味苦，性寒，有小毒。入肝、肾二经。
肢节不利，肌体麻痹，脚膝软疼，缠绵风气。
能宣能补，故风家珍之。本草相传，功用甚奇。然近世服之，经年罕效。意者，制法未
尽善
欤？风气有分别欤？药产非道地欤？亦以见执方者之失也。
，长于理风湿，毕竟是祛邪之品，恃之为补，未敢信也。
味酸，性温，无毒。入肝经。陈者良。忌铁，去穣。
筋急者，得之即舒；筋缓者，遇之即利。湿痹可以兼攻，香港脚惟兹最要。
得东方之酸，故入厥阴治筋，非他药所能俦匹。东垣云∶“气脱能收，气滞能和，故于
筋急
、筋缓，两相宜耳。”
孟洗云∶“多食损齿及骨。”素问所谓阴之所生，本在五味，阴之所营，伤在五味，
五
味太过，则有增胜之忧也。
味苦、酸，性平，无毒。入肝、肾二经。恶龟甲，忌牛肉，酒蒸。
壮筋骨，利腰膝，除寒湿，解拘挛。益精强阴，通经堕胎。理膀胱气化迟难，引诸药
下行甚
捷。
肝为血海而主筋，血海得补则经通，而挛急者解矣。骨者，肾所司也；腰者，肾之府也；
精
者，肾所藏也；小便者，肾所主也。补肾则众疾咸安。寇宗 云∶“牛膝同苁蓉浸酒饮，益
肾。”堕胎者，以其破血下行耳。《石室秘录》云∶“牛膝乃引下之绝品”。
牛膝主用，多在肾肝下部，上焦药中勿入，气虚下陷，血崩不止者戒用。
味苦，性寒，有小毒。入肝、肾二经。
【杜仲】味道苦，性质寒凉，有轻微毒性。归入肝经和肾经。
肢节不利，肌体麻痹，脚膝软疼，缠绵风气。
（用于）治疗肢体关节活动不灵活，肌肉皮肤麻木，脚部膝盖软弱疼痛，以及久治不愈的风湿病邪。
能宣能补，故风家珍之。本草相传，功用甚奇。然近世服之，经年罕效。意者，制法未尽善欤？风气有分别欤？药产非道地欤？亦以见执方者之失也。
既能疏通又能补益，所以风湿病患者视其为珍宝。本草书中相传，其功效非常奇特。然而近代人服用它，经过多年往往很少见效。猜想是因为炮制方法不够完善呢？还是因为风湿病的类型有所区别呢？或者是药材产地不是地道产区呢？这也反映了拘泥于成方用药者的失误。
【续断】长于理风湿，毕竟是祛邪之品，恃之为补，未敢信也。
【续断】擅长调理风湿，但终究是祛除病邪的药物，依赖它来作为补益药使用，我不敢相信。
味酸，性温，无毒。入肝经。陈者良。忌铁，去穣。
【白芍】味道酸，性质温和，没有毒性。归入肝经。陈旧的药材效果更好。忌讳接触铁器，需去除中心木质部分（瓤）。
筋急者，得之即舒；筋缓者，遇之即利。湿痹可以兼攻，香港脚惟兹最要。
对于筋脉拘急痉挛的人，服用后立刻舒缓；对于筋脉弛缓无力的人，遇到它就能得到改善。湿邪引起的痹痛可以同时治疗，脚气病（香港脚）尤其以此药最为重要。
得东方之酸，故入厥阴治筋，非他药所能俦匹。东垣云∶“气脱能收，气滞能和，故于筋急、筋缓，两相宜耳。”
因为它获得了东方木行的酸味，所以进入足厥阴肝经治疗筋脉疾病，没有其他药物能与之匹敌。李东垣说：“气虚下陷时它能收敛固摄，气机阻滞时它能调和顺畅，所以对于筋脉拘急和筋脉弛缓两种情况，都非常适宜。”
孟洗云∶“多食损齿及骨。”素问所谓阴之所生，本在五味，阴之所营，伤在五味，五味太过，则有增胜之忧也。
孟洗说：“多吃会损伤牙齿和骨骼。”《素问》所说的阴精的生成，根本在于五味；阴精的调养，伤害也在于五味，五味如果过于偏盛，就会有克制过度而致病的忧虑。
味苦、酸，性平，无毒。入肝、肾二经。恶龟甲，忌牛肉，酒蒸。
【牛膝】味道苦、酸，性质平和，没有毒性。归入肝经和肾经。畏忌龟甲，忌讳食用牛肉，需用酒蒸制。
壮筋骨，利腰膝，除寒湿，解拘挛。益精强阴，通经堕胎。理膀胱气化迟难，引诸药下行甚捷。
能够强壮筋骨，便利腰膝，祛除寒湿，解除拘挛抽搐。补充精髓，增强阴气，通调月经并导致流产。调理膀胱气化功能迟缓困难，引导其他药物向下行经非常迅速。
肝为血海而主筋，血海得补则经通，而挛急者解矣。骨者，肾所司也；腰者，肾之府也；精者，肾所藏也；小便者，肾所主也。补肾则众疾咸安。寇宗 云∶“牛膝同苁蓉浸酒饮，益肾。”堕胎者，以其破血下行耳。《石室秘录》云∶“牛膝乃引下之绝品”。
肝是血海并且主管筋脉，血海得到补益则经脉通畅，拘挛抽搐的症状就会解除。骨骼由肾脏主管；腰部是肾脏的府邸；精髓是肾脏所储藏的；小便由肾脏所主宰。补肾则各种疾病都能安宁。寇宗奭说：“牛膝与肉苁蓉浸泡在酒中饮用，有益肾脏。”导致流产的原因，是因为它能破除瘀血并引导血液下行。《石室秘录》说：“牛膝是引导药力下行的极品。”
牛膝主用，多在肾肝下部，上焦药中勿入，气虚下陷，血崩不止者戒用。
牛膝的主要用途，多在肝肾的下部病变中使用，在上焦（心肺）的药物配伍中不要加入，气虚下陷、血崩不止的患者禁止使用。
[Kudzu Root] (Puerariae Radix) Bitter in taste, cold in nature, slightly toxic. Enters the Liver and Kidney meridians.
[Puerariae Radix] is bitter in taste, cold in nature, and possesses slight toxicity. It enters the Liver and Kidney meridians.
For limb and joint dysfunction, body numbness, soft and painful feet and knees, and lingering wind-dampness.
It is used for limb and joint stiffness, muscular and cutaneous numbness, weakness and pain in the feet and knees, and chronic wind-damp bi-syndrome.
It can disperse and tonify, thus it is cherished by those treating wind disorders. Pharmacopoeia traditions state its functions are very miraculous. However, in recent times, taking it often yields little effect even after years. One might wonder if the processing methods are imperfect? Or if there are distinctions in wind-damp pathogens? Or if the medicinal production is not from authentic geographical origins? This also reveals the errors of those who rigidly adhere to prescriptions.
It has both dispersing and tonifying properties, hence it is highly valued by practitioners treating wind disorders. Traditional materia medica records claim its efficacy is remarkable. Yet, contemporary usage often fails to produce results over long periods. Speculation arises regarding whether processing techniques are inadequate, whether wind-damp pathologies vary, or whether the herbs are not sourced from authentic regions. This highlights the mistakes of physicians who strictly follow fixed formulas without adaptation.
[Duanmu / Xu Duan] excels at managing wind-dampness; ultimately, it is a product that expels pathogens. Relying on it as a tonic is something I dare not believe.
[Dendrobii Caulis] (Xu Duan) is particularly effective in regulating wind-dampness. However, it is fundamentally an agent that expels pathogens; relying on it solely for tonification is unconvincing.
[Sour Flavor], warm in nature, non-toxic. Enters the Liver meridian. Aged material is superior. Avoid iron, remove the pith.
[White Peony Root] (Baishao) is sour in taste, warm in nature, and non-toxic. It enters the Liver meridian. Older stock is preferred. Iron should be avoided during processing, and the central pith must be removed.
For tendon tension, relief comes immediately upon ingestion; for tendon laxity, benefit is achieved upon encounter. Damp-bi can be attacked concurrently, and Hong Kong foot (Gout/Jamming) relies most heavily on this herb.
For conditions of tendon spasm/tightness, relaxation occurs promptly; for conditions of tendon flaccidity/laxity, improvement is gained. It can simultaneously address damp-bi syndromes and is crucial for treating Hong Kong foot (often referring to gout or metabolic joint issues).
Acquiring the sour flavor of the East, it enters the Jueyin [Liver] to treat tendons, unmatched by other herbs. Dongyuan said: "It can gather when Qi escapes, and harmonize when Qi stagnates, making it suitable for both tendon tension and tendon laxity."
By virtue of acquiring the sour attribute associated with the East (Wood element), it enters the Jueyin (Liver) meridian to treat tendon disorders, having no equal among other herbs. Li Dongyuan stated: "It can consolidate when Qi collapses and harmonize when Qi is stagnant, making it equally appropriate for both tendon tightness and tendon laxity."
Mengxi said: "Excessive consumption damages teeth and bones." Suwen states that the generation of Yin originates in the Five Flavors, and the nourishment of Yin is harmed by the Five Flavors; excessive Five Flavors lead to the danger of over-suppression.
Meng Xi noted: "Consuming too much harms the teeth and bones." The *Suwen* (Basic Questions) states that the generation of Yin essence stems from the Five Flavors, yet the nourishment of Yin can be damaged by them; if the Five Flavors are excessive, there is a risk of pathological over-accumulation or suppression.
[Bitter and Sour Flavor], neutral in nature, non-toxic. Enters the Liver and Kidney meridians. Adverse reaction with Tortoise Shell, avoid beef, steam with wine.
[Achyranthes Root] (Niuxi) is bitter and sour in taste, neutral in nature, and non-toxic. It enters the Liver and Kidney meridians. It is incompatible with Testudinis Carapax et Plastrum (Tortoise Shell), contraindicated with beef, and should be steamed with wine.
Strengthens sinews and bones, benefits waist and knees, eliminates cold-damp, resolves spasms. Benefits essence and strengthens Yin, unblocks menses, induces abortion. Regulates delayed/difficult bladder Qi transformation, guides other drugs downward swiftly.
It strengthens the sinews and bones, facilitates movement in the waist and knees, dispels cold-dampness, and relieves spasms. It enriches essence, strengthens Yin, unblocks menstrual channels, and can induce abortion. It regulates difficult or delayed bladder Qi transformation and acts as a potent guide to direct other herbs downward.
The Liver is the Sea of Blood and governs the sinews; when the Sea of Blood is tonified, the channels unblock, and spasms resolve. Bones are governed by the Kidney; the waist is the mansion of the Kidney; essence is stored by the Kidney; urination is controlled by the Kidney. Tonifying the Kidney brings peace to all these ailments. Kou Zongshi said: "Achyranthes combined with Cistanche soaked in wine drinks benefits the Kidney." The abortive effect is due to its ability to break blood stasis and guide flow downward. *Shishi Milu* says: "Achyranthes is the supreme product for guiding downward."
The Liver serves as the Sea of Blood and governs the sinews; tonifying the Sea of Blood ensures patent channels, thereby resolving spasms. Bones are under the jurisdiction of the Kidney; the waist is the residence of the Kidney; essence is stored within the Kidney; urination is governed by the Kidney. By tonifying the Kidney, various related disorders are pacified. Kou Zongshi remarked: "Drinking wine infused with Achyranthes and Cistanche benefits the Kidney." Its abortifacient property arises from its ability to invigorate blood circulation and direct flow downward. The *Shishi Milu* states: "Achyranthes is the premier herb for directing therapeutic actions downward."
The primary use of Achyranthes is mostly in the lower parts of the Liver and Kidney; do not include it in upper Jiao prescriptions. Contraindicated in cases of Qi deficiency with sinking and unremitting metrorrhagia.
The main applications of Achyranthes focus on the lower aspects of the Liver and Kidney systems; it should not be included in prescriptions targeting the Upper Jiao. It is contraindicated in patients with Qi deficiency leading to sinking sensations or those suffering from continuous uterine bleeding (metrorrhagia).