芥茎叶主治利水窍明耳目。温中。下气。止咳嗽。除冷气。通肺豁痰。利膈开胃
白芥子
功用同。而白芥子之力尤胜。故均用之。白芥子丸。白芥子木鳖子（麸炒）各
研）桂心木香各五钱。研末。每服一钱。温酒调下。治营卫循行失度。痰滞经络臂痛牵引背
脾。或似瘫痪。中气虚弱者。佐以补中益气汤。气血虚者。佐以八珍汤。脾气郁结者。佐以
归脾汤。肝经怒气者。佐以逍遥散。（附）补中益气汤。炙 一钱。人参三分。（有嗽去之）
炙
草五分。当归身（酒制）升麻柴胡各二分。白术（土炒）
煎服。
治气虚。气少。气高气喘。内伤劳倦。阴虚发热。头
大。凡属脾胃虚弱元气不足之症。及疮疡过服败毒药以致中气不足者。八珍汤。当归（酒拌）
川芎白芍（炒）熟地（酒拌）人参白术（炒）茯苓各一钱。
大枣
二枚。煎至八分。食前服。治阴虚内热。脾胃亏损。妇人胎产崩漏。气血俱虚。能调和营卫。
滋养血气。归脾汤。当归身（酒洗）一钱。人参白茯
（炒研）
各二钱。青木香炙草各五分。远志一钱。加生姜三五片。红枣一二枚。水煎服。治忧思伤脾。
血虚发热。食少体倦。或脾虚不能摄血。致妄行
自汗盗汗。或肢体肿痛。大便不调。或妇人经
母心脾二经有热。疮不结痂。或疮痕赤色。或唇疮流注。不能消散溃敛逍遥散。柴胡（炒）
七
分。白术（蜜拌蒸）茯苓当归各一钱。白芍（酒炒）一钱五分。炙草陈皮各八分。薄荷叶五
分。
煨姜三片。 咀。水煎临卧或半饥时热服
热咳嗽。两胁作痛脐部胀痛。小腹重坠。妇人经水不调。脉弦大而虚。
芥菜的茎和叶主要治疗利尿通窍，使耳目清明。能温中焦，降逆气，止咳嗽，消除体内冷气，疏通肺部，豁除痰浊，利膈开胃。
白芥子
功效与芥菜茎叶相同，但白芥子的药力更为强劲，因此两者均可使用。白芥子丸的配方：白芥子和木鳖子（用麦麸炒制后研成粉末），桂心和木香各五钱，研成细末。每次服用一钱，用温酒调服。用于治疗营卫之气循行失常，痰湿阻滞经络导致的臂痛牵引至背部或脾区，症状类似瘫痪，且中气虚弱者。可配合补中益气汤辅助治疗；气血虚弱者，配合八珍汤辅助治疗；脾气郁结者，配合归脾汤辅助治疗；肝经因怒气致病者，配合逍遥散辅助治疗。（附方）补中益气汤：炙黄芪一钱，人参三分（若有咳嗽则去掉人参），炙甘草五分，当归身（用酒炮制），升麻和柴胡各二分，白术（用土炒）。水煎服。用于治疗气虚、气短、气逆气喘、内伤劳倦、阴虚发热、头部肿大等症状。凡是属于脾胃虚弱、元气不足的病症，以及疮疡患者过服败毒药物导致中气不足的情况，均适用此方。
八珍汤：当归（用酒拌），川芎，白芍（炒），熟地黄（用酒拌），人参，白术（炒），茯苓各一钱，大枣两枚。煎煮至药液剩余八分，饭前服用。用于治疗阴虚内热，脾胃亏损，妇女胎产及崩漏出血，气血俱虚之症。本方能调和营卫，滋养血气。
归脾汤：当归身（用酒洗）一钱，人参和白茯苓（炒后研碎）各二钱，青木香和炙甘草各五分，远志一钱。加入生姜三到五片，红枣一到两枚。水煎服。用于治疗忧思损伤脾脏，血虚发热，饮食减少，身体疲倦，或者脾虚不能统摄血液导致血液妄行，自汗盗汗，肢体肿痛，大便不调，或者妇女月经不调等症。若心脾二经有热，疮疡不结痂，或疮痕呈赤色，或唇部疮疡流注，不能消散溃敛，也可使用此方。
逍遥散：柴胡（炒）七分，白术（用蜜拌蒸），茯苓，当归各一钱，白芍（用酒炒）一钱五分，炙甘草和陈皮各八分，薄荷叶五分，煨姜三片。切碎药材，水煎，在睡前或半饥时热服。用于治疗热性咳嗽，两胁作痛，脐部胀痛，小腹重坠感，妇女月经不调，脉象弦大而虚。
The stems and leaves of mustard primarily treat conditions by promoting diuresis, clearing the orifices, and brightening the eyes and ears. They warm the middle jiao (middle energizer), direct rebellious qi downward, stop coughing, eliminate cold qi from the interior, unblock the lungs, resolve phlegm, benefit the diaphragm, and stimulate appetite.
White Mustard Seed (Baijiezi)
Its functions are the same as those of the stems and leaves of mustard, but the efficacy of White Mustard Seed is particularly strong; therefore, both may be used.
Formula: Baijiezi Wan (White Mustard Seed Pill). Ingredients include Baijiezi (White Mustard Seed) and Mubiezi (Strychnos nux-vomica seed, stir-fried with bran and ground into powder), Guixin (Cinnamon Twig) and Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix) each at 5 qian. These are ground into fine powder. Take 1 qian per dose, mixed with warm wine. It treats disorders of the circulation of Ying and Wei (nutritive and defensive qi), where phlegm stagnates in the meridians causing arm pain radiating to the back or spleen region, resembling paralysis, in patients with weak Middle Qi. This can be supplemented with Buzhong Yiqi Tang (Tonify the Middle and Augment the Qi Decoction); for patients with Qi and Blood deficiency, supplement with Bazhen Tang (Eight Treasures Decoction); for patients with stagnant Spleen Qi, supplement with Guipi Tang (Restore the Spleen Decoction); for patients with Liver channel disorders due to anger, supplement with Xiaoyao San (Free and Easy Wanderer Powder).
(Attached Formula) Buzhong Yiqi Tang (Tonify the Middle and Augment the Qi Decoction): Zhi Huangqi (Honey-fried Astragali Radix) 1 qian, Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma) 3 fen (remove if cough is present), Zhi Caoshao (Licorice Root) 5 fen, Dangguishen (Angelicae Sinensis Radix body, processed with wine), Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma) and Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix) each 2 fen, Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, stir-fried with soil). Decoct and take orally. It treats Qi deficiency, shortness of breath, rebellious Qi and asthma, internal injury due to overwork, Yin deficiency with fever, and head swelling. It is applicable to all syndromes belonging to Spleen and Stomach weakness and insufficient Yuan Qi (Original Qi), as well as cases where excessive use of detoxifying herbs for sores and ulcers has led to insufficiency of Middle Qi.
Bazhen Tang (Eight Treasures Decoction): Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix, mixed with wine), Chuanxiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma), Baishao (Paeoniae Radix Alba, stir-fried), Shudi (Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata, mixed with wine), Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, stir-fried), Fuling (Poria) each 1 qian, Dazao (Jujubae Fructus) 2 pieces. Decoct until one-eighth remains, and take before meals. It treats Yin deficiency with internal heat, Spleen and Stomach damage, gynecological conditions such as pregnancy, childbirth, and metrorrhagia, and combined Qi and Blood deficiency. It harmonizes Ying and Wei, and nourishes Qi and Blood.
Guipi Tang (Restore the Spleen Decoction): Dangguishen (Angelicae Sinensis Radix body, washed with wine) 1 qian, Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma) and Baifushen (Poria cocos, stir-fried and ground) each 2 qian, Qingmuxiang (Aquilariae Lignum Resinatum) and Zhi Caogao (Licorice Root, honey-fried) each 5 fen, Yuanzhi (Polygalae Radix) 1 qian. Add 3-5 slices of Shengjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens) and 1-2 pieces of Hongzao (Jujubae Fructus). Decoct with water and take orally. It treats Spleen injury due to worry and overthinking, Blood deficiency with fever, poor appetite, physical fatigue, or Spleen deficiency failing to control blood leading to spontaneous bleeding, spontaneous sweating, night sweats, limb swelling and pain, irregular bowel movements, or irregular menstruation in women. If there is heat in the Heart and Spleen channels, sores fail to form scabs, scar tissue appears red, or lip sores exude fluid and cannot dissipate or heal, this formula may also be used.
Xiaoyao San (Free and Easy Wanderer Powder): Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix, stir-fried) 7 fen, Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, steamed with honey), Fuling (Poria), Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix) each 1 qian, Baishao (Paeoniae Radix Alba, wine-fried) 1.5 qian, Zhi Cao (Licorice Root, honey-fried) and Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium) each 8 fen, Boheye (Menthae Haplocalycis Herba) 5 fen, Weijiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens, baked) 3 slices. Cut the herbs, decoct with water, and take hot before sleep or when half-hungry. It treats heat-type cough, pain in the hypochondrium, distending pain in the umbilical region, heavy sensation in the lower abdomen, irregular menstruation in women, and a pulse that is wiry, large, and deficient.