\r茺蔚子\ph108.bmp\r，生海滨池泽，今处处有之。谨按《毛诗》云∶中谷有 （他
回切）。《尔雅》云∶萑
（音佳）， 。郭璞云∶今茺蔚也。叶似荏，方茎白华，华生节间。陆机云∶《韩诗》及《三
苍》皆云∶ ，益母也。故曾子见之感恩。刘歆亦谓∶ ，臭秽。臭秽即茺蔚也。今园圃及
田野见者极多，形色皆如郭说。而苗叶上节节生花，实似鸡冠，子黑色，茎作四方棱。五月
采。又云九月采实，医方中稀见用实者。唐天后炼益母草泽面法，五月五日采根苗具者，勿
令着土，曝干捣罗，以水和之。令极熟，团之如鸡子大，再曝，仍作一炉，四曝开窍，上下
置火。安药中央，大火烧一炊，久即去大火，留小火养之，勿令绝。经一伏时出之，瓷器中
研治下筛，再研，三日收之，使如澡豆法。《广济方》疗小儿疳痢困垂死者，取益母草煮食
之，取足，瘥止，甚佳。韦丹治女子因热病，胎死腹中，捣此草并苗，令熟，以少许暖水和
，绞取汁，顿服，良。又主难产，捣取汁七大合，煎半，顿服，立下。无新者，以干者一大
握，水七合，煎服。又名郁臭草，又名苦低草。亦主马啮，细切此草，和醋炒，敷之良。
\r木香\ph109.bmp\r，生永昌山谷，今惟广州舶上有来者，他无所出。陶隐居云∶即
青木香也。根窠大类茄
子，叶似羊蹄而长大，花如菊，实黄黑。亦有叶如山芋，而开紫花者。不拘时月，采根芽为
药。以其形如枯骨者良。江淮间亦有此种，名土青木香，不堪入药用。伪蜀王昶苑中亦尝种
之，云苗高三、四尺，叶长八、九寸，皱软而有毛，开黄花，恐亦是土木香种也。《续传信
方》∶着张仲景青木香丸，主阳衰诸不足，用昆仑青木香，六路诃子皮各二十两，筛末，沙
糖和之。驸马都尉郑某忘其名，去沙糖，加羚羊角十二两，白蜜丸如梧子，空腹，酒下三十
丸，日再，其效甚速。然用药不类古方，而云仲景者，不知何从而得之邪。按《修养书》云
∶正月一日，取五木煮汤以浴，令人至老须发黑。徐锴注云∶道家谓青木香为五香，亦云五
木。道家多以此浴，当是其义也。又古方主痈疽五香汤中，亦使青木香。青木香名为五香，
信然矣。
【茺蔚子】生长在海边的池塘沼泽中，现在各地都有。谨按《毛诗》记载：山谷中有“䓈”（音同“他回切”）。《尔雅》记载：萑（音佳），即䓈。郭璞注释说：这就是现在的茺蔚。叶子像荏（一种植物），茎方形，开白花，花生长在节间。陆机说：《韩诗》和《三苍》都称它为“䓈”，也就是益母草。所以曾子见到它而感恩。刘歆也说：“䓈”，气味臭秽。气味臭秽就是茺蔚。现在菜园和田野里见到的非常多，形状颜色都像郭璞所说的那样。而且苗叶上节节生花，果实像鸡冠，种子黑色，茎呈四方棱形。五月采收。又说九月采收果实，医方中很少见到使用果实的。唐代武后炼制益母草泽面法，在五月五日采收根苗齐全的，不要让沾上泥土，晒干后捣碎过筛，用水调和。使其非常熟透，团成鸡蛋大小的丸，再次晒干，做成一个炉子，四面晒出孔窍，上下放置火。将药放在中央，用大火烧一顿饭的时间，久了就撤去大火，留小火温养，不要让它熄灭。经过一个伏时（约两小时）取出，在瓷器中研磨过筛，再研磨，收藏三天，使其像澡豆的方法。《广济方》治疗小儿疳痢困倦垂死的，取益母草煮食之，吃够量，病愈即止，效果很好。韦丹治疗女子因热病，胎死腹中，捣碎此草连同苗，煮熟，用少许温水调和，绞取汁液，一次服下，效果良好。又主治难产，捣取汁液七合，煎至半量，一次服下，胎儿立即落下。没有新鲜的，用干的一大握，水七合，煎服。又名郁臭草，又名苦低草。也主治马咬伤，细切此草，和醋炒制，敷贴效果良好。
【木香】生长在永昌的山谷中，现在只有广州海船带来，其他地方不出产。陶隐居说：就是青木香。根部块头大如茄子，叶子像羊蹄但更大更长，花像菊花，果实黄黑色。也有叶子像山芋，开紫花的。不拘时节，采收根芽入药。以形状像枯骨的好。江淮之间也有这种，名叫土青木香，不堪入药使用。伪蜀王昶苑中也曾经种植，说苗高三四尺，叶长八九寸，皱软而有毛，开黄花，恐怕也是土木香的品种。《续传信方》：张仲景的青木香丸，主治阳气衰弱诸不足，用昆仑青木香，六路诃子皮各二十两，筛成粉末，沙糖调和。驸马都尉郑某忘记他的名字，去掉沙糖，加羚羊角十二两，白蜜制成梧桐子大小的丸，空腹，酒送下三十丸，每天两次，效果很快。然而用药不像古方，却说是仲景的，不知从何而来。按《修养书》记载：正月一日，取五木煮汤沐浴，让人到老须发黑。徐锴注释说：道家称青木香为五香，也称五木。道家多用此沐浴，应当是这个意思。又古方主治痈疽五香汤中，也用青木香。青木香名为五香，确实如此了。
[Chongwei Zi (Leonuri Fructus)] Grows in ponds and marshes by the sea; it is now found everywhere. According to the *Book of Songs* (*Mao Shi*), it states: "In the valley there is [Chong] (pronounced 'ta hui'). The *Erya* states: 'Huan (pronounced 'jia'), which is [Chong].' Guo Pu commented: "This is Chongwei today. Its leaves resemble Ren (a type of plant), the stem is square, flowers are white, and they grow at the nodes." Lu Ji stated: "Both the *Han Shi* and *San Cang* call it [Chong], which is Yimucao (Motherwort). Therefore, Zengzi felt grateful upon seeing it." Liu Xin also said: "[Chong] has an offensive odor. The offensive odor refers to Chongwei." It is now seen very frequently in gardens and fields, with shape and color exactly as described by Guo Pu. Flowers grow node by node on the seedlings and leaves, the fruit resembles a cockscomb, the seeds are black, and the stem has four distinct ridges. Harvested in May. It is also said to be harvested in September for its fruit, but the fruit is rarely used in medical prescriptions. The method for refining Motherwort for facial care during the reign of Empress Wu of Tang involves harvesting complete roots and seedlings on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month, ensuring no soil adheres, drying them, pounding them into powder, and mixing with water until thoroughly blended. Form into pills the size of chicken eggs, dry again, and arrange in a furnace with ventilation holes on all four sides, placing fire above and below. Place the medicine in the center, burn with strong heat for the duration of one meal, then reduce to weak heat to maintain warmth without extinguishing. After one 'Fu' period (approx. two hours), remove it, grind in a porcelain vessel, sieve, grind again, and store for three days, similar to the preparation of bath beans. The *Guangji Fang* treats infants suffering from severe malnutrition dysentery nearing death by boiling and eating Motherwort; consume sufficient quantity until recovery, which is highly effective. Wei Dan treated women who died in utero due to febrile diseases by crushing the herb and its seedlings, cooking them thoroughly, mixing with a small amount of warm water, squeezing out the juice, and administering in one dose, which proved excellent. It also primarily addresses difficult labor; crush to obtain 7 he of juice, decoct to half volume, and administer in one dose, resulting in immediate delivery. If fresh material is unavailable, use a large handful of dried material, decoct with 7 he of water, and administer. Also known as Yuchou Cao (Stinking Grass) or Kudi Cao (Bitter Low Grass). It also treats horse bites by finely chopping the herb, stir-frying with vinegar, and applying externally, which is effective.
[Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix)] Grows in the valleys of Yongchang; currently, only those arriving via ships in Guangzhou are available, as it is not produced elsewhere. Tao Hongjing stated: "It is Qingmuxiang (Green Aucklandia)." The root tuber is roughly the size of an eggplant, leaves resemble Rumex but are larger and longer, flowers resemble chrysanthemums, and fruits are yellowish-black. There are varieties with leaves resembling sweet potatoes that bear purple flowers. Roots and buds are harvested for medicinal use regardless of the season. Those resembling dry bones are considered superior. In the Jianghuai region, a similar variety exists called Tuqingmuxiang (Local Green Aucklandia), which is unsuitable for medicinal use. Wang Chang of Former Shu once cultivated it in his garden, describing seedlings three to four chi high, leaves eight to nine cun long, wrinkled, soft, hairy, bearing yellow flowers; this is likely a variety of Tumu Xiang (Wood Aucklandia). The *Xu Chuanxin Fang* records Zhang Zhongjing's Qingmuxiang Wan (Green Aucklandia Pill), indicated for various deficiencies due to Yang decline. It uses Kunlun Qingmuxiang and Heqizi Pi (Pericarpium Chebulae) from six routes, twenty liang each, sifted into powder, and mixed with rock sugar. A certain Prince Consort surnamed Zheng (name forgotten) omitted the rock sugar, added twelve liang of Lingyangjiao (Saiga Antelope Horn), formed pills with white honey the size of wu zi (chickpeas), taken thirty pills on an empty stomach with wine, twice daily, yielding rapid effects. However, the prescription does not resemble ancient formulas, yet claims to be from Zhongjing; it is unknown how it was obtained. According to the *Xiuyang Shu* (Books of Cultivation): "On the first day of the first lunar month, take five woods to boil soup for bathing, causing hair and beard to remain black until old age." Xu Kai annotated: "The Daoists refer to Qingmuxiang as Wuxiang (Five Fragrances), also called Wumu (Five Woods). Daoists often use this for bathing, which must be the meaning." Furthermore, ancient prescriptions for the Five Fragrance Decoction for carbuncles and sores also utilize Qingmuxiang. That Qingmuxiang is named Wuxiang is indeed true."