（《纲目》）
【集解】时珍曰∶按陶九成《辍耕录》云∶天方国有人年七八十岁，愿舍身济众者，绝
不饮食，惟澡身啖蜜，经月便溺皆蜜。既死，国人殓以石棺，仍满用蜜浸之，镌年月于棺，
瘗之。俟百年后起封，则成蜜剂。遇人折伤肢体，服少许立愈。虽彼中亦不多得，亦谓之蜜
人。陶氏所载如此，不知果有否？姑附卷末，以俟博识。
（《纲目》）
李时珍曰∶人禀性于乾坤，而囿形于一气。横目二足，虽则皆同；而风土气习，自然不
一。是故虱处头而黑，豕居辽而白。水食者腥，草食者膻。膏粱藜苋，肠胃天渊； 褐罗纨，
肌肤玉石。居养所移，其不能齐者，亦自然之势也。故五方九州，水土各异，其民生长，气
息亦殊。乃集方民，附于部末，以备医诊云。东方∶海滨傍水，鱼盐之地。其民食鱼而嗜咸，
黑色疏理。其病多疮疡，其治宜砭石。西方∶陵居多风，水土刚强。其民不衣而褐荐，华食
而肥脂。其病生于内，其治宜毒药。北方∶地高陵居，风寒冰冽。其民野处而乳食。其病脏
寒生满，其治宜灸 。南方∶地下，水土弱，雾露所聚。其民嗜酸而食 ，致理而赤色。其
病多挛痹，其治宜微针。中央∶地平湿。其民食杂而不劳。其病多痿 ，其治宜导引按跷。
（《素问》）
九州殊题，水泉各异；风声气习，刚柔不同。青州∶其音角羽，其泉咸以酸，其气舒迟，
其人声缓。荆扬∶其音角征，其泉酸以苦，其气剽轻，其人声急。梁州∶其音商征，其泉苦
以辛，其气刚勇，其人声塞。兖豫∶其音宫征，其泉甘以苦，其气平静，其人声端。雍冀∶
其音商羽，其泉辛以咸，其气快烈，其人声捷。徐州∶其音角宫，其泉酸以甘，其气悍劲，
其人声雄。（出《河图括地象》）
坚土之人刚，弱土之人柔，墟土之人大，沙土之人细，息土之人美，耗土之人丑。（出
《孔子家语》）山林之民毛而瘦，得木气多也。川泽之民黑而津，得水气多也。丘陵之民团
而长，得火气多也。坟衍之民皙而方，得金气多也。原隰之民丰而痹，得土气多也。（出《宋
太史集》）荆州一男二女，扬州二男五女，青州二男二女，兖州二男三女，幽州一男三女，
并州二男三女，豫州二男三女，雍州三男二女，冀州五男三女。（出《周礼》）土地生人，各
以类应。故山气多男，泽气多女，水气多喑，风气多聋，林气多癃，木气多伛，石气多力，
岸下气多 ，险阻气多瘿，谷气多痹，丘气多狂，广气多仁，陵气多贪，暑气多夭，寒气多
寿，轻土多利，重土多迟，清水音小，浊水音大，湍水人轻，迟水人重，中土多圣贤。（出
《淮南子鸿烈解》）
（《本草纲目》）
【集解】李时珍说：查阅陶宗仪的《辍耕录》记载：天方国（阿拉伯地区）有七八十岁的人，愿意牺牲自己来救济大众，他们完全停止饮食，只洗澡并吃蜂蜜，经过一个月后，大小便都变成蜂蜜。死后，国人用石棺装殓，仍然注满蜂蜜浸泡，在棺材上刻下年份，将其埋葬。等到百年后开启封土，就变成了蜜制的药剂。遇到有人肢体折伤，服用少许即可立即痊愈。虽然当地也不多见，但也称之为“蜜人”。陶氏记载如此，不知是否真实？暂且附在卷末，以等待博学之士考证。
（《本草纲目》）
李时珍说：人禀受天地之气而生，形体受限于一气。横着两只眼睛、长着两条腿，虽然大体相同；但风土气候和习俗习惯，自然各不相同。因此，虱子生活在头上就是黑色的，猪生活在辽东就是白色的。吃水生食物的人气味腥，吃草食动物肉的人气味膻。吃精细美食与吃粗劣野菜的人，肠胃状况有天壤之别；穿粗布衣与穿丝绸的人，肌肤质地如玉石般不同。居住环境和生活习惯改变了人体，那些不能整齐划一的情况，也是自然的趋势。所以九州各地，水土各异，百姓生长其中，气息也殊异。于是收集各国百姓的情况，附在部类末尾，以备医生诊断参考。东方：靠近海边和水域，是鱼盐之地。百姓吃鱼且口味重咸，皮肤黑色且纹理疏松。多患疮疡病，治疗适宜用砭石。西方：多山陵，风大，水土刚强。百姓不穿细软衣物而穿粗麻草席，饮食华贵且脂肪丰厚。疾病多生于体内，治疗适宜用毒药（指具有偏性的药物）。北方：地势高，居住在山陵，风寒冰冽。百姓野外居住且以乳为食。疾病多为脏寒导致的胀满，治疗适宜用艾灸。南方：地势低洼，水土柔弱，雾气露水聚集。百姓喜好酸味且食用发酵食品，皮肤纹理致密且呈红色。多患拘挛痹症，治疗适宜用微针。中央：地势平坦潮湿。百姓饮食杂乱且不从事重体力劳动。多患痿证，治疗适宜用导引按跷（气功按摩）。
（出自《黄帝内经·素问》）
九州名称不同，水源各异；风声气候，刚柔不同。青州：音律属角羽，泉水味道咸中带酸，风气舒缓迟缓，人的声音缓慢。荆扬二州：音律属角徵，泉水味道酸中带苦，风气剽悍轻捷，人的声音急促。梁州：音律属商徵，泉水味道苦中带辛，风气刚勇，人的声音沉闷。兖豫二州：音律属宫徵，泉水味道甘中带苦，风气平静，人的声音端庄。雍冀二州：音律属商羽，泉水味道辛中带咸，风气猛烈，人的声音快捷。徐州：音律属角宫，泉水味道酸中带甘，风气强悍劲急，人的声音雄壮。（出自《河图括地象》）
坚硬土壤地区的人性格刚强，松软土壤地区的人性格柔和，废墟土壤地区的人体格高大，沙质土壤地区的人体格细小，肥沃土壤地区的人面貌美丽，贫瘠土壤地区的人面貌丑陋。（出自《孔子家语》）山林地区的百姓毛发多且瘦弱，因为得木气多。川泽地区的百姓肤色黑且湿润，因为得水气多。丘陵地区的百姓体态圆胖且高大，因为得火气多。坟衍（高地平原）地区的百姓肤色白且方正，因为得金气多。原隰（低湿平原）地区的百姓丰满但易患痹症，因为得土气多。（出自《宋太史集》）荆州一男配二女，扬州二男配五女，青州二男配二女，兖州二男配三女，幽州一男配三女，并州二男配三女，豫州二男配三女，雍州三男配二女，冀州五男配三女。（出自《周礼》）土地生养人类，各自相应同类。所以山气多的地方男子多，泽气多的地方女子多，水气多的地方人多失音，风气多的地方人多耳聋，林气多的地方人多尿闭，木气多的地方人多驼背，石气多的地方人多有力，岸下水气多的地方人多水肿，险阻之地气多的地方人多甲状腺肿，谷气多的地方人多痹症，丘气多的地方人多狂躁，广平之气多仁厚，陵高之气多贪婪，暑气多的地方人多夭折，寒气多的地方人多长寿，轻土多的地方人行动敏捷，重土多的地方人行动迟缓，清水多的地方人声音小，浊水多的地方人声音大，湍急水流处的人性情轻浮，迟缓水流处的人性情稳重，中原之地多出圣贤。（出自《淮南子·鸿烈解》）
(Compendium of Materia Medica)
[Collected Explanations] Li Shizhen said: According to Tao Zongyi's *Chuo Geng Lu* (Records of Stopping the Plough), in the Tianfang Kingdom (Arabian region), there were people aged seventy or eighty who wished to sacrifice their bodies to benefit the public. They completely abstained from food and drink, only bathing and consuming honey. After a month, their urine and feces became honey. Upon death, the locals buried them in stone coffins, still filling them with honey for immersion, inscribing the year on the coffin, and interring them. After waiting a hundred years before opening the seal, they would become honey-preserved agents. When encountering someone with fractured limbs, taking a small amount would lead to immediate recovery. Although not common even in that region, they are also called "Honey Men." This is what Mr. Tao recorded; it is unknown if this is true. It is tentatively attached to the end of the volume to await verification by learned scholars.
(Compendium of Materia Medica)
Li Shizhen said: Humans inherit nature from Heaven and Earth, and their forms are confined by Qi. Having two eyes facing forward and two feet, although generally similar; the local climate and customs naturally differ. Therefore, lice living on heads are black, while pigs residing in Liaodong are white. Those who consume aquatic food have a fishy smell, while those who eat grass-eating animals have a muttony smell. Those eating rich foods versus coarse vegetables have intestines and stomachs worlds apart; those wearing coarse cloth versus silk have skin textures like jade and stone. Residence and nurturing shift the body; the inability to be uniform is also a natural trend. Thus, across the Nine Provinces, water and soil differ, and the people growing up there have distinct Qi and breath. Therefore, collecting information on people from various regions is attached at the end of the section for medical diagnosis reference. The East: Coastal and near waters, a land of fish and salt. The people eat fish and love salty flavors, having black skin and loose pores. Diseases are mostly sores and ulcers; treatment is suitable with Bian stones (stone needles). The West: Mountainous with much wind, water and soil are rigid and strong. The people do not wear fine clothes but coarse hemp and straw mats, eating luxurious food and being fat. Diseases arise internally; treatment is suitable with Du Yao (medicinal substances with strong properties/toxins). The North: High ground and hills, cold wind and ice. The people live in the wild and eat dairy. Diseases are coldness in the zang organs causing fullness; treatment is suitable with Moxibustion (Jiu Zhuo). The South: Low ground, weak water and soil, gathering fog and dew. The people love sour flavors and eat fermented foods, having dense skin texture and reddish color. Diseases are mostly spasms and bi-syndrome (obstruction); treatment is suitable with Micro-needles (Wei Zhen). The Central Plains: Flat and damp. The people eat mixed diets and do not labor. Diseases are mostly flaccidity syndrome (Wu Zheng); treatment is suitable with Daoyin Anqiao (guiding and pulling exercises and massage).
(The Yellow Emperor's Inner Canon: Su Wen)
The nine provinces have different names and springs; winds and climates differ in rigidity and softness. Qingzhou: Its musical pitch is Jue and Yu, its springs taste salty and sour, its air is slow and leisurely, and its people's voices are slow. Jingyang: Its musical pitch is Jue and Zhi, its springs taste sour and bitter, its air is swift and light, and its people's voices are urgent. Liangzhou: Its musical pitch is Shang and Zhi, its springs taste bitter and pungent, its air is brave and rigid, and its people's voices are blocked/heavy. Yanyu: Its musical pitch is Gong and Zhi, its springs taste sweet and bitter, its air is calm, and its people's voices are dignified. Yongji: Its musical pitch is Shang and Yu, its springs taste pungent and salty, its air is fierce and violent, and its people's voices are quick. Xuzhou: Its musical pitch is Jue and Gong, its springs taste sour and sweet, its air is harsh and strong, and its people's voices are heroic. (From *Hetu Kuo Di Xiang*)
People in hard soil are rigid, people in weak soil are flexible, people in ruin soil are large, people in sandy soil are fine/delicate, people in fertile soil are beautiful, people in barren soil are ugly. (From *Kongzi Jiayu*) People in mountain forests are hairy and thin, obtaining more Wood Qi. People in rivers and marshes are dark and moist, obtaining more Water Qi. People in hills are round and tall, obtaining more Fire Qi. People in high plains are fair and square, obtaining more Metal Qi. People in low wetlands are plump and prone to Bi-syndrome, obtaining more Earth Qi. (From *Song Taishi Ji*) Jingzhou has one man for two women, Yangzhou has two men for five women, Qingzhou has two men for two women, Yanzhou has two men for three women, Youzhou has one man for three women, Bingshou has two men for three women, Yuzhou has two men for three women, Yongzhou has three men for two women, Jizhou has five men for three women. (From *Rites of Zhou*) Land generates humans, each responding to its type. Therefore, mountain Qi produces more men, marsh Qi produces more women, water Qi causes muteness, wind Qi causes deafness, forest Qi causes strangury, Wood Qi causes hunchback, Stone Qi gives strength, lower bank Qi causes edema, dangerous terrain Qi causes goiter, valley Qi causes Bi-syndrome, hill Qi causes madness, broad Qi causes benevolence, ridge Qi causes greed, summer heat Qi causes premature death, cold Qi causes longevity, light soil makes people agile, heavy soil makes people slow, clear water results in small voices, turbid water results in loud voices, rapid water makes people light/agile, sluggish water makes people heavy/steady, central earth produces many sages. (From *Huainanzi: Honglie Jie*)