（《纲目》）
【释名】仙女娇
【集解】时珍曰∶九仙子，出均州太和山。一根连缀九枚，大者如鸡子，小者如半夏，
白色。二月生苗，蔓高六、七尺，茎细而光。叶如乌 叶，而短扁不团。每叶丫生子枝，或
一或二，袅袅下垂。六、七月开碎青黄色花，随即结实。碎子丛簇，如谷精草子状。九月采
根。
【气味】苦，凉，无毒。
【主治】咽痛喉痹，散血。以新汲水或醋磨汁含咽，甚良（时珍）。
（宋《开宝》）
【释名】解毒（《纲目》）、黄结（《纲目》）、
颂曰∶其蔓如大豆，因以为名。
【集解】颂曰∶山豆根，生剑南及宜州、果州山谷，今广西亦有，以忠州、万州者为佳。
苗蔓如豆，叶青，经冬不凋，八月采根。广南者如小槐，高尺余，石鼠食其根。故岭南人捕
鼠，取肠胃曝干，解毒攻热效。
【气味】甘，寒，无毒。
时珍曰∶按∶沈括《笔谈》云∶山豆根味极苦，本草言味甘，大误矣。
【主治】解诸药毒，止痛，消疮肿毒，发热咳嗽，治人及马急黄，杀小虫（《开宝》）。
含之咽汁，解咽喉肿毒，极妙（苏颂）。
气
腹胀，又下寸白诸虫。丸服，止下痢。磨汁服，止卒患热厥心腹痛，五种痔痛。研汁涂诸热
肿秃疮，蛇狗蜘蛛伤（时珍）。
【附方】旧十，新三。
解中蛊毒∶密取山豆根和水研，服少许，未定再服。已禁声者，亦愈。
五般急黄∶山豆根末，水服二钱。若带蛊气，以酒下。
霍乱吐利∶山豆根末，橘皮汤下三钱。
赤白下痢∶山豆根末，蜜丸梧子大。每服二十丸，空腹白汤下，三服自止。（以上
并《备急方》）
卒患腹痛∶山豆根，水研半盏服，入口即定。
头风热痛∶山豆根末，油调，涂两太阳。
头上白屑∶山豆根末，浸油，日涂之。
牙龈肿痛∶山豆根一片，含于痛所。（以上并《备急方》）
喉中发痈∶山豆根，磨醋噙之，追涎即愈。势重不能言者，频以鸡翎扫入喉中，引涎出，
就能言语。（《永类方》）
麸豆诸疮，烦热甚者∶水研山豆根汁，服少许。（《经验方》）
疥癣虫疮∶山豆根末，腊猪脂调涂。（《备急方》）
喉风急证，牙关紧闭，水谷不下∶山豆根、白药等分，水煎噙之，咽下，二、三口即愈。
（杨清叟《外科》）
（《本草纲目》）
【释名】仙女娇
【集解】李时珍说：九仙子，产于均州太和山。一根连接着九个块根，大的像鸡蛋，小的像半夏，颜色为白色。二月长出苗，藤蔓高达六七尺，茎细而光滑。叶子像乌桕叶，但短小扁平不圆润。每片叶子的分叉处长出子枝，或一个或两个，袅袅下垂。六月、七月开细小的青黄色花，随即结果实。种子丛生簇聚，形状像谷精草的种子。九月采集根部。
【气味】味苦，性凉，无毒。
【主治】咽喉疼痛、喉痹（咽喉肿痛闭塞），散瘀血。用新汲取的冷水或醋磨成汁含漱吞咽，效果很好（李时珍）。
（宋代《开宝本草》）
【释名】解毒（《本草纲目》）、黄结（《本草纲目》）
苏颂说：其藤蔓像大豆，因此得名。
【集解】苏颂说：山豆根，生长在剑南以及宜州、果州的山区河谷，现在广西也有出产，以忠州、万州产的质量最佳。苗蔓像豆类植物，叶子青色，经冬不凋谢，八月采集根部。广南地区的山豆根像小槐树，高一尺多，石鼠吃它的根。所以岭南人捕捉老鼠时，取出鼠的肠胃晒干，用来解毒清热效果显著。
【气味】味甘，性寒，无毒。
李时珍说：按沈括《梦溪笔谈》记载：山豆根味道极苦，本草书中说味甘，这是很大的错误。
【主治】解除各种药物中毒，止痛，消除疮肿毒，发热咳嗽，治疗人和马的急黄病，杀灭小虫（《开宝本草》）。
含在口中让汁液咽下，能解咽喉肿毒，极好（苏颂）。
用于气胀腹胀，又能驱除寸白虫（绦虫）等寄生虫。丸剂服用，可止泻痢。磨汁服用，可止突然发作的热厥心腹痛，以及五种痔疮疼痛。研成汁涂抹各种热肿秃疮，以及蛇、狗、蜘蛛咬伤（李时珍）。
【附方】旧方十个，新方三个。
解中蛊毒：秘密取山豆根加水研磨，服用少量，未见效再服。已经失声的人，也能治愈。
五般急黄：山豆根粉末，用水送服二钱。如果带有蛊气，用酒送服。
霍乱吐利：山豆根粉末，用橘皮汤送服三钱。
赤白下痢：山豆根粉末，制成梧桐子大小的蜜丸。每次服用二十丸，空腹用白开水送下，服三次自然停止。（以上均出自《备急方》）
突然患腹痛：山豆根，加水研磨半盏服用，入口即定痛。
头风热痛：山豆根粉末，用油调和，涂抹在两太阳穴上。
头上白屑（头皮屑）：山豆根粉末，浸泡在油中，每日涂抹。
牙龈肿痛：取山豆根一片，含在疼痛部位。（以上均出自《备急方》）
喉中发痈（喉部脓肿）：山豆根，磨醋含漱，促使涎液流出即可痊愈。病情严重不能说话的人，频繁用鸡毛扫入喉中，引出涎液，就能恢复言语。（《永类方》）
麸豆诸疮，烦热严重者：水研磨山豆根取汁，服用少量。（《经验方》）
疥癣虫疮：山豆根粉末，用腊月猪脂调和涂抹。（《备急方》）
喉风急证，牙关紧闭，水谷不下：山豆根、白药各等分，水煎煮后含漱，咽下，两三口即可痊愈。（杨清叟《外科》）
(Compendium of Materia Medica)
[Names] Xiannü Jiao (Fairy's Delight)
[Collected Explanations] Li Shizhen stated: Jiuxianzi (Nine Immortals Root) originates from Mount Taihe in Junzhou. One root connects nine tubers; the larger ones are like chicken eggs, and the smaller ones are like Pinellia ternata (Banxia). They are white in color. In the second lunar month, shoots emerge, with vines growing six or seven chi high. The stems are slender and smooth. The leaves resemble those of Sapium sebiferum (Wu You), but are shorter, flatter, and not round. At the forks of each leaf, subsidiary branches arise, either one or two, hanging gracefully. In the sixth and seventh lunar months, small greenish-yellow flowers bloom, followed immediately by fruit formation. The seeds grow in clusters, resembling those of Cyperus esculentus (Gujingcao). The roots are harvested in the ninth lunar month.
[Flavor and Properties] Bitter, cool, non-toxic.
[Indications] Sore throat, Hou Bi (obstruction and swelling of the throat), disperses blood stasis. Grind with fresh well water or vinegar to extract juice, hold in the mouth and swallow; this is very effective (Li Shizhen).
(Song Dynasty Kai Bao Ben Cao)
[Names] Jiedu (Detoxifier) (Compendium of Materia Medica), Huangjie (Yellow Knot) (Compendium of Materia Medica)
Su Song stated: Its vines resemble those of soybeans, hence the name.
[Collected Explanations] Su Song stated: Shandougen (Sophorae Tonkinensis Radix et Rhizoma) grows in the valleys of Jiannan, as well as Yizhou and Guozhou. It is also found in Guangxi today, with those from Zhongzhou and Wanzhou being of superior quality. The seedlings and vines resemble legumes, with green leaves that do not wither in winter. The roots are harvested in the eighth lunar month. In Southern Guangnan, it resembles a small locust tree, growing over one chi high; the stone rat feeds on its roots. Therefore, people in Lingnan capture rats, dry their intestines and stomachs, and use them to detoxify and clear heat, which is highly effective.
[Flavor and Properties] Sweet, cold, non-toxic.
Li Shizhen stated: According to Shen Kuo's "Dream Pool Essays," Shandougen has an extremely bitter taste. The Materia Medica stating it is sweet is a significant error.
[Indications] Resolves toxicity of various medicines, relieves pain, reduces carbuncles and toxic swellings, treats fever and cough, cures acute jaundice in humans and horses, and kills small insects (Kai Bao Ben Cao).
Holding it in the mouth and swallowing the juice effectively resolves throat swelling and toxicity (Su Song).
It treats abdominal distension due to Qi stagnation and expels Ascaris lumbricoides (Cunbai zhu chong). Taken as pills, it stops dysentery. Taken as a ground juice, it stops sudden onset of heat-jue heart and abdominal pain, and pain from five types of hemorrhoids. Applied as juice, it treats various heat-induced swellings, alopecia barbae, and injuries from snakes, dogs, and spiders (Li Shizhen).
[Attached Prescriptions] Ten old prescriptions, three new ones.
Resolving Gu Poison: Secretly take Shandougen, grind with water, and consume a small amount. If not resolved, take again. Even if the patient has lost their voice, they will recover.
Five Types of Acute Jaundice: Powdered Shandougen, taken with water, 2 qian. If accompanied by Gu qi, take with wine.
Cholera with Vomiting and Diarrhea: Powdered Shandougen, taken with tangerine peel decoction, 3 qian.
Dysentery with Red and White Discharge: Powdered Shandougen, made into honey pills the size of wutong seeds. Take 20 pills each time, with plain warm water on an empty stomach. Three doses will stop it naturally. (All above from Beiji Fang)
Sudden Abdominal Pain: Shandougen, ground with water, half a zhan consumed. Pain subsides upon entry into the mouth.
Head Wind Heat Pain: Powdered Shandougen, mixed with oil, applied to both taiyang acupoints.
White Dandruff on Head: Powdered Shandougen, soaked in oil, applied daily.
Swollen and Painful Gums: One slice of Shandougen, held at the site of pain. (All above from Beiji Fang)
Abscess in the Throat: Shandougen, ground with vinegar and held in the mouth. Saliva discharge leads to recovery. For severe cases where speech is impossible, frequently sweep the throat with a chicken feather to induce saliva discharge, restoring speech. (Yonglei Fang)
Various Sores from Bean Chaff, Severe Restlessness and Heat: Water-grinded Shandougen juice, consume a small amount. (Jingyan Fang)
Scabies, Tinea, and Insect Sores: Powdered Shandougen, mixed with lard from the twelfth lunar month, applied topically. (Beiji Fang)
Acute Hou Feng Syndrome, Lockjaw, Inability to Swallow Food or Water: Shandougen and Baiyao in equal parts, decocted in water, held in the mouth and swallowed. Recovery occurs after two or three swallows. (Yang Qiusou's Surgery)