（《千金》）
【释名】 （音育）、 （音纤，并未详）。
【集解】颂曰∶ ，山韭也。山中往往有之，而人多不识。形性亦与家韭相类，但根白
，叶如灯心苗耳。《韩诗》云，六月食郁及 ，谓此也。
时珍曰∶案∶《尔雅》云∶ ，山韭也，许慎《说文》云∶ ，山韭也。金幼孜《北征
录》云∶北边云台戍地，多野韭、沙葱，人皆采而食之。即此也。苏氏以诗之郁即此，未
知是否？又吕忱《字林》云∶ （音严），水韭也。野生水涯，叶如韭而细长，可食。观此，
则知野韭又有山、水二种，气味或不相远也。
【气味】咸，寒，涩，无毒。
【主治】宜肾，主大小便数，去烦热，治毛发（《千金》）。
【发明】时珍曰∶ ，肾之菜也，肾病宜食之。诸家本草不载，而孙思邈《千金方》收
之。他书“ ”字多讹作“藿”字，藿乃豆叶也。陈直《奉亲养老书》有 菜羹，即此也。
其方治老人脾胃气弱，饮食不强。用 菜四两，鲫鱼肉五两，煮羹，下五味并少面食。
每三五日一作之。云极补益。
【附录】孝文韭（《拾遗》） 藏器曰∶辛，温，无毒。主腹内冷胀满，泄痢肠 ，温中
补虚，令人能行。生塞北山谷，状如韭，人多食之，云是后魏孝文帝所种。又有诸葛韭，孔
明所种，此韭更长，彼人食之。时珍曰∶此亦山韭也，但因人命名耳。
（出自《千金方》）
【释名】 读音为“育”（yù），另一个读音为“纤”（xiān，具体含义不详）。
【集解】 苏颂说：这种植物就是山韭。山中到处都有，但很多人不认识它。它的形状和性质与家韭相似，只是根部是白色的，叶子像灯心草的苗一样。《韩诗外传》中说：“六月吃郁李和 ，指的就是这种植物。”
李时珍说：查考《尔雅》记载： 是山韭；许慎在《说文解字》中也说： 是山韭。金幼孜在《北征录》中记载：北方边境云台戍地，有很多野韭、沙葱，人们都采集来食用。指的就是这种植物。苏颂认为《诗经》中的“郁”就是这种植物，不知是否正确？另外吕忱在《字林》中说： （音严），是水韭。野生在水边，叶子像韭菜但细长，可以食用。看这些记载，就知道野韭又有山韭、水韭两种，气味或许相差不远。
【气味】 味咸，性寒，有涩味，无毒。
【主治】 适宜肾脏，主治大小便频数，去除烦热，治疗毛发疾病（出自《千金方》）。
【发明】 李时珍说： 是入肾的蔬菜，肾病的人适宜食用。各家本草著作没有记载，而孙思邈的《千金方》收录了它。其他书籍中的“ ”字大多讹误写成“藿”字，“藿”乃是豆叶。陈直在《奉亲养老书》中有 菜羹，指的就是这种植物。那个方子治疗老人脾胃气弱，饮食不振。用 菜四两，鲫鱼鱼肉五两，煮成羹，加入五味调料和少量面粉。每三到五天做一次。据说极有补益作用。
【附录】 孝文韭（出自《本草拾遗》） 藏器说：味辛，性温，无毒。主治腹内冷胀满，泄痢肠澼，温中补虚，使人能够行走。生长在塞北山谷，形状像韭菜，人们多吃它，说是后魏孝文帝所种植。还有诸葛韭，是孔明种植的，这种韭菜更长，当地人食用它。李时珍说：这也是山韭，只是因人而得名罢了。
(From *Qianjin Fang*)
[Names] Pronounced "yu" (yù), and another pronunciation "xian" (xiān, meaning not fully detailed).
[Collected Explanations] Su Song stated: This plant is Allium ramosum var. macrostemon (Mountain Leek). It is found everywhere in the mountains, yet many people do not recognize it. Its shape and nature are similar to cultivated leeks (Jiujai), but its root is white, and its leaves resemble those of Juncus effusus (Rush/Thrush grass seedling). The *Han Shi Wai Zhuan* states: "In the sixth month, eat Yu and , referring to this plant."
Li Shizhen stated: According to the *Erya*: is Mountain Leek; Xu Shen in the *Shuowen Jiezi* also states: is Mountain Leek. Jin Youzhi in the *Beizheng Lu* recorded: In the northern border region of Yuntai Garrison, there are abundant wild leeks and sand onions, which people gather and eat. This refers to this plant. Su Song believed that the "Yu" mentioned in the *Classic of Poetry* refers to this plant, though it is uncertain if this is correct. Furthermore, Lü Chen in the *Zilin* stated: (pronounced "yan"), is Water Leek. It grows wild by the water's edge, with leaves like leeks but slender and long, and it is edible. From these records, it can be known that wild leeks include both mountain and water varieties, and their flavors may not differ significantly.
[Flavor and Properties] Salty, cold, astringent, non-toxic.
[Main Indications] Beneficial to the Kidney, treats frequent urination and defecation, removes irritability and heat, and treats hair diseases (from *Qianjin Fang*).
[Elucidation] Li Shizhen stated: is a vegetable entering the Kidney channel; patients with Kidney disease should consume it. Various pharmacopoeias do not record it, but Sun Simiao's *Qianjin Fang* includes it. In other texts, the character for this plant is often erroneously written as "Huo" (藿), which refers to bean leaves. Chen Zhi's *Fengqin Yanglao Shu* contains a recipe for vegetable soup made from this plant. That prescription treats elderly individuals with weak Spleen and Stomach Qi and poor appetite. It uses four taels of this vegetable, five taels of crucian carp meat, boiled into a soup, seasoned with five spices and a small amount of flour. It is prepared once every three to five days. It is said to be highly nourishing.
[Appendix] Xiaowen Leek (from *Bencao Shiyi*) Cangqi stated: Pungent, warm, non-toxic. Treats abdominal coldness, distension, fullness, diarrhea, and dysentery with intestinal discharge; warms the Middle and tonifies deficiency, enabling mobility. It grows in the valleys of the northern frontier, resembling leeks, and is widely consumed. It is said to have been planted by Emperor Xiaowen of the Northern Wei dynasty. There is also Zhuge Leek, planted by Kongming (Zhuge Liang); this leek is longer, and local people consume it. Li Shizhen stated: This is also a type of Mountain Leek, merely named after the person associated with it.