（原禽）杀虫解毒
竹鸡（专入心脾肝）。状如小鸡。无尾。性好食蚁。又食半夏苗。故谚有言。家有竹鸡
啼。白
蚁化为泥。又唐小说有言。崔魏公暴亡。太医梁新诊之曰。中食毒。仆曰。好食竹鸡。新曰
。竹鸡多食半夏苗。命捣姜汁抉齿灌之。遂苏。则知竹鸡其味虽甘。其性虽平。而亦有食半
夏之毒耳。究其主治。止言煮食可以杀虫。并治野鸡毒。他无有取。则知竹鸡治毒。或者以
毒攻毒。与虫畏鸡之意。不尔。曷为其有是耶？无毒之说。似不足信。
（林禽）温补肾肺
斑鸠（专入肺肾）。虽属野味。然味甘性平。治能补肾明目。补肺益气。与于家鸽气味
治功。
恍惚相似。是以范汪治目则有斑鸠丸。总录治目则有锦鸠丸。惟贤则谓斑鸠明目。是即补肾
。肾补而目始明。时珍又谓斑鸠因于益气。故能目明。不独补肾已也。又云。古者仲春罗氏
献鸠以养国老。仲秋授老者以鸠杖。云鸠性不噎。食之且复助气。则知鸠之明目。是即补肾
补气之治验矣。鸠血热饮。可以解毒。屎同夜明沙等分为末。以吹 耳出脓疼痛诸疾。
（兽）治鼠 幽僻鬼怪之疾
猫（专入肝肾）。一捕鼠小兽耳。何书开载治疗甚多。谓肉作羹。则能以治鼠 蛊毒。（鼠
不论已溃未溃。服之皆验。蛊毒亦少食猫肉。则蛊不能为害。）头骨则能以治痘疮倒靥。（倒
靥用人猫猪犬四头骨以治。）并多年瘰 。（不愈。用猫头蝙蝠各一个。俱撒上黑豆。同烧
存性为末。渗之。干则油调。内服五香连翘汤取效。）走马牙疳。对口毒发。心下鳖瘕。（俱
用黑猫头烧灰存性以服。）小儿阴疮。鼠咬疮痛。（俱用猫头烧灰敷之。即瘥。）脑用纸上阴
干。同莽草等分。则能以治瘰 鼠 溃烂。（纳于孔中。）猫睛。猫舌。猫涎。猫皮与毛。则
能以治瘰沥鼠 。（如用睛以治瘰 鼠 。则烧灰合井华水。服方寸匙。用涎治瘰 。则刺
破以涂。用毛治瘰 溃烂。则取肚下毛。钳锅内 令存性。）而毛尤能以治鬓边生疖。（猫头
上毛猪颈上毛各一把。鼠屎一粒。烧研油涂敷之。）并鬼舐头疮。（用猫儿毛烧灰膏以敷。）
鼻擦破疮鼠咬成疮等症。（皆取猫儿毛烧灰。入麝香少许。唾和以封。）猫肝则能以治痨瘵。
（用黑猫肝一具。生晒研末。遇朔望五更酒调服之。）猫胞衣则能以治反胃吐食。（烧灰。入
朱砂末少许。压舌下少许。甚妙。）猫尿（用姜蒜擦猫鼻即出。）则能以治诸虫入耳。猫屎则
能以治痘疮倒陷。不发寒热。鬼疟鼠咬。蛊疰恶疮等症。（俱用屎烧灰水调以搽。或瘰 溃
烂。可用猫屎。以阴阳瓦合盐泥封固 过。研末油调以涂。鼠咬成疮。用猫尿揉之即愈。蝎
螫作痛。用猫屎涂之即瘥。）总以取其猫善搜穴捕鼠。故凡病属鼠类。有在幽僻鬼怪之处。
而药难以入者。无不借此以为主治。犹之虎啸风生。风痹肿痛之症。必赖虎骨以治之意。张
璐谓猫性禀阴赋。机窃地支。故其目夜视精明而随时收放。（其睛可定时。子午卯酉如一
线。寅申巳亥如盈月。辰戌丑未如枣核也。其鼻端常冷。惟夏至一日则暖。畏寒而不畏暑。
）善跳跃而嗜腥生。（能画地卜食。随月旬上下啮鼠首尾。皆与虎同。阴类之相符如此。）不
熟食而能消化生物。一皆风火用事。故书谓其性温。而味则甘而酸。用以鼠 虚损则可。用
以鼠 内实。则能助湿发热。若使病从湿至。纵云鼠 。犹当审顾。未可书言能治。而不竟
为分别也。取尾长腰短。目如金银。及上脑多棱者良。
竹鸡（药性专入心、脾、肝经）。外形像小鸡，没有尾巴。天性喜欢吃蚂蚁，也吃半夏的幼苗。所以谚语说：“家里养了竹鸡啼叫，白蚁就会化为泥土。”又有唐代小说记载：崔魏公突然死亡，太医梁新诊断后说：“这是中了食物毒。”仆人回答说：“他喜欢吃竹鸡。”梁新说：“竹鸡多吃半夏苗，有毒。”于是让人捣碎姜汁，撬开牙齿灌下去，崔魏公才苏醒过来。由此可知，竹鸡虽然味道甘甜，性质平和，但也含有食用半夏所带来的毒性。考察它的主要治疗作用，只说煮食可以杀虫，并治疗野鸡中毒，其他方面没有什么可取的。由此可知，竹鸡治疗毒素，或许是以毒攻毒的原理，与“虫畏鸡”的意思相符。否则，怎么会有这种说法呢？说它无毒的说法，似乎不足以相信。
斑鸠（药性专入肺、肾经）。虽然属于野味，但味道甘甜，性质平和。其治疗功效能补肾明目，补肺益气，与家鸽的气味和治疗功效恍惚相似。因此，范汪治疗眼疾有用斑鸠丸，《总录》治疗眼疾有用锦鸠丸。惟贤认为斑鸠能明目，这其实就是补肾的作用；肾得到补益，眼睛才能明亮。李时珍又认为斑鸠因为能益气，所以能使眼睛明亮，不仅仅是补肾罢了。又说：古时候仲春时节，罗氏进献斑鸠来供养国家的老者；仲秋时节，授予老者鸠杖。据说斑鸠性情不噎塞，吃了它还能辅助补气。由此可知，斑鸠明目的功效，就是补肾补气治疗效果的验证。斑鸠血热饮，可以解毒。斑鸠屎与夜明沙等分研成末，吹入耳中，治疗出脓疼痛的各种耳疾。
【兽类】治鼠类及幽僻鬼怪之疾
猫（药性专入肝、肾经）。不过是一种捕鼠的小兽，为什么书籍记载的治疗功效那么多？说猫肉做成羹汤，能治疗鼠瘘蛊毒。（鼠瘘不论是否溃烂，服用都有效；蛊毒也少量食用猫肉，则蛊毒不能为害。）头骨能治疗痘疮倒靥（即痘疮凹陷不起）。（治疗倒靥用人、猫、猪、犬四种动物的头骨来治疗。）以及多年的瘰疬。（久治不愈，用猫头和蝙蝠各一个，都撒上黑豆，一起烧至存性研成末，外敷患处；干了就用油调匀。内服五香连翘汤取效。）走马牙疳，对口毒发，心下鳖瘕。（都用黑猫头烧灰存性内服。）小儿阴疮，老鼠咬伤疮痛。（都用猫头烧灰外敷，即可痊愈。）脑用纸阴干，与莽草等分，能治疗瘰疬鼠瘘溃烂。（纳入孔窍中。）猫睛、猫舌、猫涎、猫皮与毛，能治疗瘰疬鼠瘘。（如用猫睛治疗瘰疬鼠瘘，就烧灰混合井华水，服用方寸匙的量；用猫涎治疗瘰疬，就刺破涂抹；用猫毛治疗瘰疬溃烂，就取肚子下的毛，钳在锅里微火加热至存性。）而猫毛尤其能治疗鬓边生疖子。（取猫头上毛一把，猪颈上毛一把，鼠屎一粒，烧研后用油涂敷。）以及鬼舐头疮。（用猫儿毛烧灰制成膏剂外敷。）鼻擦破疮、老鼠咬成疮等症状。（都取猫儿毛烧灰，加入少许麝香，用唾液调和后封贴。）猫肝能治疗痨瘵。（用黑猫肝一副，生晒研成末，每逢初一十五的五更天，用酒调服。）猫胞衣能治疗反胃吐食。（烧灰，加入少许朱砂末，压在舌头下，非常奇妙。）猫尿（用姜蒜摩擦猫鼻子即可引出），能治疗各种虫子进入耳朵。猫屎能治疗痘疮倒陷、不发寒热、鬼疟、鼠咬、蛊注恶疮等症状。（都用屎烧灰用水调匀外搽；或者瘰疬溃烂，可用猫屎，用阴阳瓦合盐泥封固煅过，研成末用油调匀涂抹；老鼠咬成疮，用猫尿揉搓即愈；蝎子螫咬作痛，用猫屎涂抹即好。）总之是取其猫善于搜寻洞穴捕捉老鼠，所以凡是病属鼠类，有在幽僻鬼怪之处，而药物难以到达的地方，无不借此作为主治。这就好比虎啸风生，风痹肿痛的症状，必须依赖虎骨来治疗的意思。张璐说猫禀受阴气，机巧契合地支，所以它的眼睛夜间视物精明并能随时收缩放大。（猫的眼睛可以定时，子午卯酉时瞳孔如一线，寅申巳亥时如满月，辰戌丑未时如枣核。它的鼻尖常冷，只有夏至那一天变暖。怕冷不怕热。）善于跳跃且嗜好吃腥生食物。（能画地占卜食物，随着月旬上下啃食老鼠的头尾，这些都与老虎相同，符合阴类的特性。）不吃熟食却能消化生物，这都是风火之气在起作用，所以书里说它的性质温和，而味道则是甘而酸。用来治疗鼠瘘虚损是可以的，用来治疗鼠瘘内实，则会助湿发热。如果疾病从湿气而来，纵然说是鼠瘘，也应当审慎顾护，不可只听书本说能治疗，而不加以分别。选取尾巴长、腰短、眼睛像金银色、以及头顶多棱角的猫为好。
[Original Fowl Category] Eliminating parasites and detoxifying
Zhuji (Bamboo Partridge) [Ardisia japonica (Thunb.) Blume, Bamboo Partridge]: The medicinal properties specifically enter the Heart, Spleen, and Liver meridians. Its appearance resembles a small chicken, with no tail. It has a nature of eating ants and also consumes the seedlings of Pinellia ternata (Banxia, 半夏). Therefore, there is a proverb: "If bamboo partridges cry at home, white termites will turn into mud." There is also a record in Tang Dynasty novels: Cui Weigong died suddenly. Imperial Physician Liang Xin diagnosed it as: "Food poisoning." The servant replied: "He liked to eat bamboo partridges." Liang Xin said: "Bamboo partridges eat many Pinellia ternata seedlings, which are toxic." Thus, ginger juice was crushed, teeth pried open, and the juice灌ed into him, so he revived. From this, we know that although Zhuji tastes sweet and its nature is neutral, it also contains toxicity from consuming Pinellia ternata. Examining its main therapeutic effects, it is only stated that boiling and eating can eliminate parasites and treat wild pheasant poisoning, with nothing else worth taking. Thus, knowing that Zhuji treats toxins, perhaps it uses the principle of "using poison to attack poison," consistent with the meaning of "insects fear chickens." Otherwise, how could such a saying exist? The claim that it is non-toxic seems insufficiently credible.
[Forest Fowl Category] Warming and tonifying Kidney and Lung
Bajiou (Turtledove): The medicinal properties specifically enter the Lung and Kidney meridians. Although it belongs to wild game, its taste is sweet and its nature is neutral. Its therapeutic ability can tonify the Kidney and brighten the eyes, tonify the Lung and benefit Qi. It is vaguely similar in flavor, nature, and therapeutic function to domestic pigeons. Therefore, Fan Wang used Bajiou Wan for treating eye diseases, and Zonglu used Jinjiu Wan for treating eye diseases. Weixian stated that Bajiou brightens the eyes, which is essentially tonifying the Kidney; when the Kidney is tonified, the eyes become bright. Li Shizhen further stated that Bajiou brightens the eyes because it benefits Qi, not merely by tonifying the Kidney. It is also said: In ancient times, during the second lunar month, Luo presented turtledoves to nourish the elderly in the state; during the eighth lunar month, elders were given turtledove-staffs. It is said that the turtledove's nature does not cause choking, and eating it aids Qi. Thus, we know that the eye-brightening effect of the turtledove is a verification of the treatment effects of tonifying the Kidney and benefiting Qi. Drinking hot blood of the turtledove can detoxify. Powdering equal parts of turtledove feces and Mingyuesha (Pharbitidis Semen, 牵牛子) or Oculi Mucor (Ye Ming Sha, 夜明沙), blowing it into the ear treats various ear diseases with pus discharge and pain.
[Beast Category] Treating Rat-related and Obscure/Demonic Diseases
Mao (Cat): The medicinal properties specifically enter the Liver and Kidney meridians. It is merely a small beast that catches rats. Why do books record so many therapeutic effects? It is said that cat meat made into soup can treat Shulou (Scrofula/Lymphatic Tuberculosis) and Gudus (Gu Poison). (For Shulou, whether ulcerated or not, administration is effective; for Gu Poison, eating a small amount of cat meat prevents harm.) The skull can treat Daochanye (Inverted Pox/Smallpox lesions failing to rise). (Treating inverted pox involves using skulls of humans, cats, pigs, and dogs.) And chronic Luoli (Scrofula). (If unhealed, use one cat head and one bat, sprinkle black beans on them, burn until carbonized but retaining efficacy, powder, and apply externally; if dry, mix with oil. Internally administer Wuxiang Lianqiao Tang for efficacy.) Zouma Yagan (Rapidly spreading gingivitis/stomatitis), Duikou Dufa (Carbuncle at the nape), and Xiaxia Bieja (Abdominal mass resembling a turtle under the heart). (All use black cat heads burned to ash for internal administration.) Xiao'er Yinchuang (Pediatric genital ulcers), Shu Yao Chuangtong (Pain from rat bites). (All use cat heads burned to ash for external application, leading to recovery.) Brain dried on paper, mixed equally with Mangcao (Dichroae Radix, 秦艽) or related herbs, can treat ulcerated Luoli and Shulou. (Insert into orifices.) Maojing (Cat eyes), Maoshe (Cat tongue), Maoxian (Cat saliva), Maopi yu Mao (Cat skin and fur) can treat Luoli and Shulou. (To treat Luoli/Shulou with cat eyes, burn to ash, mix with Jinghua Water [first rainwater], take one fangcun chi dose. To treat Luoli with saliva, pierce and apply. To treat ulcerated Luoli with fur, take belly fur, heat gently in a pan until carbonized.) Cat fur especially treats boils growing on the temples. (Take one handful of fur from the cat's head and one handful from the pig's neck, plus one rat dropping, burn, powder, and apply with oil.) And Guishi Touchuang (Head sores attributed to demonic licking). (Apply paste made from burned cat fur.) Nasal abrasions, rat-bite wounds, etc. (All use burned cat fur powder, add a little Shexiang (Moschus, 麝香), mix with saliva, and seal/apply.) Mao Gan (Cat liver) can treat Laozhai (Consumption/Tuberculosis). (Use one black cat liver, sun-dry raw, powder, and take with wine at the fifth watch on the first and fifteenth days of the lunar month.) Mao Baoyi (Cat placenta) can treat Fanwei Tushi (Regurgitation and vomiting). (Burn to ash, add a little Zhusha (Cinnabar, 朱砂) powder, place under the tongue, very effective.) Mao Niao (Cat urine) (induced by rubbing cat's nose with ginger and garlic) can treat various insects entering the ears. Mao Shi (Cat feces) can treat inverted/failing pox without chills or fever, Gui Nu (Ghost Malaria), rat bites, Gu Zhu (Gu Transmission) and malignant sores. (All use feces burned to ash, mixed with water for external application; or for ulcerated Luoli, use cat feces sealed in Yin-Yang tiles with salt mud, calcined, powdered, and applied with oil; rat bite wounds heal when rubbed with cat urine; scorpion stings causing pain heal when coated with cat feces.) Generally, this utilizes the cat's ability to search holes and catch rats. Therefore, for any disease belonging to the "rat" category, located in obscure or demonic places where medicines cannot easily reach, this is borrowed as the main treatment. This is akin to the idea that tiger roars generate wind, and wind-bi painful swelling requires tiger bone for treatment. Zhang Lu stated that cats inherit Yin energy and their mechanism aligns with Earthly Branches, so their eyes see clearly at night and can contract/expand at will. (Their pupils can indicate time: Zi/Wu/Mao/You hours like a line, Yin/Shen/Si/Hai hours like a full moon, Chen/Xu/Chou/Wei hours like a jujube pit. Their nose tip is usually cold, warm only on Summer Solstice. They fear cold but not heat.) They are good at jumping and crave raw fish/meat. (They can mark ground to predict food, gnawing rat heads/tails according to lunar cycles, all matching tigers, consistent with Yin categories.) They digest raw biological matter without cooking, driven by Wind-Fire qi. Hence, books say their nature is warm, and taste is sweet and sour. Using them for Shulou deficiency/exhaustion is acceptable; using them for Shulou excess/internal solidification will aid dampness and generate heat. If the disease originates from dampness, even if called Shulou, caution is needed. One should not blindly follow book claims of efficacy without differentiation. Select cats with long tails, short waists, eyes like gold/silver, and multiple ridges on the crown as superior.