泻，下气，散满
苦降能泻实满，辛温能散湿满（王好古曰∶《别录》言浓朴温中益气，消痰下气。果泄
气乎？益气乎？益与枳实、大黄同用，则泻实满，所谓消痰下气是也；与橘皮、苍术同用，
则除湿满，所谓温中益气是也。与解利药同用，则治伤寒头痛；与泻利药同用，则浓肠胃。
大抵味苦性温，用苦则泻，用温则补也。同大黄、枳实，即承气汤。同橘皮、苍术，即平胃
散。按∶胀满症多不同，清、补贵得其宜。气虚宜补气，血虚宜补血，食积宜消导，瘀滞宜
行痰，挟热宜清热，湿盛宜利湿，寒郁者散寒，怒郁者行气，蓄血者消瘀，不宜专用行散药。
亦有服参、 而胀反甚者，以挟食、挟血、挟热、挟寒，不可概作脾虚气弱治也）。入足太
阴、阳明（脾、胃）。平胃调中（佐苍术为平胃散。平湿土之太过，以致于中和），消痰化食，
浓肠胃，行结水，破宿血，杀脏虫。
治反胃呕逆，喘咳泻痢，冷痛霍乱。误服脱人元气，孕妇忌之。
榛树皮也，肉浓、紫润者良。去粗皮，姜汁炙，或醋炒用。干姜为使。恶泽泻、硝石。
忌豆，犯之动气。
泻气，行水，破胀，攻坚
苦温破滞，辛温散邪。泻胸中至高之气，使之下行。性如铁石，能坠诸药至于极下。攻
坚去胀，消食行痰，下水除风，杀虫醒酒。
治痰癖症结，瘴疠疟痢，水肿香港脚（香港脚冲心，尤须用之，童便、姜汁温酒调服）。治
大、小便气秘，里急后重（同木香用，木香能利气）。过服则损真气（岭南多瘴，以槟榔代
茶，其功有四∶醒能使醉，醉能使醒，饥能使饱，饱能使饥。然泄脏气，无瘴之地忌用）。
鸡心尖长，破之作锦纹者良（程星海曰∶阴毛生虱，也鲜良方，以槟榔煎水洗，即除。
又方，以心红擦之亦好）。
泻下，降气，消除胀满。
苦味能降泄实热导致的胀满，辛温之性能散除湿邪导致的胀满。（王好古说：《名医别录》记载浓朴能温中益气，消痰降气。这难道是耗气吗？还是补气呢？它与枳实、大黄配合使用，就能泻除实热胀满，这就是所谓的“消痰降气”；它与橘皮、苍术配合使用，就能祛除湿邪胀满，这就是所谓的“温中益气”。它与解表药配合使用，就能治疗伤寒引起的头痛；与止泻药配合使用，就能厚肠胃。大致来说，味苦性温，用苦味则能泻实，用温性则能补虚。与大黄、枳实同用，就是承气汤。与橘皮、苍术同用，就是平胃散。按语：胀满的病症大多不同，清法与补法贵在运用得当。气虚应当补气，血虚应当补血，食积应当消食导滞，瘀滞应当行气化痰，兼有热邪应当清热，湿盛应当利湿，寒邪郁结应当散寒，怒气郁结应当行气，蓄血应当化瘀，不适宜专门使用行气消散的药物。也有服用人参、白术后胀满反而加重的，这是因为兼夹食积、瘀血、热邪或寒邪，不能一概当作脾虚气弱来治疗）。归入足太阴脾经、足阳明胃经（脾、胃）。能平调脾胃（佐以苍术组成平胃散。平抑湿土之气的太过，从而达到中和的状态），消除痰饮，化除食积，厚肠胃，行散凝结的水饮，破除陈旧的血瘀，杀灭肠道寄生虫。
治疗反胃呕吐，气喘咳嗽，腹泻痢疾，冷痛霍乱。误服会损耗人的元气，孕妇忌用。
是榛树的树皮，肉质厚实、颜色紫润的为佳品。去除粗皮，用姜汁炙烤，或用醋炒后使用。干姜作为引经药。畏恶泽泻、硝石。
忌与豆类同用，否则会引起气机紊乱。
泻气，行水，破除胀满，攻逐坚积。
苦温能破滞气，辛温能散外邪。能泻除胸中至高之气，使其下行。药性如铁石般沉重，能使其他药物直达极下部。攻逐坚积，消除胀满，消食行痰，下水祛风，杀虫醒酒。
治疗痰癖症结，瘴气疟疾痢疾，水肿脚气（若脚气冲心，尤其需要使用此药，可用童便、姜汁和温酒调服）。治疗大、小便因气机阻滞而秘结，里急后重（与木香同用，木香能疏通气机）。过量服用会损伤真气（岭南地区多瘴气，当地人用槟榔代茶饮用，其功效有四条：醉时能使人清醒，醒时能使人微醉，饥时能使人饱腹，饱时能使人饥饿。然而它会泄脏气，在无瘴气的地方忌用）。
形状像鸡心，尖端细长，剖开后断面有锦纹样纹理的为佳品（程星海说：阴部生虱子，也没有更好的良方，用槟榔煎水清洗，即可去除。另一个方子，用槟榔的心红部分擦拭也很好）。
Purgation, descending Qi, and dispersing fullness.
The bitter flavor can purge excess fullness (Shi Man), while the acrid-warm nature can disperse dampness-induced fullness (Wang Haogu stated: *Bie Lu* records that Houpo warms the middle, benefits Qi, resolves phlegm, and descends Qi. Does this deplete or benefit Qi? When used with Zhishi and Dahuang, it purges excess fullness, which is referred to as "resolving phlegm and descending Qi"; when used with Chenpi and Cangzhu, it removes dampness-induced fullness, which is referred to as "warming the middle and benefiting Qi." When used with exterior-resolving herbs, it treats headache caused by Shanghan; when used with antidiarrheal herbs, it thickens the intestines and stomach. Generally speaking, the bitter flavor purges, while the warm nature tonifies. Combined with Dahuang and Zhishi, it forms Chengqi Tang. Combined with Chenpi and Cangzhu, it forms Pingwei San. Note: Abdominal distension and fullness vary greatly; clearing and tonifying methods must be applied appropriately. For Qi deficiency, tonify Qi; for Blood deficiency, tonify Blood; for food stagnation, promote digestion and guide out stagnation; for blood stasis and phlegm obstruction, move Qi and resolve phlegm; for heat accumulation, clear heat; for excessive dampness, promote urination to drain dampness; for cold constraint, dispel cold; for anger-related constraint, move Qi; for blood retention, resolve stasis. It is not advisable to exclusively use Qi-moving and dispersing herbs. There are cases where taking Renshen and Baizhu worsens distension due to concurrent food stagnation, blood stasis, heat, or cold, which should not be generally treated as Spleen Qi deficiency and weakness). Enters the Foot-Taiyin Splein Meridian and Foot-Yangming Stomach Meridian (Spleen, Stomach). It regulates the middle Jiao (when paired with Cangzhu to form Pingwei San, it balances the excess of Earth-Dampness to achieve harmony), resolves phlegm, transforms food stagnation, thickens the intestines and stomach, moves congealed fluids, breaks old blood stasis, and kills intestinal parasites.
Treats regurgitation and vomiting, wheezing and coughing, diarrhea and dysentery, cold pain and cholera. Misuse depletes Yuan Qi (Primordial Qi); contraindicated in pregnancy.
It is the bark of the Hazel tree (*Corylus heterophylla*). Those with thick flesh and a purple, moist appearance are superior. Remove the coarse outer bark, roast with Ginger Juice, or stir-fry with Vinegar. Ganjiang (Dried Ginger) serves as an assistant herb. It is incompatible with Zexie and Xiaoshi.
Contraindicated with beans, as they cause Qi disturbance.
Descends Qi, promotes water metabolism, breaks distension, and attacks hard accumulations.
The bitter-warm nature breaks stagnation, while the acrid-warm nature disperses pathogenic factors. It purges the highest Qi in the chest, causing it to descend downward. Its nature is heavy like iron and stone, capable of driving other herbs to the lowest parts of the body. It attacks hard accumulations, reduces distension, transforms food and moves phlegm, drains water, dispels wind, kills parasites, and awakens from intoxication.
Treats phlegm-rubella and nodular masses, malarial fevers and dysentery caused by miasma, edema, and Hongjiaojiao (Gouty arthritis/Chronic lower limb edema) (If Hongjiaojiao attacks the heart, this herb is especially necessary; mix with Tongbian [Child's urine], Jiangzhi [Ginger juice], and warm wine for administration). Treats constipation of large and small bowels due to Qi stagnation, and tenesmus (used with Muxiang, which benefits Qi movement). Overdose damages True Qi (In Lingnan, where miasma is prevalent, people drink Binlang as tea. Its four functions are: it awakens the intoxicated, intoxicates the sober, makes the hungry feel full, and makes the full feel hungry. However, it leaks Zang-Qi and is contraindicated in areas without miasma).
Those shaped like a chicken heart, long at the tip, and showing a brocade-like pattern when broken are superior (Cheng Xinghai said: For pubic lice, there is no better prescription than washing with a decoction of Binlang, which eliminates them. Another method is rubbing with the red center of the nut, which is also effective).