味甘，性平，无毒。入脾、肾二经。
能利水消肿，治面浮腹大。
陈瓢，亦与之同功。
味苦，性平，无毒。入肝、肾、膀胱三经。薏苡为使。
恶葵根，大黄、柴胡、前胡。
祛风而通经络，利湿而厘清浊。主风寒湿痹，腰膝作疼，五淋恶疮，茎中刺痛。既可去
膀胱
宿水，又能止失溺便频。
萆 本除风湿，如阴虚火炽，溺有余沥，及无湿而肾虚腰痛皆禁。
味苦，性寒，无毒。入膀胱经。
利水破血，出刺堕胎。消肿决痈，明目去翳。降心火，利小肠。疏癃结而治淋，逐膀胱
之邪
热。
八正散用为利小便之主药。若心虽热而小肠虚者忌服。恐心热未除，而小肠复病矣。去
刺者
，拔肉刺也。
味苦，性平，无毒。入膀胱经。
利水治癃淋，杀虫理疮疾。
治癃及疮，皆去湿热也。
蓄直逐，不能益人，不宜恒用。
味甘、苦，性微寒，无毒。入肺、膀胱二经。杏仁、滑石、射干为使。
清肺金以资化源，通膀胱而利水道。面浮腰酸溲浑，极宜用也。肺热咳嗽躁烦，亦可投
之。
本药多与车前或滑石为伍，其效更着。
味甘，性寒，无毒。入小肠、膀胱二经。
除湿热、消肿满。清血分，利水道。
产于黔中及河南，收曝日中，小干，以纸衬之，以杖击之，有细沙落纸上，且曝且击，
以净
为度。性不野狼戾，惟热在太阳经血分者宜之。
味甘，性平，无毒。入脾、肾二经（药物归经指药物对机体某部分的选择性作用，此处指主要作用于脾脏和肾脏）。
能利水消肿，治疗面部浮肿、腹部胀大。
陈瓢（陈旧的葫芦瓢），也具有同样的功效。
味苦，性平，无毒。入肝、肾、膀胱三经。以薏苡仁为使药。
忌与葵根、大黄、柴胡、前胡同用。
祛除风邪而疏通经络，利湿浊而分清别浊。主治风寒湿痹阻引起的关节疼痛，腰膝酸痛，五种淋证及恶疮，尿道中刺痛。既能去除膀胱内的陈旧积水，又能治疗尿失禁及小便频数。
萆薢（Bixie）能祛除风湿，但若属阴虚火旺、小便淋漓不尽，以及无湿邪而因肾虚导致的腰痛，均禁用。
味苦，性寒，无毒。入膀胱经。
利水破血，有刺且可致堕胎。消肿排脓，明目去翳障。降心火，利小肠。疏通癃闭结滞而治疗淋证，驱逐膀胱的邪热。
八正散（Bazheng San, Eight-Ingredient Decoction for Rectification）将其作为通利小便的主药。若心虽热但小肠虚者忌服。担心心热未除，反而导致小肠病变。去除其刺，是为了拔除肉中的刺。
味苦，性平，无毒。入膀胱经。
利水治疗癃闭及淋证，杀虫并调理疮疾。
治疗癃闭及疮疾，都是去除湿热所致。
蓄积直逐（此处疑为“蓄积”或特定药名误植，依文意理解为清除蓄积之邪），不能补益人体，不宜长期服用。
味甘、苦，性微寒，无毒。入肺、膀胱二经。以杏仁、滑石、射干为使药。
清肃肺金以资助化源（津液生成之源），通利膀胱而畅通水道。对于面部浮肿、腰酸、小便浑浊者，极宜使用。肺热咳嗽伴烦躁者，也可投用此药。
本药多与车前子或滑石配伍，疗效更为显著。
味甘，性寒，无毒。入小肠、膀胱二经。
除湿热、消肿满。清血分湿热，利水道。
产于黔中及河南地区，采收后在阳光下曝晒至半干，用纸垫衬，用杖敲击，若有细沙落在纸上，边晒边敲，以干净为度。药性不猛烈狂野，只有热邪在太阳经血分者适宜使用。
Sweet in flavor, neutral in nature, non-toxic. Enters the Spleen and Kidney meridians (Meridian tropism refers to the selective action of herbs on specific parts of the body; here it indicates primary action on the Spleen and Kidney).
Can promote diuresis and reduce edema, treating facial puffiness and abdominal distension.
Chenpiao (old gourd ladle) possesses the same efficacy.
Bitter in flavor, neutral in nature, non-toxic. Enters the Liver, Kidney, and Bladder meridians. Yi Yi Ren (Coix Seed) serves as the guiding herb.
Contraindicated with Kui Gen (Malva Root), Da Huang (Rhubarb), Chai Hu (Bupleurum), and Qian Hu (Peucedanum).
Dispels wind and unblocks collaterals, promotes dampness removal and distinguishes clear from turbid fluids. Mainly treats Bi syndrome caused by wind-cold-dampness, pain in the lower back and knees, five types of strangury (Linzhuang), foul sores, and stinging pain in the urethra. It can eliminate old water retention in the Bladder and treat urinary incontinence and frequent urination.
Bi Xie (Dioscorea Hypoglauca Rhizome) dispels wind-dampness. However, it is contraindicated in cases of Yin deficiency with blazing fire, dribbling urine after voiding, and lumbar pain due to Kidney deficiency without dampness.
Bitter in flavor, cold in nature, non-toxic. Enters the Bladder meridian.
Promotes diuresis and breaks blood stasis; has spines and can induce abortion. Reduces swelling and expels pus, brightens the eyes and removes nebula. Descends Heart fire and benefits the Small Intestine. Unblocks strangury obstruction and treats strangury, driving out pathogenic heat from the Bladder.
Ba Zheng San (Eight-Ingredient Decoction for Rectification) uses it as the principal herb for promoting urination. If the Heart is hot but the Small Intestine is deficient, it is contraindicated. One fears that while Heart heat is not eliminated, the Small Intestine may become diseased. Removing the spines is to extract splinters from the flesh.
Bitter in flavor, neutral in nature, non-toxic. Enters the Bladder meridian.
Promotes diuresis to treat strangury and obstructed urination, kills parasites and manages sores.
Treating strangury and sores both involves removing damp-heat.
[Text unclear/likely typo "Xu Zhi Zhu", interpreted as clearing accumulation] cannot tonify the human body and should not be used continuously.
Sweet and bitter in flavor, slightly cold in nature, non-toxic. Enters the Lung and Bladder meridians. Xing Ren (Apricot Seed), Hua Shi (Talcum), and She Gan (Belamcanda Rhizome) serve as guiding herbs.
Clears Lung Metal to nourish the source of transformation (source of fluid generation), unblocks the Bladder and benefits the water passages. Highly suitable for facial puffiness, sore waist, and turbid urine. For cough due to Lung heat accompanied by restlessness, this herb can also be administered.
This herb is often combined with Che Qian Zi (Plantago Seed) or Hua Shi (Talcum), making its effect more pronounced.
Sweet in flavor, cold in nature, non-toxic. Enters the Small Intestine and Bladder meridians.
Removes damp-heat, reduces swelling and fullness. Clears damp-heat from the Blood level, benefits the water passages.
Produced in Qianzhong and Henan regions. After harvest, it is sun-dried until semi-dry, lined with paper, and beaten with a stick. If fine sand falls onto the paper, continue drying and beating until clean. The nature of the drug is not fierce or wild; it is suitable only when heat resides in the Blood level of the Taiyang meridian.