\r石韦\ph161.bmp\r，生华阴山谷石上，今晋、绛、滁、海、福州、江宁府皆有之。
丛生石上，叶如柳，背
有毛，而斑点如皮，故以名之，以不闻水声者良。二月、七月采叶，阴干用。南中医人炒末
，冷酒调服，疗发背甚效。石韦一名石皮。而福州自有一种石皮，三月有花，其月采叶煎浴
汤，主风。又有生古瓦屋上者，名瓦韦，用治淋亦佳。
\r狗脊\ph162.bmp\r，生常山川谷，今太行山、淄、温、眉州亦有。根黑色，长三、
四寸，两指许大；苗尖
细碎青色，高一尺以来，无花；其茎叶似贯众而细；其根长而多歧，似狗脊骨，故以名之。
其肉青绿。春秋采根，曝干用。今方亦用金毛者。
\r萆 \ph163.bmp\r，生真定山谷，今河、陕京东、荆、蜀诸郡有之。根黄白色，多
节，三指许大；苗叶俱
青，作蔓生，叶作三义，似山芋，又似绿豆叶；花有黄、红、白数种，亦有无花结白子者。
春秋采根，曝干。旧说此药有二种∶茎有刺者，根白实；无刺者，根虚软，以软者为胜。今
成德军所产者，根亦如山芋体硬，其苗引蔓，叶似荞麦，子三棱；不拘时月采其根，用利刀
切作片子，曝干用之。《正元广利方》疗丈夫腰脚痹缓急，行履不稳者。以萆 二十四分，
合杜仲八分，捣筛，每旦温酒和服三钱匕，增至五匕。禁食牛肉。又有萆 丸大方，功用亦
同。
石韦，生长在华山地区的山谷岩石上，如今在晋州、绛州、滁州、海州、福州、江宁府等地都有分布。它丛生在岩石上，叶片形状像柳叶，背面有毛，且斑点如同皮革纹理，因此得名，以听不到水声的地方所产者为佳。二月和七月采集叶片，阴干后使用。南方中医人将其炒成粉末，用冷酒调服，治疗发背（一种生于背部的痈疽）非常有效。石韦又名石皮。而福州有一种名为“石皮”的植物，三月开花，人们在该月采集其叶片煎煮成汤剂沐浴，主治风邪。还有一种生长在古老瓦房屋顶上的，名叫瓦韦，用于治疗淋证（小便不利、涩痛等症）效果也很好。
狗脊，生长在常山地区的山谷中，如今太行山、淄州、温州、眉州也有出产。根部呈黑色，长三到四寸，直径约两指宽；幼苗尖端细碎，呈青色，高度在一尺左右，不开花；其茎叶类似贯众但更细小；其根部长且多分枝，形状像狗的脊椎骨，因此得名。其肉质部分呈青绿色。春秋两季采集根部，晒干后使用。如今医方中也使用带有金色绒毛的品种。
萆薢，生长在真定地区的山谷中，如今河阳、陕州、京东路、荆州、蜀地各郡都有出产。根部呈黄白色，节多，直径约三指宽；幼苗和叶片均为青色，呈蔓生状，叶片分裂为三片，形状像山药，又有点像绿豆叶；花朵有黄色、红色、白色等多种颜色，也有不开花而结出白色种子的。春秋两季采集根部，晒干。旧时说这种药有两种：茎上有刺的，根部坚实洁白；无刺的，根部虚软，以质地软者为优。如今成德军所产的，根部也像山药一样质地坚硬，其苗蔓延生长，叶片像荞麦叶，种子呈三棱形；不拘泥于月份采集其根部，用利刀切成片状，晒干后使用。《正元广利方》中记载治疗男子腰脚痹缓急（腰部及下肢麻木无力、行动不便），行走不稳的情况。取萆薢二十四份，配合杜仲八份，捣碎过筛，每天早晨用温酒送服三钱匕的药量，可增至五钱匕。禁止食用牛肉。另有萆薢丸大方，功效也相同。
*Pyrrosiae Folium* (Shiwei), grows on rocks in the valleys of Mount Hua. It is now found in Jinzhou, Jiangzhou, Chuzhou, Haizhou, Fuzhou, and Jiangning Prefecture. It grows in clusters on rocks; the leaves are like willow leaves, with hairs on the back and spots resembling leather texture, hence its name. The best quality comes from places where no water sound can be heard. Leaves are harvested in February and July and dried in the shade for use. Southern TCM practitioners stir-fry it into powder, mix it with cold wine, and administer it orally; it is very effective in treating *Fabei* (a carbuncle/abscess occurring on the back). *Pyrrosiae Folium* is also known as *Shipi*. However, there is a plant in Fuzhou also called *Shipi*, which flowers in March. Its leaves are harvested in that month to decoct a bath soup, primarily used to treat wind pathogens. Another variety grows on old tiled roofs, named *Weiwei* (Lepisorus thunbergianus), which is also good for treating *Lin* syndrome (dysuria or painful urinary frequency).
*Weiwei* is documented under the entry for *Shiwei*.
*Cibotii Rhizoma* (Gouji), grows in the valleys of Mount Chang. It is now also produced in the Taihang Mountains, Zizhou, Wenzhou, and Meizhou. The rhizome is black, three to four cun long, and about two fingers wide in diameter. The sprouts are fine and fragmented, greenish, reaching a height of about one chi, without flowers. The stems and leaves resemble those of *Guanzhong* (Cyrtomium fortunei) but are finer. The rhizome is long and highly branched, resembling the spine of a dog, hence its name. The flesh inside is greenish-yellow. Roots are harvested in spring and autumn and sun-dried for use. Currently, varieties with golden hairs are also used in prescriptions.
*Dioscoreae Hypoglaucae Rhizoma* (Bixie), grows in the valleys of Zhending. It is now found in Heyang, Shanzhou, Jingdong Circuit, Jingzhou, and various commanderies in Shu. The rhizome is yellowish-white, with many nodes, about three fingers wide in diameter. The sprouts and leaves are all green, growing as vines. The leaves are trifoliate, resembling *Shanyu* (Dioscorea opposita) or similar to mung bean leaves. Flowers come in yellow, red, and white varieties; some do not flower but bear white seeds. Roots are harvested in spring and autumn and sun-dried. Old texts state there are two types of this herb: those with thorny stems have solid, white roots; those without thorns have hollow, soft roots, with the soft ones considered superior. However, the variety produced in Chengde Jun currently has roots as hard as *Shanyu*, with vining stems and leaves resembling buckwheat leaves, and triangular seeds. The roots are harvested at any time, sliced thinly with a sharp knife, and sun-dried for use. The *Zhengyuan Guangli Fang* records its use for treating men with *Yaojiao Bi huan ji* (numbness, weakness, and stiffness in the waist and legs, leading to unsteady gait). Take 24 parts of *Dioscoreae Hypoglaucae Rhizoma* combined with 8 parts of *Eucommiae Cortex* (Duzhong), pound and sieve them. Administer orally with warm wine every morning, starting with a dose of three *qianbi*, increasing up to five *qianbi*. Beef consumption is prohibited. There is also a large prescription formula called *Bixie Wan*, which has similar efficacy.