【气味】
苦温无毒。可升可降。阳中阴也。
【主治】
宣通五脏。去腹内冷滞心膈痰水。推新旧积。散皮肤大肠风邪。祛久积瘕症 癖。
膀胱宿脓恶水。威灵仙属木。乃治痛风之要药。其性好走。亦可横行腰肾脚膝。积聚肠内诸
冷病。服之无不立效。然久服恐损真气。须知其性太疏利也。
【气味】
辛温无毒。轻清上浮而升。阴中阳也。入足厥阴少阴血分。为手少阴引经之药。（
入煎剂不可过一钱。多则令人气闷。）
【主治】
散咳逆头痛风湿痹痛。温中下气。益肝胆明目。利九窍。治恶风头风。止迎风泪下
。除齿痛。故水停心下不行。则肾气燥。宜细辛之辛。以行水气而润燥。邪气自里之表。则
胆气不足。用麻黄附子细辛汤以清少阴之症。
恶（山茱萸 黄 ） 忌（生茱） 畏（滑石） 反（藜芦）
【气味】
微温无毒。可升可降。阳也。入足太阴厥阴少阴三经。
【主治】
灸百病。利阴气。生肌肉。辟风寒。止腹痛安胎。妇人带下。逐冷除湿。入火灸
则气下行。入药服则气上行。艾附丸治心腹小腹诸痛。调女人诸病。胶艾汤治虚痢及妊娠产
后下血。老人丹田气弱。脐腹畏冷者。以熟艾入布袋兜其脐腹。寒湿香港脚。以此夹入袜内。
俱有奇功。或言其辛热久服火生。不知妄意求嗣之人。以辛热过剂。投以艾料。不谓诸药太
辛。归咎于艾。夫岂艾之为罪耶。
【气味】
味苦，性温，无毒。药性既可上升也可下降，属于阳中有阴的性质。
【主治】
能宣通五脏功能，消除腹部内的冷积停滞以及心膈部位的痰饮积水，推荡新旧形成的积滞，驱散皮肤和大肠的风邪，祛除长期积累的瘕症和癖块（腹内结块）。清除膀胱中滞留的脓液和恶水。威灵仙归属于木行，是治疗痛风的重要药物。其药性善于走窜，也能横行作用于腰、肾、脚、膝部位。对于积聚在肠内的各种寒性病证，服用后无不立即见效。然而，长期服用恐怕会损伤人体的真气，必须知道它的性质过于疏通利泄。
【气味】
味辛，性温，无毒。药性轻清上浮而主升，属于阴中有阳的性质。入足厥阴肝经和足少阴肾经的血分，作为手少阴心经的引经药。（入煎剂时用量不可超过一钱，多了会导致人气闷。）
【主治】
疏散咳嗽气逆、头痛、风湿痹痛。温暖中焦，降逆下气，补益肝胆，明目，通畅九窍。治疗恶风头风（头部受风引起的疾病），止住迎风流泪。消除齿痛。因此，如果水饮停聚在心下不能运行，就会导致肾气干燥，适宜用细辛的辛味来行水气并滋润燥热。如果邪气从体内向体表传变，导致胆气不足，使用麻黄附子细辛汤来清除少阴经的病证。
畏恶关系：畏山茱萸、黄芩；忌生茱萸；畏滑石；反藜芦。
【气味】
微温，无毒。药性既可上升也可下降，属于阳性。入足太阴脾经、足厥阴肝经和足少阴肾经三条经脉。
【主治】
艾灸可治疗百病，利于阴气，促进肌肉生长，辟除风寒，停止腹痛，安胎。治疗妇女带下病，驱逐寒冷湿气。进入火中艾灸则药气下行，入药内服则药气上行。艾附丸用于治疗心腹和小腹的各种疼痛，调理妇女的各种疾病。胶艾汤用于治疗虚损痢疾以及妊娠产后出血。老年人丹田气弱，脐腹部怕冷的，将熟艾装入布袋兜住脐腹部。寒湿引起的脚气病，将此夹入袜内，都有奇效。有人说它辛热，久服会产生火邪。不知道那些妄图求子的患者，因为过量使用辛热药物，投以艾料，不认为是其他药物太辛热，反而归咎于艾草。这难道是艾草的罪过吗？
[Flavor and Nature]
Bitter, warm, non-toxic. Its action can ascend or descend; it is yang within yin.
[Indications]
It promotes the free flow of the five zang organs, eliminates cold stagnation in the abdomen, and phlegm-fluid retention in the heart and diaphragm. It pushes out old and new accumulations, disperses wind-pathogens in the skin and large intestine, and resolves long-standing jia masses (abdominal lumps) and pi masses. It clears retained pus and foul fluids in the bladder. Weilingxian (Clematis Root) belongs to the Wood element and is a key herb for treating gout. Its nature is agile and penetrating, capable of moving horizontally through the waist, kidneys, legs, and knees. For various cold diseases accumulated in the intestines, its administration yields immediate effects. However, prolonged use may damage true qi; one must recognize that its nature is too dispersing and draining.
[Flavor and Nature]
Pungent, warm, non-toxic. Light, clear, and floating upward, ascending; it is yin within yang. It enters the blood aspect of the Foot Jueyin Liver Meridian and Foot Shaoyin Kidney Meridian, serving as a guiding herb for the Hand Shaoyin Heart Meridian. (When decocted, the dosage should not exceed one qian; excessive amounts cause chest stuffiness.)
[Indications]
It disperses cough with rebellious qi, headache, and bi-syndrome caused by wind-dampness. It warms the middle jiao, directs qi downward, benefits the liver and gallbladder, brightens the eyes, and unblocks the nine orifices. It treats head wind and facial wind, stops tearing induced by wind exposure, and relieves toothache. Therefore, when fluid retention occurs below the heart and fails to circulate, leading to dryness of kidney qi, the pungency of Xixin (Asarum) is suitable to move fluid qi and moisten dryness. When pathogens move from the interior to the exterior, resulting in insufficient gallbladder qi, Mahuang Fuzi Xixin Tang (Ephedra, Aconite, and Asarum Decoction) is used to clear Shaoyin syndrome.
Adverse interactions: Feared by Cornus Officinalis Fruit (Shanzhuyu) and Scutellaria Baicalensis Root (Huangqin); contraindicated with raw Ziziphus Jujube Seed (Ruzhu); feared by Talcum (Huashi); opposed to Veratrum Nigrum Rhizome (Lilu).
[Flavor and Nature]
Slightly warm, non-toxic. Its action can ascend or descend; it is yang. It enters the Foot Taiyin Spleen Meridian, Foot Jueyin Liver Meridian, and Foot Shaoyin Kidney Meridian.
[Indications]
Moxibustion with Aiye (Artemisia Leaf) treats myriad diseases, benefits yin qi, promotes muscle growth, repels wind-cold, stops abdominal pain, calms the fetus, and treats leukorrhea in women. It expels cold and removes dampness. When used for moxibustion, its qi descends; when taken orally as medicine, its qi ascends. Aifu Wan (Ai and Cinnamon Pill) treats various pains in the epigastrium and lower abdomen and regulates various female disorders. Jiao'ai Tang (Donkey-hide Gelatin and Mugwort Decoction) treats deficiency-type dysentery and postpartum bleeding during pregnancy. For elderly individuals with weak qi in the dantian and cold intolerance in the umbilical and abdominal regions, cooked Aiye placed in a cloth bag to cover the umbilicus and abdomen is effective. For cold-dampness-induced podagra (foot qi), placing it inside socks yields remarkable results. Some claim that due to its pungent and hot nature, prolonged use generates fire. They fail to realize that those recklessly seeking conception often overdose on pungent and hot substances, including mugwort, and mistakenly blame the mugwort rather than recognizing that other herbs were excessively pungent. Is this the fault of mugwort?