（鱼）温补脾肺
鲥鱼（专入脾肺）。生江中者。大而色青。味极甘美。生海中者。小而色赤。味则稍薄。
皆为
席中所尚。置于暗室之中。则能生光。血非常鱼可比。性温无毒。食能补中益气。而无发毒
之虑。较之于鲢。则性稍和。然惟夏时则有。余月则无。多食亦发疳痼。鳞用香油熬涂汤火
伤效。
（鱼）温补脾
鲢鱼（专入脾肺）。性最急迫。开水即跳。与诸鱼性绝不相同。味甘性热。且食诸鱼之
遗。故
书载能补中益气。而又载其多食则有助长湿热。变生渴热疥疮之病也。鱼有皂白二种。大
者头大。白者腹腴。皆与鳝鱼之性相似。而非食品之所共贵者矣！
（鱼）温胃益人
鱼（专入胃）。形状似鲢。而究实不相同。盖鲢首细而白。而 则首大而黑也。鲢则
水动
而
跃。而 则水即动而不跃也。且鲢之美在腹。而 之美在头。鲢之性动而燥。而 之性则稍
亚于鲢也。（时珍曰。 为鱼之下品。故有庸常之号。）究其所论主治。在鲢谓能补中益气。
（鲢性跳跃而上。气主上出。故于气分则补。）而 谓能温胃益人。并其所论多食之戒。则
亦
有动风发疮发热之虞。岂 鲢二物同为一类之性乎？否则何其适相合矣！（藏器曰。只可供
食品。别无功用。）
鲥鱼（专入脾、肺经）。生长于江中的鲥鱼，体型较大且颜色青黑，味道极其甘美；生长于海中的鲥鱼，体型较小且颜色偏红，味道则稍显淡薄。它们都是宴席上备受推崇的食材。若将其置于暗室中，它能发出光芒。其血液非同寻常鱼类可比。其性温，无毒，食用能补益中气、益气力，且没有引发毒性的顾虑。与鲢鱼相比，鲥鱼的药性较为平和。然而鲥鱼仅在夏季存在，其他月份则无。多食也会诱发疳积和顽固性疾病。其鳞片用香油熬制后涂抹，对汤火烫伤有效。
鲢鱼（专入脾、肺经）。其性情最为急迫，一遇开水即跳跃不止，与其他鱼类的性质截然不同。其味甘，性热，且以其他鱼类的残食为食。因此医书记载它既能补益中气、益气力，又记载多食会助长湿热，进而引发口渴、发热、疥疮等疾病。鱼类有皂色和白色两种，体型大的头部大，白色的腹部肥厚，它们的性质都与鳝鱼相似，但并非所有食品中都珍贵稀有！
【鱼】性温，能温胃益人。
鳜鱼（专入胃经）。形状似鲢鱼，但究其实质并不相同。大概鲢鱼头细而色白，而鳜鱼头大而色黑。鲢鱼在水中会跳跃，而鳜鱼即使水动也不跳跃。而且鲢鱼的美味在于腹部，而鳜鱼的美味在于头部。鲢鱼的性质躁动而燥烈，而鳜鱼的性质则稍逊于鲢鱼。（李时珍说：鳜鱼属于鱼类中的下品，所以有“庸常”的称号。）考察他们所论述的主治功效，对于鲢鱼说是能补益中气、益气力。（因为鲢鱼性情跳跃向上，气机主升发外出，所以对于气分具有补益作用。）而对于鳜鱼说是能温胃益人。关于他们论述的多食禁忌，也都有引发风邪、诱发疮疡、导致发热的担忧。难道鳜鱼和鲢鱼这两种东西具有同类性质的吗？否则为什么它们的特性如此契合呢！（苏颂说：只可供作食品，没有其他药用功效。）
[Fish] Warm and tonifying to the Spleen and Lungs.
Hilsa shad (enters the Spleen and Lung meridians specifically). Those born in rivers are large, greenish-black in color, and extremely sweet and delicious; those born in the sea are small, reddish in color, and slightly less flavorful. They are all highly prized at banquets. If placed in a dark room, they can emit light. Their blood is incomparable to that of ordinary fish. Their nature is warm and non-toxic; consumption can tonify the Middle Jiao and benefit Qi, without the concern of inducing toxicity. Compared to the silver carp, its nature is slightly more harmonious. However, it only exists in summer, and is absent in other months. Excessive consumption may also induce malnutrition syndromes (Gan syndrome) and stubborn diseases. Its scales, when fried in sesame oil and applied topically, are effective for scalds and burns.
[Fish] Warm and tonifying to the Spleen and Stomach.
Silver carp (enters the Spleen and Lung meridians specifically). Its nature is most urgent; it jumps immediately upon contact with boiling water, differing completely from the nature of other fish. Its taste is sweet, and its nature is hot. It feeds on the leftovers of other fish. Therefore, medical texts record that it can tonify the Middle Jiao and benefit Qi, but also record that excessive consumption aids damp-heat, leading to diseases such as thirst, fever, and scabies. There are two types of fish: black-scaled and white-scaled. The larger ones have big heads, and the white ones have plump bellies. Their natures are similar to that of eels, but they are not universally precious among food items!
[Fish] Warm and beneficial to the Stomach.
Mandarin fish (enters the Stomach meridian specifically). Its shape resembles the silver carp, but essentially it is different. Generally, the silver carp has a thin head and is white, whereas the mandarin fish has a large head and is black. The silver carp jumps when the water moves, whereas the mandarin fish does not jump even when the water moves. Moreover, the delicacy of the silver carp lies in its belly, while the delicacy of the mandarin fish lies in its head. The nature of the silver carp is active and dry, whereas the nature of the mandarin fish is slightly inferior to that of the silver carp. (Li Shizhen said: The mandarin fish is a lower-grade fish, hence the name "ordinary".) Examining their discussed indications, regarding the silver carp, it is said to tonify the Middle Jiao and benefit Qi. (Because the silver carp jumps upward, and Qi primarily ascends and exits, it thus tonifies the Qi aspect.) Regarding the mandarin fish, it is said to warm the Stomach and benefit people. Regarding the warnings against excessive consumption, both carry the risk of stirring wind, inducing sores, and causing fever. Do these two substances share the same nature? Otherwise, why are their characteristics so compatible? (Su Song said: It is only suitable for food consumption, with no other medicinal functions.)