（宋《开宝》）
【校正】并入《拾遗》文林郎果。
【释名】来禽（《法帖》）、文林郎果。
《藏器》曰∶文林郎生渤海间。云其树从河中浮来，有文林郎拾得种之，因以为名。
曰∶文林郎，南人呼为 是矣。
时珍曰∶案∶洪玉父云∶此果味甘，能来众禽于林，故有林禽、来禽之名。又唐高宗时
，纪王李谨得五色林檎似朱柰以贡。帝大悦，赐谨为文林郎。人因呼林檎为文林郎果。又《
述征记》云∶林檎实佳美。其 微大而状丑，有毛而香，关辅乃有，江南甚希。据此，则
林檎是文林郎，非 也。
【集解】志曰∶林檎，在处有之。树似柰，皆二月开粉红花。子亦如柰而差圆，六月、
七月熟。
颂曰∶亦有甘、酢二种∶甘者，早熟而味脆美；酢者，差晚，须烂熟乃堪啖。今医家干
之入治伤寒药，谓之林檎散。
时珍曰∶林檎，即柰之小而圆者。其味酢者，即楸子也。其类有金林檎、红林檎、水林
檎、蜜林檎、黑林檎，皆以色味立名。黑者色似紫柰。有冬月再实者。林檎熟时，晒干研末
点汤服甚美，谓之林檎 。僧赞宁《物类相感志》云∶林檎树生毛虫，埋蚕蛾于下，或以洗
鱼水浇之即止。皆物性之妙也。
【气味】酸、甘，温，无毒。
思邈曰∶酸、苦，平，涩，无毒。多食令人百脉弱。
志曰∶多食发热及冷痰涩气，令人好唾，或生疮疖，闭百脉。其子食之，令人烦心。
【主治】下气消痰，治霍乱肚痛（大明）。消渴者，宜食之（苏颂）。疗水谷痢、泄精（孟
诜）。小儿闪癖（时珍）。
【附方】旧三。
水痢不止∶林檎（半熟者）十枚。水二升，煎一升，并林檎食之。（《食医心镜》）
小儿下痢∶林檎、构子同杵汁，任意服之。（《子母秘录》）
小儿闪癖，头发竖黄，瘰 瘦弱者∶干林檎脯研末，和醋敷之。（同上）
东行根
【主治】白虫、蛔虫，消渴好唾（孟诜）。
（宋《开宝本草》）
【校正】将相关内容并入《拾遗》中关于“文林郎果”的记载。
【释名】来禽（出自《法帖》）、文林郎果。
唐代陈藏器在《本草拾遗》中说：文林郎果生长在渤海一带。传说这棵树是从河中漂来的，有一位名叫文林郎的人捡到并种植了它，因此得名。
有人解释说：文林郎是南方人对这种果实的称呼，这是正确的。
李时珍说：根据考证，洪玉父曾说：这种果实味道甘甜，能引来许多禽鸟在林间聚集，所以有“林禽”、“来禽”的名称。另外，唐高宗时期，纪王李谨进贡了一种像朱柰一样的五色林檎。皇帝非常高兴，赐封李谨为文林郎。人们因此称林檎为文林郎果。又据《述征记》记载：林檎果实佳美。而楸子（此处原文缺字，指楸子）微大且形状丑陋，有毛但香气浓郁，只在关中地区有生长，江南地区很少见。据此判断，林檎就是文林郎果，而不是楸子。
【集解】苏颂说：林檎各地都有生长。树形像柰（沙果），都在二月开出粉红色的花。果实也像柰但更圆一些，六月、七月成熟。
苏颂又说：也有甜、酸两种：甜的早熟，味道脆美；酸的晚熟，必须完全烂熟才能食用。现在的医家将其晒干后用于治疗伤寒的药物中，称为“林檎散”。
李时珍说：林檎，就是小而圆的柰。味道酸的，就是楸子。其品种有金林檎、红林檎、水林檎、蜜林檎、黑林檎，都是根据颜色和味道命名的。黑色的颜色像紫柰。有的林檎在冬天会再次结果。林檎成熟时，晒干研成粉末，用开水冲服，味道很美，称为“林檎茶”。僧人赞宁在《物类相感志》中说：林檎树上生有毛虫，如果在树下埋入蚕蛾，或者用洗过鱼的水浇灌树木，毛虫就会停止滋生。这都是事物性质的奥妙之处。
【气味】酸、甘，温，无毒。
孙思邈说：酸、苦，平，涩，无毒。多吃会使人体百脉虚弱。
苏颂说：多吃会引起发热以及冷痰阻滞气机，使人喜欢吐唾沫，或者生疮疖，闭塞百脉。吃它的果实，会使人心中烦闷。
【主治】下气消痰，治疗霍乱引起的腹痛（出自李大明）。患有消渴症的人，适宜食用（苏颂）。治疗水谷痢疾、滑精（孟诜）。治疗小儿闪癖（李时珍）。
【附方】原有三个方剂。
水泻不止：取半成熟的林檎十个。用水两升，煎至一升，连同林檎一起吃掉。（出自《食医心镜》）
小儿痢疾：将林檎和构子捣碎取汁，随意服用。（出自《子母秘录》）
小儿闪癖，头发竖立枯黄，患瘰疬且身体瘦弱：将干林檎脯研成粉末，调和醋敷患处。（同上）
(Song Dynasty *Kaibao Bencao*)
[Correction] Merged into the text regarding "Wenlinlang Fruit" in *Shiyi* (Supplement to Materia Medica).
[Names] Laiqin (from *Fatie*), Wenlinlang Fruit.
Chen Cangqi of the Tang Dynasty stated in *Bencao Shiyi*: Wenlinlang fruit grows in the Bohai region. It is said that this tree floated down from a river, and an official named Wenlinlang picked it up and planted it, hence the name.
Some explain: Wenlinlang is the southern term for this fruit, which is correct.
Li Shizhen states: According to research, Hong Yufu said: This fruit is sweet in taste and can attract many birds to gather in the woods, thus having the names "Lin Qin" and "Lai Qin". Furthermore, during the reign of Emperor Gaozong of Tang, Prince Ji, Li Jin, presented five-colored Lin Qin resembling Zhu Nai as tribute. The Emperor was greatly pleased and conferred upon Li Jin the title of Wenlinlang. People therefore called Lin Qin "Wenlinlang Fruit". Additionally, *Shuzheng Ji* records: Lin Qin fruits are excellent and beautiful. In contrast, Qiu Zi (Chaenomeles speciosa) is slightly larger and ugly in shape, has hairs but possesses fragrance, grows only in the Guanfu region, and is very rare in Jiangnan. Based on this, Lin Qin is indeed Wenlinlang Fruit, not Qiu Zi.
[Ji Jie / Collection and Explanation] Su Song states: Lin Qin is found everywhere. The tree resembles Nai (Chinese quince), blooming with pink flowers in February. The fruit is also like Nai but rounder, ripening in June and July.
Su Song further states: There are two varieties: sweet and sour. The sweet variety matures early and tastes crisp and delicious; the sour variety matures later and must be thoroughly soft before it is edible. Currently, medical practitioners dry them and incorporate them into formulas treating Shanghan (Cold Damage Disease), referred to as "Lin Qin San".
Li Shizhen states: Lin Qin is essentially a small and round Nai. The sour-tasting variety is Qiu Zi. Its categories include Jin Lin Qin, Hong Lin Qin, Shui Lin Qin, Mi Lin Qin, and Hei Lin Qin, all named according to color and taste. The black variety resembles Zi Nai in color. Some Lin Qin trees bear fruit twice, even in winter. When Lin Qin is ripe, it can be sun-dried, ground into powder, and taken with hot water, which is very delicious, known as "Lin Qin Cha". The monk Zanning wrote in *Wulei Xianggan Zhi*: Lin Qin trees produce hairy caterpillars; if silkworm pupae are buried beneath the tree, or if water used for washing fish is poured onto the tree, the generation of these caterpillars stops. These are wonders of natural properties.
[Qi Wei / Flavor and Properties] Sour, sweet, warm, non-toxic.
Sun Simiao states: Sour, bitter, neutral, astringent, non-toxic. Excessive consumption causes weakness in the hundred vessels.
Su Song states: Excessive consumption leads to fever and cold phlegm obstructing Qi flow, causing frequent spitting, or the development of sores and boils, blocking the hundred vessels. Consuming its fruit causes mental restlessness.
[ Zhu Zhi / Indications] Directs Qi downward and resolves phlegm; treats abdominal pain caused by Huoluan (Cholera-like syndrome) (Li Daming). Suitable for consumption by those suffering from Xiaoke (Wasting and Thirsting Syndrome) (Su Song). Treats Shuili Li (Water and Grain Dysentery) and Jing Xi (Spermatorrhea) (Meng Shen). Treats Xiao'er Shan Pi (Pediatric Flash Mass/Paralysis) (Li Shizhen).
[Attached Formulas] Three existing formulas.
Unremitting Watery Diarrhea: Take ten semi-ripe Lin Qin fruits. Decoct in two sheng of water until one sheng remains. Consume both the liquid and the fruit together. (*Shiyi Xinjing*)
Pediatric Dysentery: Crush Lin Qin and Gou Zi together to extract juice. Take as desired. (*Zimu Milu*)
Pediatric Shan Pi, with hair standing upright and yellow/dry, suffering from Luoli (Scrofula) and emaciation: Grind dried Lin Qin preservative into powder, mix with vinegar, and apply externally. (Ibid.)
[Dong Xing Gen / East-Facing Root]
[Zhu Zhi / Indications] Expels Bai Chong (White Parasites) and Hui Chong (Roundworms); treats Xiaoke and excessive salivation (Meng Shen).