\r女葳\ph76.bmp\r，文具葳蕤条下。
\r黄精\ph78.bmp\r，旧不载所出州郡，但云生山谷，今南北皆有之。以嵩山、茅山者
为佳。三月生苗，高
一、二尺以来；叶如竹叶而短，两两相对；茎梗柔脆，颇似桃枝，本黄末赤；四月开细青白
花，如小豆花状；子白如黍，亦有无子者。根如嫩生姜，黄色；二月采根，蒸过曝干用。
今通八月采，山中人九蒸九曝，作果卖，甚甘美，而黄黑色。江南人说黄精苗叶，稍类钩吻
，但钩吻叶头极尖，而根细。苏恭注云∶钩吻蔓生，殊非此类，恐南北所产之异耳。初生苗
时，人多采为菜茹，谓之笔菜，味极美，采取尤宜辨之。隋·羊公服黄精法云∶黄精是芝草
之精也。一名葳蕤，一名仙人余粮，一名苟格，一名菟竹，一名垂珠，一名马箭，一名白芨
。二月、三月采根，入地八、九寸为上。细切一石，以水二石五斗，煮去苦味，漉出，囊中
压取汁，澄清，再煎如膏乃止。以炒黑豆黄末相和，令得所，捏作饼子如钱许大。初服二枚
，日
益之，百日知。亦焙干筛末，水服，功与上等。《抱朴子》云∶服黄精花胜其实。花，生十
斛，干之可得五、六斗，服之十年，乃可得益。又《博物志》云∶天老谓黄帝曰∶太阳之草
，名黄精，饵之可以长生。世传华佗漆叶青粘散云∶青粘是黄精之正叶者，书传不载，未审
的否。
女葳，详见“文具葳蕤”条目下。
黄精，旧籍未记载其出产的州郡，只说生长在山谷中，如今南北各地都有。以嵩山、茅山出产的为佳。三月生苗，高一尺到二尺左右；叶子像竹叶但较短，两两相对生长；茎梗柔嫩易脆，很像桃树枝，根部呈黄色梢部呈赤色；四月开细小的青白色花，形状像小豆花；果实白色如黍米，也有不结果的植株。根像嫩生姜，呈黄色；二月采挖根部，蒸过后晒干使用。现在普遍在八月采收，山中人在九次蒸晒后，作为果品出售，味道非常甘甜美味，颜色变为黄黑色。江南人说黄精的苗叶，稍微有点像钩吻，但钩吻的叶尖极尖，而根较细。苏恭注释说：钩吻是蔓生植物，完全不是这一类，恐怕是南北产地不同造成的差异罢了。初生苗时，人们多采集它作为蔬菜食用，称为笔菜，味道极其鲜美，采摘时尤其需要仔细辨别。隋朝羊公服用黄精的方法说：黄精是芝草的精气所化。又名葳蕤，又名仙人余粮，又名苟格，又名菟竹，又名垂珠，又名马箭，又名白芨。二月、三月采挖根部，深入地下八、九寸的为上品。将根切成细丝一石，用水二石五斗，煮去苦味，捞出，放入囊袋中压榨取汁，澄清后，再次煎煮成膏状为止。与炒熟的黑豆末混合，调和得当，捏制成如铜钱大小的饼子。初次服用两枚，每日增加剂量，一百天后见效。也可以焙干筛成粉末，用水送服，功效与上等相同。《抱朴子》说：服用黄精的花胜过服用其实体。花，十斛产量，晒干后可得五、六斗，服用十年，才能显著获益。又《博物志》说：天老对黄帝说：太阳之草，名叫黄精，服用它可以长生不老。世间流传华佗的漆叶青粘散方中说：青粘是黄精的正叶品种，书籍传记中没有记载，不确定是否确切。
Nüwei, see the entry under "Wenju Weirui".
Huangjing (Polygonati Rhizoma), ancient texts do not record the specific provinces where it originates, stating only that it grows in mountain valleys. It is now found in both northern and southern regions. The best quality comes from Mount Song and Mount Mao. Seedlings emerge in the third lunar month, growing to a height of one or two chi; the leaves resemble those of bamboo but are shorter, arranged oppositely in pairs; the stems are tender and brittle, resembling peach twigs, with yellow bases and reddish tips; in the fourth lunar month, it produces small greenish-white flowers, similar in shape to common bean flowers; the fruits are white like broomcorn millet, though some plants bear no fruit. The rhizomes resemble young ginger roots and are yellow in color. Traditionally, roots were harvested in the second lunar month, steamed, and sun-dried for use. Currently, harvesting is commonly done in the eighth lunar month. People in mountainous areas subject the roots to nine cycles of steaming and sun-drying, selling them as a snack food; they are very sweet and delicious, turning a yellow-black color. People in Jiangnan state that the seedlings and leaves of Huangjing slightly resemble those of Gouwen (Gelsemium elegans), but Gouwen has extremely pointed leaf tips and thinner roots. Su Gong noted: "Gouwen is a climbing vine, completely different from this category; it is likely due to differences in production between north and south." When the seedlings first emerge, people often harvest them as vegetables, calling them "Bicai" (Pen Vegetable); their taste is extremely delicious, so careful identification is required during collection. The method of Yang Gong from the Sui Dynasty for consuming Huangjing states: "Huangjing is the essence of the Zhi grass." It is also known as Weirui, Xianren Yuliang (Immortal's Leftover Grain), Gouge, Tuzhu, Chuizhu, Majian, and Baiji. Roots harvested in the second or third lunar months, dug to a depth of eight or nine cun, are considered superior. One dan of finely sliced rhizome is boiled in twenty-five dou of water to remove bitterness, then strained out, pressed in a cloth bag to extract the juice, clarified, and boiled again until it becomes a paste. This is mixed with fried black soybean powder, adjusted properly, and formed into cakes the size of coins. Initially, take two cakes, increasing the dose daily; efficacy will be perceived after one hundred days. Alternatively, it can be baked dry, ground into powder, and taken with water, achieving effects equivalent to the superior preparation. *Baopuzi* states: "Consuming the flowers of Huangjing is more effective than consuming its rhizomes." Ten hu of fresh flowers yield five or six dou when dried; consuming them for ten years yields significant benefits. Furthermore, *Bowuzhi* records: Tian Lao said to the Yellow Emperor, 'The Grass of the Sun is named Huangjing; ingesting it can grant longevity.' It is widely circulated that Hua Tuo's Qiyе Qingzhan San (Cicada Shell and Green Stick Powder) formula states: "Qingzhan refers to the true leaves of Huangjing," but this is not recorded in classical texts, and its accuracy remains uncertain.