（《纲目》）
【集解】时珍曰∶此淘米杓也。有木杓、瓢杓，皆可用。
【主治】面上风粟，或青或黄赤，隐暗涩痛，及人唇上生疮者，本家杓上刮去唇砂一、
二粒，即安。又妇人吹乳，取砂七枚，温酒送下，更以炊帚枝通乳孔。此皆莫解其理（时珍）。
（《唐本草》）
【集解】李绩曰∶石燕出零陵。
恭曰∶永州祁阳县西北一十五里土冈上，掘深丈余取之。形似蚶而小，坚重如石也。俗
云∶因雷雨则自石穴中出，随雨飞堕者，妄也。
颂曰∶祁阳县江畔沙滩上有之。或云∶生洞中，凝僵似石者佳，采无时。
宗 曰∶石燕如蚬蛤之状，色如土，坚重如石。既无羽翼，焉能飞出？其言近妄。
时珍曰∶石燕有二∶一种是此，乃石类也，状类燕而有纹，圆大者为雄，长小者为雌；
一种是钟乳穴中石燕，似蝙蝠者，食乳汁能飞，乃禽类也，见禽部禽石燕食乳，食之补助，
与钟乳同功，故方书助阳药多用之。俗人不知，往往用此石为助阳药，刊于方册，误矣。
【气味】甘，凉，无毒。
【主治】淋疾，煮汁饮之。妇人难产，两手各把一枚，立验（《唐本》）。
疗眼目障翳，诸般淋沥，久患消渴，脏腑频泻，肠风痔 ，年久不瘥，面色虚黄，饮食
无味，妇人月水湛浊，赤白带下多年者，每日磨汁饮之。一枚用三日，以此为准。亦可为末，
水飞过，每日服半钱至一钱，米饮服。至一月，诸疾悉平（时珍）。
【发明】时珍曰∶石燕性凉，乃利窍行湿热之物。宋人修本草，以食钟乳、禽石燕，混
收入此石燕下。故世俗误传此石能助阳，不知其正相反也。
【附方】旧三，新八。
伤寒尿涩，小腹胀满∶石燕为末。葱白汤调下半钱，频服，胀通为度。（《圣惠方》）
小便淋痛∶石燕子七枚（捣黍米大），新桑根白皮三两（锉）。
拌匀，分作七贴。每贴用水一盏，煎七分，空心、午前各一服。（《简要济众》）
血淋心烦∶石燕子、商陆、赤小豆、红花等分，为末。每服一钱，葱白汤调下。（《圣
惠方》）
久年肠风∶石燕磨水，常服勿歇。（《灵苑方》）
赤白带下，多年不止∶石燕一枚，磨水服，立效。（《徐氏家传方》）
襁褓吐乳，咳嗽，久不愈∶石燕子为末。蜜调少许，涂唇上，日三、五次。（《卫生宝
鉴》）
拳毛倒睫∶石燕子（一雌一雄）。磨水点搽眼。先以镊子摘去拳毛，乃点药，后以黄连
水洗之。（《乾坤生意》）
牢牙止痛∶石燕三对（火 醋淬七次），青盐、乳香各一两，细辛半两。为末。揩之，
荆
芥汤漱口。一方∶去乳香、细辛，加麝香。齿疏不坚∶石燕子五对（火 、米醋淬七次，为
末），青盐、麝香各少许。研匀。日用揩牙后，以温酒漱咽之。（元遗山方）服石发动∶石燕
子七个（打碎）。水三升，煮二升，频频淋洗，以瘥为度。（《圣济》）
（《本草纲目》）
【集解】李时珍说：这是淘米用的勺子。有木勺、瓢勺，都可以使用。
【主治】面部出现风邪引起的粟粒状皮疹，颜色或青、或黄、或红赤，伴有隐痛和涩痛感，以及人嘴唇上生疮的病症。取自家使用的勺子上刮下唇边的一两粒“砂”（即石燕），即可痊愈。另外，妇女乳汁不通（吹乳），取七枚石燕，用温酒送服，并用炊帚枝疏通乳孔。这些道理目前都无法解释清楚（李时珍）。
（《唐本草》）
【集解】李绩说：石燕产于零陵。
苏恭说：在永州祁阳县西北十五里的土冈上，挖掘一丈多深才能取得。形状像蚶但较小，坚硬沉重如石头。民间传说：因为雷雨天气，它们就会从石穴中飞出，随着雨水坠落，这是荒谬的说法。
苏颂说：在祁阳县江畔的沙滩上有出产。有人说：生长在洞穴中，凝结僵硬像石头的是上品，采集没有固定时间。
寇宗奭说：石燕形状像蚬蛤，颜色像泥土，坚硬沉重如石头。既然没有翅膀，怎么能飞出来？这种说法接近荒谬。
李时珍说：石燕有两种：一种是上述这种，属于石类，形状像燕子且有纹理，圆大的为雄，长小的为雌；另一种是钟乳洞中的石燕，形状像蝙蝠，食用钟乳后能飞翔，属于禽类，见禽部“禽石燕”。食用它能补助身体，功效与钟乳相同，所以医方书中辅助阳气的药物多用它。世俗之人不懂，往往误用这种石头作为助阳药，刊印在医书里，是错误的。
【气味】味甘，性凉，无毒。
【主治】淋疾，煮汁饮用。妇女难产，双手各握一枚，立即见效（《唐本草》）。
治疗眼目障翳，各种淋沥不尽的症状，长期患有消渴症，脏腑频繁腹泻，肠风痔漏，多年不愈，面色虚黄，饮食无味，妇女月经浑浊，赤白带下多年的情况，每天磨汁饮用。一枚石燕可用三天，以此为准。也可以研成粉末，用水飞法处理，每天服用半钱至一钱，用米饮送服。一个月后，各种疾病都会平复（李时珍）。
【发明】李时珍说：石燕性凉，是通利窍道、行散湿热的药物。宋代人修订本草时，将食用钟乳的禽石燕混收在此种石燕之下。因此世俗误传此石能助阳，不知道其功效恰恰相反。
【附方】旧方三个，新方八个。
伤寒导致尿涩、小腹胀满：将石燕研末。用葱白汤调服半钱，频繁服用，直到胀气通畅为止。（《圣惠方》）
小便淋痛：石燕子七枚（捣碎如黍米大小），新桑根白皮三两（锉碎）。
拌匀，分成七贴。每贴用水一盏，煎至七分，空腹、午前各服一次。（《简要济众方》）
血淋伴心烦：石燕子、商陆、赤小豆、红花等分，研末。每次服用一钱，用葱白汤调服。（《圣惠方》）
多年肠风：将石燕磨水，经常服用不要间断。（《灵苑方》）
赤白带下，多年不止：石燕一枚，磨水服用，立即见效。（《徐氏家传方》）
婴儿吐乳，咳嗽，久治不愈：石燕研末。用蜂蜜调和少许，涂在嘴唇上，每天三到五次。（《卫生宝鉴》）
拳毛倒睫：石燕子（一雄一雌）。磨水点搽眼部。先用镊子拔掉卷曲的睫毛，再点药，最后用黄连水洗眼。（《乾坤生意》）
坚固牙齿止痛：石燕三对（用火煅烧后用醋淬七次），青盐、乳香各一两，细辛半两。研末。刷牙时用，之后用荆芥汤漱口。另一方法：去掉乳香、细辛，加麝香。牙齿稀疏不坚固：石燕子五对（用火煅烧后用米醋淬七次，研末），青盐、麝香各少许。研匀。每天刷牙后，用温酒漱口并咽下。（元遗山方）服用石燕引发不适：石燕子七个（打碎）。水三升，煮至二升，频频淋洗患处，以痊愈为度。（《圣济总录》）
(From *Bencao Gangmu* [Compendium of Materia Medica])
【Jijie (Collected Explanations)】 Li Shizhen states: This refers to the scoop used for rinsing rice. Wooden scoops and gourd scoops are both usable.
【Zhuzhi (Indications)】 For facial wind-induced millet-like rashes, which may appear blue, yellow, or reddish, accompanied by dull pain and astringency, as well as sores on the lips. Scrape one or two grains of "sand" (i.e., Shiyan, Stone Swallow) from the rim of a household scoop; this will bring relief. Additionally, for women suffering from mastitis (blocked milk ducts), take seven pieces of Shiyan, swallow them with warm wine, and use a broom twig to unblock the nipple. The rationale behind these methods remains unclear (Li Shizhen).
(From *Tang Bencao* [Tang Dynasty Materia Medica])
【Jijie (Collected Explanations)】 Li Ji states: Shiyan is produced in Lingling.
Su Gong states: It is found by digging more than one zhang deep on an earthen mound fifteen li northwest of Qiyang County, Yongzhou. Its shape resembles a clam but is smaller, hard and heavy like stone. Folklore claims that during thunderstorms, they emerge from stone caves and fly down with the rain; this is absurd.
Su Song states: They are found on the sandy beaches along the riverbank in Qiyang County. Some say they grow in caves; those that are condensed, stiff, and stone-like are of superior quality. They can be gathered at any time.
Kou Zongshi states: Shiyan resembles clams or cockles, has a soil-colored appearance, and is hard and heavy like stone. Since it lacks wings, how can it fly? Such talk is close to nonsense.
Li Shizhen states: There are two types of Shiyan: One is the type described above, belonging to the mineral class. It resembles a swallow with patterns; round and large ones are male, while long and small ones are female. The other type is the Shiyan found in stalactite caves, resembling bats. These consume stalactite milk and can fly; they belong to the avian class. See "Avian Shiyan" in the Avian section. Consuming them provides nourishment and has the same efficacy as Stalactite (Zhuru), so formulas aiding Yang qi often use them. Laypeople do not understand this and mistakenly use this stone as an aphrodisiac, publishing it in medical texts, which is erroneous.
【Qiwei (Flavor and Properties)】 Sweet, cool, non-toxic.
【Zhuzhi (Indications)】 For Lin syndrome (dysuria/painful urination), decoct and drink the juice. For difficult labor in women, holding one piece in each hand yields immediate results (*Tang Bencao*).
It treats eye opacities, various types of dribbling discharge, chronic Xiao Ke (wasting-thirst/diabetes), frequent organ diarrhea, Chang Feng (intestinal wind/hemorrhoids) lasting many years without healing, sallow complexion, loss of taste, turbid menstruation in women, and chronic leukorrhea (red and white vaginal discharge). Grind into juice daily for consumption. One piece lasts three days, using this as the standard. It can also be powdered, processed by water flotation, and taken half a qian to one qian daily with rice water. After one month, all ailments should subside (Li Shizhen).
【Faming (Elucidation)】 Li Shizhen states: Shiyan is cool in nature and acts to open orifices and move damp-heat. During the Song dynasty revision of the Materia Medica, the avian Shiyan that consumes stalactite milk was incorrectly grouped under this mineral Shiyan. Consequently, folk custom mistakenly believes this stone aids Yang qi, unaware that its effect is actually opposite.
【Fu Fang (Attached Formulas)】 Three old formulas, eight new formulas.
Shang Han (Cold Damage) causing urinary obstruction and lower abdominal fullness: Powder the Shiyan. Mix half a qian with scallion white decoction and take frequently until distension resolves (*Shenghui Fang*).
Dysuria with pain: Seven Shiyan seeds (crushed to the size of millet seeds), three liang of fresh mulberry root bark (chopped).
Mix evenly, divide into seven doses. Each dose is decocted with one cup of water until reduced to 70%. Take once on an empty stomach and once before noon (*Jianyao Jizhong Fang*).
Blood Lin with restlessness: Equal parts Shiyan seeds, Phytolacca radix (Shanglu), Adzuki beans (Chixiaodou), and Safflower (Honghua). Powder them. Take one qian per dose, mixed with scallion white decoction (*Shenghui Fang*).
Chronic intestinal wind: Grind Shiyan with water and take regularly without interruption (*Lingyuan Fang*).
Chronic red and white leukorrhea: Grind one piece of Shiyan with water and take; effects are immediate (*Xu Family Prescribed Formula*).
Infant vomiting milk and coughing, chronic and unhealed: Powder the Shiyan. Mix a small amount with honey and apply to the lips, three to five times daily (*Weisheng Baojian*).
Entropion (inverted eyelashes): Shiyan (one male, one female). Grind with water and apply to the eyes. First, pluck the inverted lashes with tweezers, then apply the medicine, and finally wash the eyes with Coptis chinensis (Huanglian) water (*Qiankun Shengyi*).
Strengthen teeth and relieve pain: Three pairs of Shiyan (calcined and quenched in vinegar seven times), one liang of Blue Vitriol (Qingyan), one liang of Frankincense (Ruxiang), and half a liang of Asarum (Xixin). Powder them. Use for brushing teeth, then rinse mouth with Schizonepeta (Jingjie) decoction. Alternative formula: Remove Ruxiang and Xixin, add Musk (Shexiang). Loose and weak teeth: Five pairs of Shiyan seeds (calcined and quenched in rice vinegar seven times, powdered), a small amount of Qingyan and Shexiang. Grind uniformly. After daily tooth brushing, rinse mouth with warm wine and swallow (*Yuan Yishan Formula*).
Reaction to taking Shiyan: Seven Shiyan seeds (crushed). Decoct three sheng of water until reduced to two sheng. Frequently wash/rinse the affected area until healed (*Shengji Zonglu*).