（其本原从波斯国来。不可复得。今以中国靛花为之。否则以青布烧灰可代。以靛充用
。恐有锻石。）
【气味】
咸寒无毒。
【主治】
解诸药毒。小儿诸热惊痫发热。同鸡子白大黄末敷疮痈蛇虺蜇毒。泻肝散五脏郁火
。
【气味】
甘淡寒无毒。阳中之阴。降也。
【主治】
色白而气寒。味淡而体轻。故入太阴肺经。引热下降而利小便。入阳明胃经。
通气上达而下乳汁。
【气味】
苦涩大寒无毒。沉而降。阴也。入足厥阴气分。
【主治】
益肝胆气。止惊惕。明目止烦。小儿惊痫。除下部风湿，除湿热。脐以下至足肿痛
。酒浸则能上行外行。为柴胡使。泄火而疗眼中疾。相火寄旺于肝胆。龙胆能泻肝胆之热邪
。而泻即是补也。但大苦大寒。过服恐伤胃中生发之气。反助火邪。亦犹过服黄连反从火
化之义。
恶（地黄）
【气味】
苦寒无毒。阴也。
【主治】
解烦渴。行津液。心中枯涸者。非此不能除。与辛酸药为佐使。导肿气乳痈痔 疮
疖。
【气味】
苦微寒无毒。阳中之阴。入太阳经。胃虚人不可服。恐生痰疾。
【主治】
明目坚齿。利九窍。头痛脑鸣。目翳泪出。散风邪。凉诸经血。止目睛内痛。搜肝
风。盖蔓荆实气清味辛。体轻而浮。上行而散。故所主皆头面风虚之症也。
（蔓荆子的本源来自波斯国，现已无法再获得。现在使用中国的靛花来制作，否则可以用青布烧成灰来代替。如果用靛蓝冒充药用，恐怕含有锻石。）
【气味】
咸味，性寒，无毒。
【主治】
解除各种药物的毒性。治疗小儿各种热症引起的惊风、癫痫和发热。与鸡蛋清和大黄末混合外敷，可治疗疮疡痈肿以及蛇蝎咬伤的毒害。泻肝火，疏散五脏的郁结之火。
【主治】
颜色白而气寒，味道淡而质地轻。因此进入足太阴肺经，引导热邪下降并通利小便。进入足阳明胃经，使气机通畅上达从而促进乳汁下行。
【气味】
苦涩味，大寒，无毒。性质沉而降，属于阴。进入足厥阴肝经的气分。
【主治】
补益肝胆之气。制止惊悸惕惧。明目并消除烦躁。治疗小儿惊风癫痫。清除下部的风湿，去除湿热。治疗肚脐以下至足部的肿痛。用酒浸泡后能上行并向外发散。作为柴胡的引药。泄火从而治疗眼疾。相火寄旺于肝胆。龙胆草能泻肝胆的热邪。而泻火即是补益。但是大苦大寒，过量服用恐怕损伤脾胃中升发之气，反而助长火邪。这也如同过量服用黄连反而从火化的道理一样。
畏恶（地黄）
【气味】
苦味，性寒，无毒。属于阴。
【主治】
解除烦渴。运行津液。心中枯涸者，非此药不能清除。与辛味、酸味药物作为佐使药，引导肿胀之气，治疗乳痈、痔疮、疖子。
【气味】
苦味，微寒，无毒。属于阳中之阴。进入足太阳膀胱经。胃虚的人不可服用，恐怕产生痰疾。
【主治】
明目坚固牙齿。通利九窍。治疗头痛脑鸣、目生翳膜、流泪。疏散风邪。凉诸经之血。止住眼球内部疼痛。搜剔肝风。大概蔓荆实气味清纯，味道辛，质地轻而浮，上行而发散。所以所主治的都是头面部风虚的病症。
(The original source of this herb came from Persia and is no longer obtainable. Currently, Chinese indigo flowers are used for its preparation; otherwise, ash from burnt blue cloth can serve as a substitute. Using indigo dye to adulterate it may contain calcined alum.)
[Flavor and Nature]
Salty, cold, non-toxic.
[Indications]
Resolves toxicity of various medicines. Treats pediatric heat syndromes manifesting as fright, epilepsy, and fever. Applied externally mixed with egg white and powdered Rhizoma et Radix Imperatae (or similar bitter cold herb like Dahuang) for sores, carbuncles, and venomous bites from snakes or scorpions. Drains Liver fire and disperses stagnant fire in the five Zang organs.
[Flavor and Nature]
Sweet and bland, cold, non-toxic. It belongs to Yin within Yang. Its nature is descending.
[Indications]
Its color is white and its qi is cold; its flavor is bland and its substance is light. Therefore, it enters the Foot-Taiyin Lung Meridian, guiding heat downward to promote urination. It enters the Foot-Yangming Stomach Meridian, promoting the free flow of Qi upward to facilitate lactation.
[Flavor and Nature]
Bitter and astringent, intensely cold, non-toxic. It is heavy and descending, belonging to Yin. It enters the Qi level of the Foot-Jueyin Liver Meridian.
[Indications]
Benefits the Qi of the Liver and Gallbladder. Stops fright and tremors. Brightens the eyes and relieves irritability. Treats pediatric fright and epilepsy. Clears damp-heat from the lower body, treating swelling and pain from the navel down to the feet. When soaked in wine, it can ascend and move outward. It acts as an assistant to Chaihu (Radix Bupleuri). It drains fire and treats eye diseases. The Ministerial Fire resides in the Liver and Gallbladder. Longdancao (Radix Gentianae) drains the heat pathogen of the Liver and Gallbladder. Thus, draining fire is equivalent to tonification. However, due to its intense bitterness and coldness, excessive consumption may damage the ascending and generating Qi of the Spleen and Stomach, potentially exacerbating fire pathogens. This is analogous to the principle that excessive use of Huanglian (Rhizoma Coptidis) may transform into fire.
Incompatible with (Rehmanniae Radix Preparata).
[Flavor and Nature]
Bitter, cold, non-toxic. Belonging to Yin.
[Indications]
Relieves thirst and irritability. Promotes the circulation of Body Fluids. For cases of dryness and depletion in the Heart, this herb is indispensable. Used as an assistant or guide with acrid and sour herbs to direct swelling and treat mammary abscesses, hemorrhoids, and furuncles.
[Flavor and Nature]
Bitter, slightly cold, non-toxic. Belonging to Yin within Yang. Enters the Foot-Taiyang Bladder Meridian. It should not be taken by individuals with Spleen-Stomach deficiency, as it may generate phlegm-disease.
[Indications]
Brightens the eyes and strengthens teeth. Opens the nine orifices. Treats headache, tinnitus, visual obscurations, and tearing. Disperses wind pathogens. Cools blood in the meridians. Relieves internal pain in the eyeballs. Expels Liver wind. Generally, Manjingzi (Fructus Viticis) has pure aroma and acrid flavor, with a light and floating substance that ascends and disperses. Therefore, its indications primarily address wind-deficiency syndromes of the head and face.