（《拾遗》）
【释名】水晶（《纲目》）、水玉（《纲目》）、石英。
时珍曰∶莹澈晶光，如水之精英，会意也。《山海经》谓之水玉，《广雅》谓之
石英。
【集解】时珍曰∶水精，亦颇黎之属，有黑、白二色。倭国多水精，第一。南水精白，
北水精黑，信州、武昌水精浊。性坚而脆，刀刮不动，色澈如泉，清明而莹，置水中无瑕、
不见珠者佳。古语云水化，谬言也。药烧成者，有气眼，谓之硝子，一名海水精。《抱朴子》
言∶交广人作假水精碗，是此。
【气味】辛，寒，无毒。
【主治】熨目，除热泪（藏器）。亦入点目药。穿串吞咽中，推引诸哽物（时珍）。
【附录】火珠 时珍曰∶《说文》谓之火齐珠。《汉书》谓之玫瑰（音枚回）。《唐书》云∶
东南海中有罗刹国，出火齐珠，大者如鸡卵，状类水精，圆白，照数尺。日中以艾承之则得
火，用灸艾炷不伤人。今占城国有之，名朝霞大火珠。又《续汉书》云∶哀牢夷出火精、琉
璃，则火齐乃火精之讹，正与水精对。
石（音软）时珍曰∶出雁门。石次于玉，白色如冰，亦有赤者。《山海经》云∶北山
多石。《礼》云∶士佩 玫，是也。
（《拾遗》）
【释名】火齐。
时珍曰∶《汉书》作流离，言其流光陆离也。火齐，与火珠同名。
【集解】藏器曰∶《集韵》云∶琉璃，火齐珠也。《南州异物志》云∶琉璃，本质是石，
以自然灰治之可为器，石不得此则不可释。佛经所谓七宝者，琉璃、车渠、马脑、玻璃、真
珠是也。时珍曰∶按∶《魏略》云∶大秦国出金银琉璃，有赤、白、黄、黑、青、绿、缥、
绀、红、紫十种。此乃自然之物，泽润光采，逾于众玉。今俗所用，皆销冶石汁，以众药灌
而为之，虚脆不贞。《格古论》云∶石琉璃出高丽，刀刮不动，色白，浓半寸许，可点灯，
明于牛角者。《异物志》云∶南天竺诸国出火齐，状如云母，色如紫金，重沓可开，析之则
薄如蝉翼，积之乃如纱 ，亦琉璃、云母之类也。按∶此石今人以作灯球，明莹而坚耐久。
苏颂言亦可入药，未见用者。
【主治】身热目赤，以水浸冷熨之（藏器）。
（出自《本草拾遗》）
【释名】水晶（出自《本草纲目》）、水玉（出自《本草纲目》）、石英。
李时珍说：晶莹清澈，光芒闪耀，像水的精华，这是取意于其形态。《山海经》称它为水玉，《广雅》称它为石英。
【集解】李时珍说：水精，也属于颇黎（玻璃）一类，有黑、白两种颜色。日本国出产的水精最好。南方产的水精色白，北方产的水精色黑，信州和武昌产的水精质地浑浊。性质坚硬而脆，刀刮不动，色泽清澈如泉水，清明晶莹，放入水中没有瑕疵、看不见珠子的为佳。古语说它能化为水，是荒谬的说法。药物烧制而成的，有气眼，称为硝子，又名海水精。《抱朴子》中说：交州和广州的人制作假水精碗，就是这种材料。
【气味】味辛，性寒，无毒。
【主治】热敷眼睛，去除热泪（陈藏器）。也可用于配制点眼药。穿成串吞服，可推动引出各种哽塞物（李时珍）。
【附录】火珠 李时珍说：《说文解字》称之为火齐珠。《汉书》称之为玫瑰（读音枚回）。《唐书》记载：东南海中有罗刹国，出产火齐珠，大的像鸡蛋，形状类似水精，圆白色，能照亮数尺。正午时用艾草承接阳光就能得到火，用它来灸艾炷不伤人。现在占城国有这种珠子，名叫朝霞大火珠。又《续汉书》记载：哀牢夷人出产火精、琉璃，那么火齐就是火精的讹误，正好与水精相对。
石（读音软）李时珍说：出产于雁门。石次于玉，白色像冰，也有红色的。《山海经》说：北山多石。《礼记》说：士佩戴玫，指的就是这种石头。
（出自《本草拾遗》）
【释名】火齐。
李时珍说：《汉书》写作流离，是说它流光溢彩的样子。火齐，与火珠同名。
【集解】陈藏器说：《集韵》记载：琉璃，就是火齐珠。《南州异物志》记载：琉璃，本质是石头，用天然的灰处理它可以制成器皿，石头如果不经过这种处理就不能溶解。佛经所说的七宝中，琉璃、车渠、玛瑙、玻璃、真珠就是这些。李时珍说：查考《魏略》记载：大秦国出产金银琉璃，有赤、白、黄、黑、青、绿、缥、绀、红、紫十种颜色。这是天然之物，润泽光彩，超过一般的玉石。现在世俗所用的，都是熔化冶炼石汁，加入各种药物灌注而成，虚脆不坚固。《格古论》记载：石琉璃出产于高丽，刀刮不动，颜色白，厚约半寸，可以用来点灯，比牛角更明亮。《异物志》记载：南天竺各国出产火齐，形状像云母，颜色像紫金，层层重叠可以打开，劈开后薄如蝉翼，堆积起来就像纱一样。按：这种石头现在人们用来做灯球，明亮晶莹且坚固耐用。苏颂说也可以入药，但未见有人使用。
【主治】身体发热，眼睛红肿，用水浸冷后热敷患处（陈藏器）。
(From *Bencao Shiyi* [Supplement to the Materia Medica])
[Names] Shuijing (Rock Crystal, from *Bencao Gangmu*), Shuiyu (Water Jade, from *Bencao Gangmu*), Shiying (Quartz).
Li Shizhen said: It is crystal clear and shining, like the essence of water; this name is derived from its meaning. *Shanhai Jing* (*Classic of Mountains and Seas*) calls it Shuiyu, and *Guangya* calls it Shiying.
[Collection and Explanation] Li Shizhen said: Shuijing also belongs to the category of Poluo (glass), existing in black and white colors. Japan produces the best Shuijing. Southern Shuijing is white, Northern Shuijing is black, while that from Xinzhou and Wuchang is turbid. Its nature is hard yet brittle, resistant to knife scraping. Its color is clear as spring water, bright and lustrous; specimens placed in water without flaws or visible inclusions are considered superior. The ancient saying that it transforms into water is a fallacy. Materials fired for medicinal purposes have air pores and are called Xiaozi, also known as Haishuijing. *Baopuzi* states: People in Jiaozhou and Guangzhou make fake Shuijing bowls using this material.
[Odor and Taste] Pungent, cold, non-toxic.
[Indications] Apply as a hot compress to the eyes to remove hot tears (Chen Cangqi). It can also be used in eye-drop formulations. When strung and swallowed, it can help push out various ingested foreign bodies (Li Shizhen).
[Appendix] Huozhu (Fire Pearl) Li Shizhen said: *Shuowen Jiezi* refers to it as Huoqi Zhu. *Han Shu* (*Book of Han*) calls it Meigui (pronounced Mei-hui). *Tang Shu* (*History of Tang*) records: In the southeastern sea lies the Kingdom of Luocha, which produces Huoqi Zhu. The largest are the size of chicken eggs, resembling Shuijing in shape, round and white, illuminating several feet. At noon, fire can be kindled by holding mugwort under it to focus sunlight; when used for moxibustion, it does not harm the patient. Currently, the Kingdom of Champa possesses such pearls, named Zhaoxia Dahuo Zhu. Additionally, *Xu Hanshu* (*Continued Book of Han*) records: The Ailao Yi people produce Huojing and Liuli; thus, Huoqi is an error for Huojing, standing in opposition to Shuijing.
Ruanshi (Soft Stone) Li Shizhen said: Produced in Yanmen. This stone ranks below jade, is white like ice, and some are red. *Shanhai Jing* states: The northern mountains abound in Ruanshi. *Liji* (*Book of Rites*) states: Scholars wear Meigui, referring to this stone.
(From *Bencao Shiyi* [Supplement to the Materia Medica])
[Names] Huoqi.
Li Shizhen said: *Han Shu* writes it as Liuli, describing its flowing and variegated luster. Huoqi shares the same name as Huozhu.
[Collection and Explanation] Chen Cangqi said: *Jiyun* states: Liuli is Huoqi Zhu. *Nanzhou Yiwuzhi* states: Liuli is essentially stone; treated with natural ash, it can be formed into vessels; otherwise, the stone cannot be dissolved. The Seven Treasures mentioned in Buddhist scriptures include Liuli, Chequ, Madnao (Agate), Boli (Glass), and Zhenzhu (Pearl). Li Shizhen said: According to *Wei Lue*, Daqin (Rome) produces gold, silver, and Liuli in ten colors: red, white, yellow, black, green, blue-green, pale cyan, deep blue, crimson, and purple. These are natural substances, lustrous and radiant, surpassing common jades. What is commonly used today is made by smelting stone juice and pouring it with various medicines, resulting in a brittle and impure product. *Gegu Lun* states: Shi Liuli is produced in Goryeo, is hard to scrape with a knife, is white, about half an inch thick, can be used to hold lamps, and is brighter than buffalo horn. *Yiwuzhi* states: Various countries in Southern Tianzhu (India) produce Huoqi, shaped like Yunmu (Mica), colored like purple-gold, layered and separable; when split, it is thin as a cicada's wing, and piled up resembles gauze. Note: This stone is currently used by people to make lamp globes, which are bright, clear, and durable. Su Song stated it could also be used medicinally, but no one has been seen using it.
[Indications] For body heat and red eyes, soak in water, cool, and apply as a cold compress (Chen Cangqi).