燥脾肾，补心肾
辛热。本脾药，兼入心、肾。主君相二火，补心气、命门、三焦之不足（心为脾母，补
火故能生土），能涩精固气（《本草》未载）。又能开发郁结，使气宣通（味辛能散），温中进
食，摄涎唾（胃冷则涎涌），缩小便（肾与膀胱相表里，益智辛温固肾。盐水炒，同乌药等
分，酒煮山药糊丸，盐汤下，名缩泉丸）。
治呕吐泄泻，客寒犯胃，冷气腹痛，崩带泄精（涩精固气。因热而崩浊者禁用）。
出岭南，形如枣核，用仁。
即缩砂
宣，行气，调中
辛温香窜。补肺益肾，和胃醒脾，快气调中，通行结滞。
治腹痛痞胀（痞滞，有伤寒下早里虚邪入而痞者；有食壅痰塞而痞者；有脾虚气弱而痞
者。须分虚实治之，不宜专用利气药，恐变为鼓胀。鼓胀，内胀而外有形；痞胀，惟觉痞闷
而已，皆太阴为病也），噎膈呕吐，上气咳嗽，赤白泻利（湿热积滞，客于大肠，砂仁亦入
大小肠经），霍乱转筋，奔豚崩带。祛痰逐冷，消食醒酒，止痛安胎（气行则痛止，气顺则
胎安），散咽喉口齿浮热，化铜铁骨鲠（王好古曰∶得檀香、豆蔻入肺，得人参、益智入脾，
得黄柏、茯苓入肾，得赤石脂入大、小肠。《医通》曰∶辛能润肾燥，引诸药归宿丹田，地
黄用之拌蒸，亦取其能达下也。《经疏》曰∶肾虚气不归元，用为向导。殆胜桂、附热药为
害）。
出岭南，研用。
燥湿健脾，温补肾阳。
味辛性热。本为脾经药物，兼入心、肾二经。主治君火与相火的亢盛，补益心气、命门之火及三焦之不足（心属土之母，补火故能生土），能够固涩精气（《本草》未记载此功效）。又能疏通郁结之气，使气机宣通畅达（因其味辛具有发散作用），温暖中焦以促进食欲，收摄涎唾（胃寒则涎液上涌），缩小便（肾与膀胱互为表里，益智仁辛温可固护肾脏。若用盐水炒制，与乌药等量，以酒煮山药糊制成丸剂，盐汤送服，名为缩泉丸）。
治疗呕吐泄泻，外感寒邪侵犯胃部，冷气引起的腹痛，妇女崩漏带下及男子滑精泄精（具有涩精固气之功。因热邪导致的崩漏浊下者禁用）。
产于岭南地区，形状像枣核，药用其仁。
即缩砂仁。
宣通气机，行气化滞，调和脾胃。
味辛性温，气味香烈窜透。补益肺气，滋助肾阴，和胃醒脾，顺气调中，通行凝结阻滞之气。
治疗腹痛痞满胀闷（痞滞证，有因伤寒误下导致里虚、邪气内陷而成痞者；有因食积壅塞、痰湿阻滞而成痞者；有因脾气虚弱、正气不足而成痞者。必须分辨虚实进行治疗，不宜专门使用破气利气之药，恐怕会转变为鼓胀病。鼓胀病，是内部胀满且外部可见形体改变；痞胀病，只是感觉痞闷而已，二者皆属于太阴经病变），噎膈呕吐，气逆咳嗽，赤白痢疾（湿热积滞客居于大肠，砂仁也能进入大小肠经），霍乱转筋，奔豚气及崩漏带下。祛除痰饮，驱逐寒冷，消食化积，解酒醒神，止痛安胎（气行则疼痛停止，气顺则胎儿安宁），疏散咽喉口齿的浮热，化解铜铁骨鲠（王好古说：砂仁得檀香、豆蔻可入肺经，得人参、益智仁可入脾经，得黄柏、茯苓可入肾经，得赤石脂可入大、小肠经。《医通》说：砂仁辛味能滋润肾燥，引导诸药归宿于丹田，地黄用它拌蒸，也是取其能下达下焦的作用。《经疏》说：肾虚导致气不归元时，用砂仁作为向导。这比桂枝、附子等热药的危害要小得多）。
产于岭南地区，需研碎后使用。
Dries the Spleen and Kidney, tonifies the Heart and Kidney.
Acrid and hot. Primarily a herb for the Spleen channel, it also enters the Heart and Kidney channels. It governs the hyperactivity of Ministerial Fire (Ministerial Fire) and Sovereign Fire (Sovereign Fire), tonifies deficiency in Heart Qi, Mingmen (Gate of Life), and Sanjiao (Triple Burner). (The Heart is the mother of the Earth element; tonifying fire generates earth), it can astringe essence and consolidate Qi (not recorded in *Bencao*). It can also resolve stagnation and depression, allowing Qi to circulate freely (its acrid flavor disperses), warms the Middle Jiao to promote appetite, controls saliva (cold in the Stomach causes salivation), and reduces urination (the Kidney and Bladder are interior-exteriorly related; Yizhi Ren is acrid and warm, consolidating the Kidney. When stir-fried with salt water, mixed in equal parts with Wuyao, boiled in wine with Chinese Yam paste to make pills, taken with salt water decoction, it is named Suoquan Wan).
Treats vomiting and diarrhea, external cold invading the Stomach, abdominal pain caused by cold Qi, metrorrhagia, leukorrhea, and seminal emission (astringes essence and consolidates Qi. Contraindicated for metrorrhagia and turbid discharge caused by heat).
Originates from Lingnan, shaped like a jujube pit, using the seed/kernel.
This is Suosha (Amomi Fructus Rotundus).
Disperses, moves Qi, harmonizes the Middle Jiao.
Acrid, warm, fragrant, and penetrating. Tonifies the Lung, benefits the Kidney, harmonizes the Stomach, awakens the Spleen, promotes Qi circulation, harmonizes the Middle Jiao, and unblocks stagnation.
Treats abdominal pain and distension (Stagnant fullness: there is stagnant fullness due to early purgation in Cold Damage leading to interior deficiency and pathogen invasion; there is stagnant fullness due to food accumulation and phlegm obstruction; there is stagnant fullness due to Spleen deficiency and weak Qi. One must differentiate between excess and deficiency for treatment; one should not exclusively use Qi-draining herbs, lest it transform into Drum Distension. Drum Distension involves internal distension with external visible swelling; Pi Distension is merely a sensation of fullness and oppression; both are diseases of the Taiyin). Treats dysphagia and vomiting, rebellious Qi and cough, bloody and white dysentery (damp-heat and stagnation lodging in the Large Intestine; Suosha also enters the Large and Small Intestine channels), cholera with muscle cramps, Ben Tun (Rushing Pig) syndrome, metrorrhagia, and leukorrhea. Expels phlegm and drives out cold, digests food, awakens from alcohol intoxication, stops pain, and calms the fetus (when Qi moves, pain stops; when Qi is smooth, the fetus is secure), dissipates floating heat in the throat and teeth, dissolves fish or bone bones stuck in the throat (Wang Haogu said: With Tanxiang and Doukou, it enters the Lung; with Renshen and Yizhi, it enters the Spleen; with Huangbai and Fuling, it enters the Kidney; with Chishizhi, it enters the Large and Small Intestines. *Yitong* said: Its acrid nature moistens Kidney dryness, guiding other herbs to return to the Dantian. When used with Dihuang for steaming, it is valued for its ability to reach the lower body. *Jingshu* said: For Kidney deficiency where Qi does not return to its root, it serves as a guide. This is less harmful than hot herbs like Guizhi and Fuzi).
Originates from Lingnan, used after grinding.