味苦，性平，无毒。入肝、肾二经，萆 为使。锉，焙。
强筋最奇，壮骨独异，男子腰脚软疼，女人关节不利。
状如狗之脊，故名狗脊，以形得名也。别名扶筋，以功得名也。
味辛，性温，无毒。入肾、肝二经。远志为使。恶玄参。
明目舒筋，归功于藏血之海。益精缩便，得力于闭蛰之官。风湿宜求，疝家必选。
五加皮，服食家夸之不已，尝曰∶宁得一把五加，不用金玉满车。虽词多溢美，必非无
因，
而获此誉也。
下部无风寒湿邪而有火，及肝肾虚而有火者，皆忌之。
味辛、苦，性温，无毒。入肝、肾二经。关中者佳。
利皮毛筋骨，治风痹内伤。男子阳衰堪酌服，妇人阴冷可频尝。
今人不用，以药性论有阴痿之说耳。不知能令肾强。人或借此纵欲，以致痿弱，岂其咎
哉。
味微苦，性平，无毒。入肝、脾二经。
祛风湿，利关节。肩臂酸疼，肌肤麻木。
此物性极平和，可久服，亦可泡酒频饮。
味苦，性平，无毒。入肝经。忌火。
和血脉，充肌肤，而齿发坚长。舒筋络，利关节，而痹痛捐除。安胎简用，崩漏征医。
能益血，兼能去湿，故功效如上。海外深山、地暖不蚕、桑无采捋之苦，气化浓密，自
然生
出。有言鸟衔他子，遗树而生者，非也。
味苦，性平，无毒。入肝、肾二经，萆薢（Bixie, 粉防己科植物粉防己的根茎）为使药。切碎，焙干。
强筋效果最奇，壮骨功效独特，治疗男子腰脚软弱疼痛，女子关节活动不利。
形状像狗的脊背，所以名叫狗脊，这是以形状得名。别名扶筋，这是以功效得名。
味辛，性温，无毒。入肾、肝二经。远志（Yuanzhi, 远志科植物远志或卵叶远志的根）为使药。忌与玄参（Xuanshen, 玄参科植物玄参的根）同用。
明目舒筋，归功于肝脏藏血的功能；益精缩尿，得力于肾脏封藏的作用。风湿痹痛适宜选用，疝气患者必选此药。
五加皮（Wujiapi, 五加科植物细柱五加的根皮），服食养生的人对它称赞不已，曾说：“宁可得到一把五加皮，不用装满车的金玉。”虽然言辞多有溢美之嫌，但必定不是没有原因才获得这种声誉的。
下部没有风寒湿邪而有火热，以及肝肾阴虚而有虚火者，都忌用。
味辛、苦，性温，无毒。入肝、肾二经。关中地区出产的较好。
利皮毛筋骨，治疗风痹和内伤。男子阳气衰弱可斟酌服用，妇人阴部寒冷可频繁品尝。
现在人们不使用它，是因为药性论述中有导致阳痿的说法罢了。不知道它能令肾气强健。有人借此放纵欲望，以致导致痿弱，这难道是他的过错吗？
味微苦，性平，无毒。入肝、脾二经。
祛风湿，利关节。治疗肩臂酸痛，肌肤麻木。
此物药性极其平和，可以久服，也可以泡酒频繁饮用。
味苦，性平，无毒。入肝经。忌用火制。
调和血脉，充盈肌肤，从而使牙齿头发坚固生长。舒展筋络，利关节，从而痹痛消除。安胎简便选用，崩漏病症寻求医治。
能益血，兼能去湿，所以功效如上所述。海外深山，地气温暖不蚕桑，桑树没有采摘之苦，气化浓密，自然生出。有人说鸟儿衔来其他种子遗落在树上而生出，这是不对的。
味苦，性温，无毒。入肝、肾二经。
舒展筋脉，止住四肢关节的疼痛，去除湿气，搜剔骨肉间的邪风。
苦燥温通，能燥除血中的湿气，所以阴亏血虚者不宜多用。
Bitter in flavor, neutral in nature, non-toxic. Enters the Liver and Kidney meridians. Bixie (Dioscorea hypoglauca rhizome) serves as the guiding herb. Cut into pieces and roasted.
Its ability to strengthen sinews is most remarkable, and its efficacy in fortifying bones is unique. It treats softness and pain in the waist and feet of men, and joint dysfunction in women.
Its shape resembles the spine of a dog, hence the name Gouji (Cibotii Rhizoma), named after its form. Its alias Fujin (Support Sinew) is named after its function.
Pungent in flavor, warm in nature, non-toxic. Enters the Kidney and Liver meridians. Yuanzhi (Polygalae Radix) serves as the guiding herb. Avoid using with Xuanshen (Scrophulariae Radix).
Clarifying vision and soothing sinews are attributed to the sea that stores blood (the Liver). Benefiting essence and reducing urination relies on the official that seals and stores (the Kidney). It is suitable for wind-dampness; it must be selected by patients with hernia.
Wujiapi (Acanthopanacis Cortex) is endlessly praised by those who consume herbs for longevity. They once said: "Better to have a handful of Wujiapi than a cart full of gold and jade." Although the words may be overly flattering, there must be a reason for this reputation.
It is contraindicated in cases where there is no wind-cold-dampness pathogen in the lower body but there is fire-heat, or in cases of Liver-Kidney deficiency with fire-heat.
Pungent and bitter in flavor, warm in nature, non-toxic. Enters the Liver and Kidney meridians. Those from the Guanzhong region are superior.
Benefiting skin, hair, tendons, and bones; treating wind-bi and internal injury. Men with declining yang qi may take it with discretion; women with coldness in the yin region may taste it frequently.
People nowadays do not use it because pharmacological discussions mention it causes impotence. They do not know it can strengthen the Kidney. If people borrow this to indulge their desires, leading to flaccidity, is that really their fault?
Slightly bitter in flavor, neutral in nature, non-toxic. Enters the Liver and Spleen meridians.
Expelling wind-dampness and benefiting joints. Treating soreness and pain in the shoulders and arms, and numbness of the skin and muscles.
This substance has an extremely mild nature, suitable for long-term consumption, and can also be infused in wine for frequent drinking.
Bitter in flavor, neutral in nature, non-toxic. Enters the Liver meridian. Avoid processing with fire.
Harmonizing the blood vessels and filling the skin and muscles, thereby making teeth and hair firm and long. Soothing the sinews and collaterals, benefiting the joints, thereby eliminating bi-pain. Simply used for calming the fetus; sought after in treatment for metrorrhagia and metrostaxis.
It can tonify blood and simultaneously remove dampness, hence the aforementioned effects. In deep mountains overseas, where the climate is warm and silkworms are not raised, and mulberry trees suffer no hardship of picking, the qi transformation is dense, causing them to grow naturally. Some say birds carry other seeds and leave them on trees to grow; this is incorrect.
Bitter in flavor, warm in nature, non-toxic. Enters the Liver and Kidney meridians.
Soothing sinews and stopping pain in the limbs and joints; removing dampness and searching out wind from bones and flesh.
Being bitter, drying, and warm-unblocking, it can dry dampness within the blood; therefore, those with yin deficiency and blood deficiency should not use it excessively.