【气味】
苦辛寒无毒。补养厥阴血脉之药。
【主治】
寒热瘰 。鼠 头疮。破症瘕。散瘿结气。脚肿湿痹。取其能解内热缓肝火也。
【气味】
甘寒无毒。阳也。
【主治】
泻肺。治阴窍涩不利。行水。除喉风痹塞。燥灰涂乳上饲小儿夜啼。以粳米粉浆染
过晒干研末。入水澄之。浮于水上者。是灯心也。降心火。通气散肿。祛衄血不止。
【气味】
甘寒无毒。
【主治】
小儿惊风天吊。去诸风热。镇心明目。滋养五脏。治中风卒坠。失音不语。大抵凉
心经。去风热。其气味功用与竹沥同。而无寒滑之害也。
【气味】
苦寒无毒。使子勿使叶。使根勿使茎。四件若同使。翻然成痼疾。得春木少阳之气
最早。故所主之症。皆少阳厥阴血分之病。
【主治】
补中益气。疥瘙痂痒。治留热在骨节间。疟疾寒热往来。生捣汁捣敷金疮止血止疼。
灰淋汁。和锻石疗恶毒疮效。
【气味】
咸寒无毒。
【主治】
虚劳冷疾。小便遗数。漏精白浊。滋肾水。养丹田。润三焦。消痰咳。退骨蒸。软
坚块。
【气味】
苦寒无毒。阴中之阴也。
【主治】
色赤而气温。味微酸而带咸。色赤入荣。气温行滞。味酸入肝。咸走血。手足厥阴
血分之对剂也。故专于行血活血。治女子经水不通。可为主药。
【气味】
味苦、辛，性寒，无毒。是补养厥阴经（肝与心包）血脉的药物。
【主治】
治疗寒热往来及瘰疬（颈部淋巴结结核）。治疗鼠瘘（颈腋部淋巴结核或瘘管）和头部疮疡。破除癥瘕（腹内结块），消散瘿气（甲状腺肿大等结节性疾病）和气滞。治疗脚部肿胀、湿痹。这是因为它能解除内热、舒缓肝火。
【气味】
味甘，性寒，无毒。属阳。
【主治】
清泻肺热。治疗前阴窍道涩滞不通。通利小便。消除喉风痹塞（咽喉肿痛闭塞）。将灯心草烧成灰涂在乳房上喂养婴儿，可治疗夜间啼哭。用粳米粉浆浸泡灯心草后晒干，研成粉末，放入水中澄清，浮在水面上的部分是灯心草。能降心火，通气散肿。祛除不止的鼻出血。
【气味】
味甘，性寒，无毒。
【主治】
治疗小儿惊风和天吊风（角弓反张）。去除各种风热。镇心安神，明目。滋养五脏。治疗中风突然跌倒、失音不语。大抵来说，它能凉心经，去除风热。其气味功效与竹沥相同，但没有寒滑的副作用。
【气味】
味苦，性寒，无毒。使用果实不要使用叶子，使用根部不要使用茎。如果四者混用，反而会导致顽固疾病。它最早获得春季木气中少阳之气，所以它所主治的症状，都是少阳经和厥阴经血分的病证。
【主治】
补益中气。治疗疥癣瘙痒。治疗骨节间残留的热邪。治疗疟疾寒热往来。新鲜捣碎取汁外敷金疮（金属利器造成的创伤），可止血止痛。用草木灰淋出的汁液，配合锻石（煅烧过的矿物药）治疗恶毒疮疡效果显著。
【气味】
味咸，性寒，无毒。
【主治】
治疗虚劳冷疾。治疗小便频数、遗尿。治疗漏精、白浊。滋补肾水。滋养丹田。润燥三焦。消除痰咳。退除骨蒸潮热。软化坚硬肿块。
【气味】
味苦，性寒，无毒。属于阴中之阴。
【主治】
颜色赤红而气温，味道微酸而带咸。赤色入营分，气温能行气滞涩；酸味入肝，咸味走血分。它是手足厥阴经血分的对症药物。因此专门用于行血、活血。治疗女子月经不通，可作为主药。
[Flavor and Nature]
Bitter, acrid, cold, non-toxic. It is a herb that nourishes the blood vessels of the Jueyin (Liver and Pericardium) meridians.
[Indications]
Treats alternating chills and fever, scrofula (tuberculous lymphadenitis of the neck), rat fistula (lymphatic fistula in the cervical or axillary region), and head sores. Breaks up zheng jia (abdominal masses), dissipates ying jie qi (qi stagnation causing goiter or nodules). Treats edema of the feet and damp-bi syndrome. This is because it can resolve internal heat and soothe Liver fire.
[Flavor and Nature]
Sweet, cold, non-toxic. Belongs to Yang.
[Indications]
Drains Lung heat. Treats obstruction and difficulty in urination at the yin orifices. Promotes water metabolism. Relieves throat wind bi-syndrome (obstruction due to wind-phlegm). Burned into ash and applied to the breasts while nursing an infant, it treats night crying. Soaked in rice gruel, dried, ground into powder, and clarified in water, the part floating on the surface is Dengxin Cao (Juncus effusus). Descends Heart fire, promotes Qi circulation, reduces swelling. Stops persistent epistaxis.
[Flavor and Nature]
Sweet, cold, non-toxic.
[Indications]
Treats pediatric convulsions and Tian Diao syndrome (opisthotonos). Dispels various wind-heat pathogens. Calms the Heart and brightens the eyes. Nourishes the Five Zang organs. Treats sudden collapse from stroke, aphonia, and muteness. Generally, it cools the Heart meridian and dispels wind-heat. Its flavor, nature, and functions are similar to Zhu Li (Bamboo Sap), but without the harmful cold and slippery properties.
[Flavor and Nature]
Bitter, cold, non-toxic. Use the fruit, not the leaves; use the root, not the stem. If all four parts are used together, it may lead to chronic disease. It receives the Shaoyang Qi of Spring Wood earliest. Therefore, the conditions it treats are all diseases of the Shaoyang and Jueyin blood levels.
[Indications]
Tonifies Middle Qi. Treats tinea and pruritus. Treats residual heat lodged between bone joints. Treats malaria with alternating chills and fever. Fresh juice applied externally to metal wounds stops bleeding and pain. Juice obtained by leaching plant ashes, mixed with Duan Shi (calcined mineral drug), effectively treats malignant sores.
[Flavor and Nature]
Salty, cold, non-toxic.
[Indications]
Treats deficiency-wasting cold diseases. Treats frequent urination and enuresis. Treats spermatorrhea and leukorrhea. Nourishes Kidney Water. Tonifies the Dantian. Moistens the Triple Burner. Resolves phlegm and cough. Retires bone-steaming tidal fever. Softens hard masses.
[Flavor and Nature]
Bitter, cold, non-toxic. It is Yin within Yin.
[Indications]
Red in color and warm in temperature; sour in taste with a hint of saltiness. Red enters the Ying (Nutritive) level; warmth moves stagnation. Sour enters the Liver; salty travels to the Blood. It is a specific remedy for the blood level of the Hand and Foot Jueyin meridians. Thus, it specializes in promoting and invigorating blood circulation. It treats amenorrhea in women and can serve as the principal herb.