（宋《开宝》）
【释名】金球、鹄壳。
时珍曰∶案∶陆佃《埤雅》云∶橙，柚属也。可登而成之，故字从登。又谐声也。
【集解】志曰∶橙，树似橘而叶大，其形圆，大于橘而香，皮浓而皱，八月熟。
时珍曰∶橙产南土，其实似柚而香，叶有两刻，缺如两段，亦有一种气臭者。柚乃柑属
之大者，早黄难留；橙乃橘属之大者，晚熟耐久，皆有大小二种。案∶《事类合璧》云∶橙
树高枝，叶不甚类橘，亦有刺。其实大者如碗，颇似朱栾，经霜早熟，色黄皮浓，蹙衄如沸
，香气馥郁。其皮可以熏衣，可以 鲜，可以和菹醢，可以为酱齑，可以蜜煎，可以糖制为
橙丁，可以蜜制为橙膏。嗅之则香，食之则美，诚佳果也。
宗 曰∶橙皮，今只以为果，或合汤待宾，未见入药。宿酒未解者，食之速醒。
【气味】酸，寒，无毒。
士良曰∶暖。多食伤肝气，发虚热。与 肉同食，发头旋恶心。
时珍曰∶ 乃水獭之属也。诸家本草皆作槟榔，误矣。
【主治】洗去酸汁，切和盐、蜜，煎成贮食，止恶心，能去胃中浮风恶气（《开宝》）。
行风气，疗瘿气，发瘰 ，杀鱼、蟹毒（士良）。
皮
【气味】苦、辛，温，无毒。
【主治】作酱、醋香美，散肠胃恶气，消食下气，去胃中浮风气（《开宝》）。和盐贮食
，止恶心，解酒病（孟诜）。糖作橙丁，甘美，消痰下气，利膈宽中，解酒（时珍）。
【附方】新二。
香橙汤∶宽中快气，消酒。用橙皮二斤（切片），生姜五两（切，焙，擂烂），入炙甘草
末一
痔疮肿痛∶隔年风干橙子，桶内烧烟熏之，神效。（《医方摘要》）
核
【主治】面 粉刺，湿研，夜夜涂之（时珍）。
【附方】新一。
闪挫腰痛∶橙子核，炒研，酒服三钱，即愈。（《摄生方》）
【宋《开宝本草》】
【释名】金球、鹄壳。
李时珍说：据考证，陆佃在《埤雅》中说：橙，属于柚类。可以登树采摘而成，所以“橙”字从“登”。又是谐音造字。
【集解】苏颂说：橙，树形像橘但叶子较大，果实形状圆，比橘大且有香气，皮厚而皱，八月成熟。
李时珍说：橙产于南方土地，其果实像柚但有香气，叶片有两处缺口，断开如两段，也有一种气味臭的。柚是柑属中较大的品种，早熟且不易保存；橙是橘属中较大的品种，晚熟且耐储存，都有大小两种。据考证，《事类合璧》说：橙树高大，叶子不太像橘叶，也有刺。果实大的像碗，很像朱栾（一种柑橘），经霜后早熟，颜色黄皮厚，表面褶皱如沸腾的水，香气浓郁。它的皮可以用来熏衣，可以用来保鲜，可以和腌菜肉酱一起食用，可以做酱醋，可以蜜煎，可以用糖制成橙丁，可以用蜜制成橙膏。闻起来香，吃起来美，确实是佳果。
寇宗奭说：橙皮，现在只作为水果，或者煮汤招待宾客，未见入药。宿醉未解的人，吃了它能快速醒酒。
【气味】酸，寒，无毒。
士良说：性暖。多吃伤肝气，引发虚热。与獭肉同食，引发头晕恶心。
李时珍说：獭是水獭一类动物。各家本草都写作“槟榔”，是错误的。
【主治】洗去酸汁，切片加盐、蜜，煎煮后贮存食用，可止恶心，能去除胃中浮风恶气（《开宝本草》）。
行散风气，治疗瘿气，消散瘰疬，杀灭鱼、蟹毒（士良）。
【皮】
【气味】苦、辛，温，无毒。
【主治】做酱、醋味道香美，疏散肠胃恶气，消食下气，去除胃中浮风气（《开宝本草》）。加盐贮存食用，止恶心，解酒病（孟诜）。用糖做成橙丁，甘美，消痰下气，利膈宽中，解酒（李时珍）。
【附方】新收录两则。
香橙汤：宽中快气，消酒。用橙皮二斤（切片），生姜五两（切，焙干，捣烂），加入炙甘草末一钱。
痔疮肿痛：隔年的风干橙子，在桶内燃烧烟雾熏蒸患处，神效。（《医方摘要》）
【核】
【主治】面部粉刺，湿研细粉，每晚涂抹（李时珍）。
[Song Dynasty *Kaibao Bencao*]
[Names] Jinqiu (Golden Ball), Huke.
Li Shizhen states: According to research, Lu Tuan in *Piya* says: Orange belongs to the citron family. It can be harvested by climbing trees, hence the character "Cheng" (Orange) contains the radical for "climb" (Deng). It is also a phonetic loan character.
[Collected Explanations] Su Song states: The orange tree resembles the kumquat but has larger leaves. The fruit is round, larger than the kumquat and fragrant, with thick and wrinkled skin, ripening in August.
Li Shizhen states: Oranges are produced in southern regions. Their fruits resemble citrons but are fragrant. The leaves have two notches, appearing as if broken into two segments. There is also a variety with an unpleasant odor. Citrons (You) are large varieties of the mandarin orange genus, ripening early and difficult to store; Oranges (Cheng) are large varieties of the tangerine genus, ripening late and durable. Both have large and small varieties. According to *Shilei Hebi*: The orange tree is tall, its leaves do not closely resemble those of the kumquat, and it has thorns. Large fruits are bowl-sized, resembling Zhuluan (a type of citrus). They ripen early after frost, are yellow with thick skin, and the surface is crinkled like boiling water, with a rich fragrance. The peel can be used to scent clothes, preserve freshness, mix with pickles and meat sauces, make condiments, be candied in honey, or made into orange paste with sugar. Smelling it is fragrant, eating it is delicious; truly a fine fruit.
Kong Zongshi states: Orange peel is currently only used as a fruit, or boiled in soup to entertain guests, and is not seen in medicinal prescriptions. For those suffering from hangovers, eating it helps sober up quickly.
[Properties and Flavor] Sour, cold, non-toxic.
Shiliang states: Warm. Excessive consumption damages liver qi and induces deficiency heat. Eating it with otter meat causes dizziness and nausea.
Li Shizhen states: Otter refers to aquatic otters. All previous materia medica texts wrote this as "Binglang" (Areca Nut), which is incorrect.
[Therapeutic Actions] Wash away the acidic juice, slice and mix with salt and honey, decoct and store for consumption. It stops nausea and removes floating wind and evil qi from the stomach (*Kaibao Bencao*).
It circulates wind qi, treats goiter qi, dissipates scrofula, and kills fish and crab toxins (Shiliang).
[Peel]
[Properties and Flavor] Bitter, pungent, warm, non-toxic.
[Therapeutic Actions] When made into sauce or vinegar, it enhances flavor. It disperses evil qi in the intestines and stomach, aids digestion and directs qi downward, and removes floating wind qi from the stomach (*Kaibao Bencao*). Stored with salt, it stops nausea and resolves alcohol intoxication (Meng Shen). Made into orange cubes with sugar, it is sweet and delicious, resolves phlegm, directs qi downward, benefits the diaphragm and broadens the middle jiao, and resolves alcohol intoxication (Li Shizhen).
[Attached Prescriptions] Two new prescriptions.
Xiangcheng Tang (Fragrant Orange Decoction): Broadens the middle jiao, promotes qi circulation, and resolves alcohol. Use 2 jin (approx. 1 kg) of orange peel (sliced), 5 liang (approx. 250 g) of fresh ginger (sliced, dried over fire, pounded into a paste), and add 1 qian (approx. 3-5 g) of roasted licorice powder.
Hemorrhoid swelling and pain: Burn dried oranges from the previous year in a barrel and fumigate the affected area with the smoke. This is highly effective (*Yifang Jiangyi*).
[Pits/Seeds]
[Therapeutic Actions] For facial acne, grind wet seeds into a fine powder and apply nightly (Li Shizhen).
[Attached Prescription] One new prescription.
Sprain and strain lower back pain: Roast orange pits, grind into powder, and take 3 qian (approx. 9-15 g) with wine. Recovery is immediate (*Shesheng Fang*).