈思岌蔓生于小豆根及叶辛香也○千里及味苦平小毒主天行疫气结黄
疟瘴蛊毒煮服之吐下亦捣敷疮虫蛇犬等咬处藤生道傍篱落间有之叶细浓宣湖间有之○孝文韭
味辛温无毒主腹内冷胀满泄痢肠 温中补虚生塞北山谷如韭人多食之能行云昔后魏孝文帝所
种以是为名又有山韭亦如韭生山间治毛发又有石蒜生石间又有泽蒜根如小蒜叶如韭生平泽并
温补下气又滑水源又有诸葛亮韭更长彼人食之是蜀魏时诸葛亮所种也○倚待草味甘温无毒主
血气虚劳腰膝疼弱风缓羸瘦无颜色绝伤无子妇人老血浸酒服之逐病极疾故名倚待生桂州如安
山谷叶圆高二三尺八月采取○鸡侯菜味辛温无毒久食温中益气生岭南顾广州记曰鸡侯菜似艾
二月生宜鸡羹故名之○桃朱术取子带之令妇人为夫所爱生园中细如芹花紫子作角以镜向旁敲
之则子自发五月五日收之也○铁葛味甘温无毒主一切风血气羸弱令人性健久服风缓及偏风并
正生山南峡中叶似枸杞如葛黑色也○伏鸡子根味苦寒无毒主解百药毒诸热烦闷急黄天行黄胆
疽疮疟瘴中恶寒热头痛马急黄及牛疫并水磨服生者尤佳亦敷痈肿与陈家白药同功但霍乱诸冷
不可服耳生四明天台叶圆薄似钱蔓延根作鸟形者良一名承露仙○陈家白药味苦寒无毒主解诸
药毒水研服之入腹与毒相攻必吐疑毒未止更服亦去心胸烦热天行瘟瘴出苍梧陈家解药用之故
有陈家之号蔓及根并似土瓜紧小者良冬春采取一名吉利菜人亦食之与婆罗门白药及赤药功用
并相似叶如钱根如防己出明山○龙珠味苦寒无毒子主疔肿叶变白发令人不睡李邕方云主诸热
毒石气发动调中解烦生道傍子圆赤珠似龙葵但子熟时赤耳
【背景信息】
书名：本草品汇精要 作者：王好古 朝代：元 章节：一种唐本余 / 二十六种陈藏器余 类别：本草
辟虺雷，味苦，性大寒，无毒。主要功效为解除各种毒素，消除痰液，祛除大热，治疗头痛，预防瘟疫。又名辟蛇雷。其形状像粗糙的苍术块，节中有眼。
药王，味甘，性平，无毒。能解除一切毒素，止住鼻出血和吐血，祛除烦躁。其苗茎呈青色，叶片摘下后有汁液，捣碎取汁饮用有效。○兜木香，烧去恶气，可除病疫。据《汉武帝故事》记载，西王母降临，焚烧兜木香末。兜木香由兜渠国进献，大小如大豆，涂抹在宫门上，香气可闻百里。关中地区发生大瘟疫，死者枕藉，焚烧此香则瘟疫停止。《内传》记载死者皆复活，这是灵香，非中国本土所产，将其功用列为众草之首。○草犀根，味辛，性平，无毒。主要解各种药物中毒。在岭南及睦州、婺州之间，如果误食毒草，服用此药及千金藤均可解毒。也主治蛊毒、溪毒、恶刺虎、野狼、虫虺等毒，以及天行疟疾、瘴气、寒热、咳嗽、痰壅、飞尸、喉闭、疮肿、小儿寒热、丹毒、中恶、注忤、痢血等症，均煮汁服用。因其功用类似犀角，故名草犀，解毒效果最佳。产于衢、婺、洪、饶等地，苗高二三尺，独茎，根部细辛，研粉服用效果更好。生长在水中的名为水犀。○《海药本草》云（谨按《广州记》记载，生于岭南及海中，独茎对叶而生，如灯台草或细辛，性平无毒。主要解一切毒瓦斯，被虎、野狼所伤，以及溪毒、野蛊等毒，均应烧碎服用，临死前服用可得活命。）○薇，味甘，性寒，无毒。长期食用不饥饿，调和脾胃，利大小肠。生长在水边，叶子似浮萍。《尔雅》说：“薇，垂也。”《三秦记》说：伯夷、叔齐吃它三年，脸色没有变化；周武王告诫他们不吃后，他们便绝食而死。《广志》说：薇叶似浮萍，可食用，对人有利。○《海药本草》云（谨按《广州记》记载，生于海池泽中。《尔雅》注解说：薇是水菜，主要利水道，消浮肿，润大肠。）○
无风独摇草，佩戴它能令夫妇相爱。生于岭南，头部如弹子，尾部像乌鸦尾巴，两片叶子开合，见人自动摇动，所以叫独摇草。○《海药本草》云（谨按《广志》记载，生于岭南，又说生于大秦国。性温平，无毒。主要治头面游风遍身瘙痒，煮汁淋洗蘸擦。陶朱公术云：五月五日采集诸山野草，往往也有这种。）○零余子，味甘，性温，无毒。主要补虚，强腰脚，益肾。食用后不饥饿。晒干后功效强于薯蓣。有多种，这只是其中一种。另一版本说：大的如鸡蛋，小的如弹丸，生长在叶子下面。○百草花，主治百病，使人长生成仙。也煮花汁酿酒服用。《异类》云：凤刚是渔阳人，常采集百花，用水浸泡，封泥埋藏百日，煎煮成丸。猝死者含在口中即活。凤刚服药百余岁，进入地肺山。《列仙传》云：尧时赤松子服用此物得道成仙。○红莲花、白莲花，味甘，性平，无毒。长期服用使人面色红润变白，抗衰老。由西域胡人传入中国。○旱藕，味甘，性平，无毒。主要治长生不饥，使黑发生长。产于太行山，形状如藕。○羊不吃草，味苦、辛，性温，无毒。主治一切风血病，补益，攻治各种疾病。煮服或浸酒服。生于蜀川山谷，叶子细长，在其他草中羊不吃的是它。○萍蓬草根，味甘，无毒。主要补虚益气力，久食不饥饿，厚肠胃。生于南方池泽，大如荇花，黄未开前如算袋，根如藕。荒年可作为粮食。○石蕊，王长年吃不饿。生于泰山石上，如花蕊。制成丸散服用。现在已无。《王隐晋书》说：庚褒进入林虑山，吃木实，饵石蕊，得以长寿。○仙人草，主治小儿酢疮。煮汤洗澡，或捣碎外敷。酢疮头小且硬，小的这种疮有时不经药而自愈。但若丹毒入腹必危，可预先饮冷药以防之，并用此草洗疮，也可明目，去除肤翳。汁滴入眼中。生长于阶庭间，高二三寸，叶子细有雁齿状，北方不生。○会州白药，主治金疮，生肌止血。碎末敷在疮上。药性如白蔹，出自会州。○救草，食用可断谷长生。生地肺山大松树下，如竹笋般出新芽。《道书》说地肺山高六千丈，山下有之，应该可以求得。○草豉，味辛，性平，无毒。主治恶气，调中，益五脏，开胃，令人能食。生于巴西诸国，草似韭菜。豆豉出自花中人食之。○陈思岌，味辛，性平，无毒。主治解各种药物中毒、热毒、丹毒、痈肿、天行壮热、喉痹、蛊毒。除风血，补益。以上均煮服，也可磨碎敷疮，或浸酒服。出自岭南。一名千金藤，一名石黄香。今江东又有千金藤，一名鸟虎藤，与陈思岌主治颇有异同，终非一物。陈思岌蔓生，在小豆根及叶，辛香。○千里及，味苦，性平，有小毒。主治天行疫气、结黄、疟疾、瘴气、蛊毒。煮服，吐下亦可，或捣敷疮、虫蛇犬咬处。藤生道旁篱落间有之，叶子细浓，宣湖间有之。○孝文韭，味辛，性温，无毒。主治腹内冷胀满、泄痢、肠鸣。温中补虚。生于塞北山谷，如韭菜。人多食之能行云。昔后魏孝文帝所种，以是为名。又有山韭，亦如韭，生山间，治毛发。又有石蒜，生石间。又有泽蒜，根如小蒜，叶如韭，生平泽，并温补下气。又滑水源又有诸葛亮韭，更长，彼人食之，是蜀魏时诸葛亮所种也。○倚待草，味甘，性温，无毒。主治血气虚劳，腰膝疼弱，风缓羸瘦，无颜色，绝伤无子，妇人老血。浸酒服之，逐病极疾，故名倚待。生于桂州如安山谷，叶圆，高二三尺，八月采取。○鸡侯菜，味辛，性温，无毒。久食温中益气。生于岭南。顾氏《广州记》曰：鸡侯菜似艾，二月生，宜做鸡羹，故名之。○桃朱术，取子佩戴，令妇人为夫所爱。生于园中，细如芹，花紫，子作角。以镜向旁敲之，则子自发。五月五日收之。○铁葛，味甘，性温，无毒。主治一切风血，气羸弱，令人性健。久服风缓及偏风并正。生于山南峡中，叶似枸杞，如葛，黑色。○伏鸡子根，味苦，性寒，无毒。主治解百药毒，诸热烦闷，急黄，天行黄疸，疽疮，疟瘴，中恶，寒热，头痛，马急黄及牛疫。并水磨服，生者尤佳。亦敷痈肿。与陈家白药同功，但霍乱诸冷不可服耳。生于四明天台，叶圆薄似钱，蔓延，根作鸟形者良。一名承露仙。○陈家白药，味苦，性寒，无毒。主治解诸药毒。水研服之，入腹与毒相攻，必吐。疑毒未止更服。亦去心胸烦热，天行瘟瘴。出苍梧，陈家解药用之，故有陈家之号。蔓及根并似土瓜，紧小者良。冬春采取。一名吉利菜，人亦食之。与婆罗门白药及赤药功用并相似。叶如钱，根如防己，出明山。○龙珠，味苦，性寒，无毒。子主治疔肿。叶变白发，令人不睡。李邕方云：主诸热毒，石气发动，调中解烦。生道傍。子圆赤珠，似龙葵，但子熟时赤耳。
[Bio-information]
Book: *Bencao Huihui Jingyao* (Essentials of Materia Medica)
Author: Wang Haogu
Dynasty: Yuan
Chapter: Supplementary Materials from Tang Ben and Chen Cangqi
Category: Materia Medica
**Bihuile** (Snake-Repelling Thunder), bitter, very cold in nature, non-toxic. Primarily resolves various toxins, eliminates phlegm, removes intense heat, treats headaches, and prevents epidemics. Also known as Bishelei (Snake-Repelling Thunder). Its appearance resembles coarse *Atractylodis Rhizoma* (Cangzhu, 苍术) rhizomes with eyes at the nodes.
**Yaowang** (King of Medicines), sweet, neutral in nature, non-toxic. Resolves all toxins, stops epistaxis and hematemesis, and dispels irritability. The seedlings and stems are green; leaves exude juice when plucked, which is effective when crushed and drunk. ○ **Doumuxiang** (Douchenxiang), burning it removes foul odors and cures diseases/epidemics. According to the *Story of Emperor Wu of Han*, when the Queen Mother of the West descended, she burned Doumuxiang powder. Doumuxiang was presented by the Kingdom of Douqu, sized like soybeans; when applied to palace gates, its fragrance could be smelled for a hundred li. During a major epidemic in Guanzhong where corpses were piled up, burning this incense stopped the plague. The *Inner Biography* records that the dead revived; this is a spiritual incense not native to China, ranked first among herbs for its efficacy. ○ **Caoxigen** (Grass-Rhino Root), pungent, neutral in nature, non-toxic. Primarily resolves various drug poisonings. In Lingnan and between Mozhou and Wuzhou, if poisoned by toxic grasses, taking this herb along with *Polygoni Multiflori Caulis* (Qiantjin Teng, 千金藤) can detoxify. It also treats gu poison, stream toxins, bites from vicious tigers, wild wolves, insects, and vipers, as well as epidemic malaria, miasma, chills and fever, cough, phlegm obstruction, flying corpse syndrome, throat closure, sores and swelling, pediatric chills and fever, erysipelas, sudden evil qi, strangury with blood, etc., all by boiling into a decoction. Named Caoxi because its efficacy resembles that of rhinoceros horn, it is the most potent for detoxification. Grows in Qu, Wu, Hong, and Rao regions; seedlings are two or three chi high with a single stem, roots resemble *Asari Radix et Rhizoma* (Xixin, 细辛), and grinding them into powder for oral administration is more effective. Those growing in water are called Shuixi (Water Rhino). ○ *Haiyao Bencao* (Marine Medicinal Materia Medica) states (According to *Guangzhou Ji*, it grows in Lingnan and the sea, with a single stem and opposite leaves, resembling *Veronicastrum* or *Asarum*. Neutral in nature, non-toxic. Primarily resolves all toxic vapors, injuries from tigers and wild wolves, stream toxins, and wild gu poisons. Should be crushed and taken orally; even those near death can survive if taken.) ○ **Wei** (Pteris multifida / Fern vegetable), sweet, cold in nature, non-toxic. Long-term consumption prevents hunger, harmonizes the middle jiao, and benefits the large and small intestines. Grows by water, leaves resemble duckweed. *Erya* states: "Wei means drooping." *Sanqin Ji* records that Bo Yi and Shu Qi ate it for three years without changing their complexion; they starved themselves to death after King Wu advised them against eating it. *Guangzhi* states: Wei leaves resemble duckweed, are edible, and beneficial to humans. ○ *Haiyao Bencao* states (According to *Guangzhou Ji*, it grows in sea pools and marshes. *Erya* commentary notes: Wei is a water vegetable, primarily promoting urination, reducing edema, and moistening the large intestine.) ○
**Wufeng Duyao Cao** (Windless Swaying Grass), wearing it promotes love between husband and wife. Grows in Lingnan; the head is like a pellet, the tail resembles a crow's tail, with two pairs of leaves that open and close and sway automatically upon seeing people, hence the name. ○ *Haiyao Bencao* states (According to *Guangzhi*, it grows in Lingnan and also in Daqin [Rome]. Warm and neutral in nature, non-toxic. Primarily treats wandering wind causing generalized itching; boil into juice for washing and applying. Tao Zhu Gong’s Art states: Collect wild herbs on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month; this one is often found there too.) ○ **Lingyuzi** (Air Potato), sweet, warm in nature, non-toxic. Primarily tonifies deficiency, strengthens waist and knees, benefits the kidneys. Consumption prevents hunger. Dried, its efficacy surpasses that of *Dioscoreae Rhizoma* (Shuyu, 薯蓣). There are several varieties; this is one. Another version says: Large ones are egg-sized, small ones are pellet-sized, growing beneath the leaves. ○ **Baicaohua** (Hundred Herb Flower), treats hundreds of diseases, grants longevity and immortality. Also, flower juice is boiled and fermented into wine. *Yilei* records: Feng Gang from Yuyang frequently collected hundred flowers, soaked them in water, sealed them in mud, and buried them for a hundred days, then boiled into pills. If someone died suddenly, placing the pill in their mouth would revive them. Feng Gang took these pills for over a hundred years and entered Difei Mountain. *Lie Xian Zhuan* (Biographies of Immortals) records: Chisongzi during the reign of Emperor Yao attained immortality by consuming this. ○ **Hong Lianhua** (Red Lotus Flower) and **Bai Lianhua** (White Lotus Flower), sweet, neutral in nature, non-toxic. Long-term consumption improves complexion, whitens skin, and anti-ages. Brought to China by Hu merchants from Western Regions. ○ **Han'ou** (Dry Lotus Root), sweet, neutral in nature, non-toxic. Primarily promotes longevity, prevents hunger, and stimulates black hair growth. Grows in Taihang Mountains, resembling lotus root. ○ **Yangbuchicao** (Sheep-Refusing Grass), bitter and pungent, warm in nature, non-toxic. Treats all wind-blood disorders, tonifies, and attacks various diseases. Taken as a decoction or infused in wine. Grows in Shuchuan valleys; leaves are slender and long; sheep refuse to eat it among other grasses. ○ **Pingpengcao Gen** (Nymphoides Root), sweet, non-toxic. Primarily tonifies deficiency, boosts qi and strength, prevents hunger with long-term use, and thickens the intestines. Grows in southern marshes; size similar to *Vallisneria* flowers, yellow before blooming resembling an abacus case, roots resemble lotus root. Can serve as grain in famine years. ○ **Shirui** (Stone Moss), Wang Changnian did not feel hunger from it. Grows on rocks in Mount Tai, resembling flower stamens. Made into pills and powders for oral administration. No longer available today. *Wang Yin Jinshu* records: Geng Bao entered Linlu Mountain, ate tree fruits, and consumed Shirui, achieving longevity. ○ **Xianren Cao** (Immortal Grass), treats pediatric acid sores. Boil into soup for bathing or crush for external application. Acid sores have small, hard heads; minor cases may heal spontaneously. However, if erysipelas toxin enters the abdomen, it is critical; one should preemptively drink cold medicines to prevent this, and wash the sore with this herb. It also brightens eyes and removes corneal opacities. Juice dripped into eyes. Grows in courtyards, two or three cun high, leaves slender with goose-tooth margins, not found in the north. ○ **Huizhou Baiyao** (Huizhou White Medicine), treats traumatic injuries, generates flesh, and stops bleeding. Crushed into powder and applied to sores. Efficacy similar to *Ampelopsis Radix* (Bailian, 白蔹), originating from Huizhou. ○ **Jiu Cao** (Rescue Grass), consumption allows fasting and longevity. Grows under large pines in Difei Mountain, sprouting like bamboo shoots. *Daoist Books* state Difei Mountain is six thousand zhang high; it grows below, and can likely be sought. ○ **Caoshi** (Herb Fermented Bean), pungent, neutral in nature, non-toxic. Treats foul qi, harmonizes the middle, benefits the five zang organs, opens the stomach, and promotes appetite. Grows in various countries of Brazil; herb resembles leeks. Fermented bean comes from the flower; humans consume it. ○ **Chen Si Ji**, pungent, neutral in nature, non-toxic. Treats various drug poisonings, heat toxins, erysipelas, carbuncles, epidemic high fever, throat bi, gu poison. Dispels wind-blood, tonifies. All taken as decoctions, or ground for topical application, or infused in wine. Originates from Lingnan. Also known as Qiantjin Teng and Shi Huangxiang. Currently, Jiangdong has another Qiantjin Teng, also known as Wuhu Teng, which has similar but distinct indications from Chen Si Ji, and they are definitely different substances. Chen Si Ji is a vine growing on soybean roots and leaves, with a pungent aroma. ○ **Qianliji**, bitter, neutral in nature, slightly toxic. Treats epidemic qi, jaundice with stagnation, malaria, miasma, and gu poison. Taken as decoction, induces vomiting or purging, or crushed for topical application to sores and bites from insects, snakes, and dogs. Vines grow by roadsides and fences, leaves are slender and dense, found in Xuanhu region. ○ **Xiaowen Jiu** (Emperor Xiaowen Leek), pungent, warm in nature, non-toxic. Treats abdominal coldness, distension, diarrhea, dysentery, and intestinal rumbling. Warms the middle and tonifies deficiency. Grows in northern border valleys, resembling leeks. Many people eat it to induce cloud-walking. Formerly planted by Emperor Xiaowen of Northern Wei, hence the name. There is also mountain leek, resembling leeks, growing in mountains, treating hair issues. There is also stone lily, growing among rocks. There is also wetland garlic, roots like small garlic, leaves like leeks, growing in plains and marshes, warming and tonifying, directing qi downward. At Huashui Source, there is Zhuge Liang Leek, taller; locals eat it, planted by Zhuge Liang during the Shu-Wei period. ○ **Yidai Cao** (Leaning-Waiting Grass), sweet, warm in nature, non-toxic. Treats blood and qi deficiency with consumptive disease, weak and painful waist and knees, flaccid paralysis, emaciation, pallor, severe trauma, infertility, and stagnant blood in women. Infused in wine and taken, it expels diseases rapidly, hence the name Yidai. Grows in Guangzhou, such as Anshan Valley, leaves round, two or three chi high, harvested in August. ○ **Jihou Cai** (Chicken-Husband Vegetable), pungent, warm in nature, non-toxic. Long-term consumption warms the middle and boosts qi. Grows in Lingnan. Gu’s *Guangzhou Ji* states: Jihou Cai resembles mugwort, emerges in February, suitable for chicken soup, hence the name. ○ **Taozhushu**, take the seeds and wear them to make women loved by their husbands. Grows in gardens, thin as celery, purple flowers, pods contain seeds. Strike with a mirror from the side, and the seeds pop out spontaneously. Harvest on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month. ○ **Tiege**, sweet, warm in nature, non-toxic. Treats all wind-blood disorders, qi deficiency and weakness, making the person vigorous. Long-term use treats flaccid paralysis and hemiplegia. Grows in southern mountain gorges, leaves resemble *Lycii Cortex* (Gouqipi, 枸杞皮), vines like kudzu, black in color. ○ **Fuji Zi Gen** (Hen-Egg Root), bitter, cold in nature, non-toxic. Treats various drug poisonings, heat-induced irritability, acute jaundice, epidemic icterus, abscesses, malaria, miasma, sudden evil qi, chills and fever, headache, acute equine jaundice, and cattle epidemics. Grind with water and take; fresh is better. Also applied externally to carbuncles. Same efficacy as Chenjia Baiyao, but contraindicated in cholera and cold syndromes. Grows in Tiantai, Siming Mountains, leaves round and thin like coins, spreading vines, roots shaped like birds are superior. Also known as Chenglu Xian. ○ **Chenjia Baiyao**, bitter, cold in nature, non-toxic. Treats various drug poisonings. Grind with water and take; it attacks toxins in the abdomen and causes vomiting. If poisoning is suspected to persist, take more. Also clears chest and heart irritability, epidemic plagues. Originates from Cangwu; used by the Chen family for detoxification, hence the name. Vines and roots resemble *Ipomoea Batatas* (Tugua, 土瓜); tight and small ones are superior. Harvested in winter and spring. Also known as Jili Cai, edible by humans. Efficacy similar to Boluomen Baiyao and Chi Yao. Leaves like coins, roots like *Stephaniae Tetrandrae Radix* (Fangji, 防己), originates from Mingshan. ○ **Zhenzhu Long**, bitter, cold in nature, non-toxic. Seeds treat carbuncles. Leaves turn white hair black, cause insomnia. Li Yong’s Formula states: Treats various heat toxins, stone qi activation, harmonizes the middle, relieves irritability. Grows by roadsides. Seeds are round red pearls, resembling *Solanum nigrum* (Longkui, 龙葵), but only the ripe seeds are red.