（《唐本草》）
【集解】恭曰∶狗舌生渠堑湿地，丛生，叶似车前而无纹理，抽茎开花，黄白色。四月、
五月采茎，曝干。
【气味】苦，寒，有小毒。
【主治】蛊疥瘙疮，杀小虫。为末和涂之，即瘥（苏恭）。
（《别录》下品）
【校正】并入《图经》龙牙草。
【释名】龙牙草（《图经》）、凤颈草。
恭曰∶穗类鞭鞘，故名马鞭。
藏器曰∶此说未近，乃其节生紫花如马鞭节耳。
时珍曰∶龙牙、凤颈，皆因穗取名。苏颂《图经》外类重出龙牙，今并为一。又今方士
谬立诸草为各色龙牙之名，甚为淆乱，不足凭信。
【集解】弘景曰∶村墟陌甚多。茎似细辛，花紫色，叶微似蓬蒿也。
恭曰∶苗似野狼牙及茺蔚，抽三、四穗，紫花，似车前，穗类鞭鞘，都不似蓬蒿也。
保升曰∶花白色，七月、八月采苗叶，日干用。
颂曰∶今衡山、庐山、江淮州郡
皆有之。苗类益母而茎圆，高二、三尺。又曰∶龙牙草生施州，高二尺以来。春夏有苗叶，
至秋冬而枯。采根洗净用。
时珍曰∶马鞭下地甚多。春月生苗，方茎，叶似益母，对生，夏秋开细紫花，作穗如车
前穗，其子如蓬蒿子而细，根白而小。陶言叶似蓬蒿，韩言花色白，苏言茎圆，皆误矣。
苗叶
【气味】苦，微寒，无毒（保升）。大明曰∶辛，凉，无毒。
权曰∶苦，有毒。伏丹砂、硫黄。
【主治】下部 疮（《别录》）。症癖血瘕，久疟，破血杀虫。捣烂煎取
空
亨）。捣涂痈肿及蠼 尿疮
【附方】旧六，新九。
疟痰寒热∶马鞭草捣汁五合，酒二合，分二服。（《千金方》）
鼓胀烦渴，身干黑瘦∶马鞭草细锉，曝干，勿见火。以酒或水同煮，至味出，去滓温服。
以六月中旬，雷鸣时采者有效。
大腹水肿∶马鞭草、鼠尾草各十斤，水一石，煮取五斗，去滓，再煎令稠，以粉和丸大
豆大。每服二、三丸，加至四、五丸，神效。（《肘后方》）
男子阴肿大如升，核痛，人所不能治者∶马鞭草捣涂之。（《集验方
妇人疝痛，名小肠气∶马鞭草一两，酒煎滚服，以汤浴身，取汗甚妙。（《纂要奇方》）
妇人经闭，结成瘕块，肋胀大欲死者∶马鞭草（根苗）五斤（锉细）。水五斗，煎至一
斗，去滓，熬成膏。每服半匙，食前温酒化下，日二服。（《圣惠方》）
酒积下血∶马鞭草（灰）四钱，白芷（灰）一钱，蒸饼丸梧子大，每米饮下五十
玄方》）
金方》）马喉痹风，深肿连颊，吐气数者∶马鞭草一握，勿见风，截去两头，捣汁饮之，良。
（《千金方》）
乳痈肿痛∶马鞭草一握，酒一碗，生姜一块，擂汁服，渣敷之。（《卫生易简方》）
白癞风疮∶马鞭草为末，每服一钱，食前荆芥、薄荷汤下，日三服。忌铁器。（《太平圣
惠方》）
人疥马疥∶马鞭草不犯铁器，捣自然汁半盏，饮尽，十日内愈，神效。
赤白下痢∶龙牙草五钱，陈茶一撮，水煎服，神效。（《医方摘要》）
发背痈毒，痛不可忍∶龙牙草捣汁饮之，以滓敷患处。（《集简方》）
杨梅恶疮∶马鞭草煎汤，先熏后洗，气到便爽，痛肿随减。（陈嘉谟《本草蒙筌》）
根
【气味】辛、涩，温，无毒。
【主治】赤白下痢初起，焙捣罗末，每米饮服一钱匕，无所忌。（苏颂）。
（出自《唐本草》）
【集解】苏恭说：狗舌草生长在沟渠边的湿地中，成丛生长，叶子像车前草但没有纹理，抽出茎秆开花，花色为黄白色。四月、五月采集茎秆，晒干备用。
【气味】味苦，性寒，有小毒。
【主治】蛊疥、瘙疮，能杀死小虫。研成粉末调和后涂抹患处，即可痊愈。（苏恭）
（出自《别录》，列为下品）
【校正】并入《图经》中的龙牙草。
【释名】龙牙草（出自《图经》）、凤颈草。
苏恭说：其花穗类似马鞭的皮鞘，所以名叫马鞭草。
吕藏器说：这种说法不太贴切，只是它的节上开紫花，像马鞭的节一样罢了。
李时珍说：龙牙、凤颈，都是因为花穗的形状而得名。苏颂的《图经》另外重复列出了龙牙草，现在将其合并为一。另外，现在的方士错误地给各种草冠以各色“龙牙”的名字，非常混乱，不足为信。
【集解】陶弘景说：乡村路边非常多。茎像细辛，花紫色，叶子微微像蓬蒿。
苏恭说：幼苗像野狼牙及茺蔚，抽出三、四穗花，紫花，形状像车前草的花穗，类似鞭鞘，完全不像蓬蒿。
苏保升说：花是白色的，七月、八月采集苗叶，晒干使用。
苏颂说：现在衡山、庐山以及江淮各州郡都有生长。苗类同益母草但茎是圆的，高两三尺。又说：龙牙草生长在施州，高二尺左右。春夏有苗叶，到了秋冬枯萎。采集根部洗净使用。
李时珍说：马鞭草在地上生长很多。春天生苗，茎方形，叶子像益母草，对生，夏秋开细小的紫花，结成穗状像车前草的花穗，种子像蓬蒿子但更细小，根白色且小。陶弘景说叶似蓬蒿，韩保升说花色白，苏颂说茎圆，这些都是错误的。
【气味】味苦，微寒，无毒（苏保升）。孟诜说：味辛，性凉，无毒。
李权说：味苦，有毒。畏丹砂、硫黄。
【主治】下部疮疡（《别录》）。症癖、血瘕，久疟，破血杀虫。捣烂煎取汁服用（《千金方》）。捣烂外涂痈肿及蠼螋尿疮。
【附方】旧方六首，新方九首。
疟疾痰寒热：马鞭草捣汁五合，酒二合，分两次服用。（《千金方》）
鼓胀烦渴，身体干枯黑瘦：马鞭草细细切碎，晒干，不要见火。用酒或水同煮，直到味道煮出，去渣温服。在六月中旬雷声响起时采挖的有效。
大腹水肿：马鞭草、鼠尾草各十斤，水一石，煮取五斗，去渣，再煎至浓稠，用米粉和丸如大豆大。每次服用二、三丸，加至四、五丸，效果神奇。（《肘后方》）
男子阴囊肿大如升，睾丸疼痛，别人无法治疗的：马鞭草捣烂外涂。（《集验方》）
妇人疝痛，名为小肠气：马鞭草一两，酒煎滚后服用，并用热水浴身，出汗效果很好。（《纂要奇方》）
妇人经闭，结成瘕块，肋部胀痛欲死：马鞭草（根和苗）五斤（切碎）。水五斗，煎至一斗，去渣，熬成膏。每次服半匙，饭前用温酒化开送下，每日两次。（《圣惠方》）
酒积导致下血：马鞭草（烧灰）四钱，白芷（烧灰）一钱，蒸饼为丸如梧桐子大，每次米汤送下五十丸。（《玄方》）
金方》）马喉痹风，深肿连及脸颊，呼吸急促者：马鞭草一握，不要见风，截去两头，捣汁饮用，效果好。（《千金方》）
乳痈肿痛：马鞭草一握，酒一碗，生姜一块，研磨取汁服用，药渣敷于患处。（《卫生易简方》）
白癞风疮：马鞭草研成粉末，每次服一钱，饭前用荆芥、薄荷汤送下，每日三次。忌用铁器。（《太平圣惠方》）
人疥、马疥：马鞭草不接触铁器，捣取自然汁半盏，饮尽，十日内痊愈，效果神奇。
赤白痢疾：龙牙草五钱，陈茶一撮，水煎服，效果神奇。（《医方摘要》）
发背痈毒，疼痛难忍：龙牙草捣汁饮用，药渣敷于患处。（《集简方》）
杨梅恶疮：马鞭草煎汤，先熏后洗，热气一到便觉爽快，肿痛随之减轻。（陈嘉谟《本草蒙筌》）
根
【气味】味辛、涩，性温，无毒。
(From *Tang Bencao*)
[Collected Explanations] Su Gong stated: Goushe Cao (Dog-tongue Grass) grows in wetlands along ditches and moats, growing in clumps. Its leaves resemble those of Plantago asiatica (Cheqiancao) but lack visible veins. It sends up stems that bear flowers, which are yellowish-white. The stems are harvested in April and May and dried in the sun.
[Flavor and Properties] Bitter, cold, slightly toxic.
[Indications] For gu sores (parasitic skin lesions), scabies, and itching sores; kills small insects. Grind into powder, mix with a carrier, and apply topically for cure. (Su Gong)
(From *Bielu*, listed as Lower Grade)
[Correction] Merged with Longyao Cao (Dragon's Tooth Grass) from *Tujing*.
[Names] Longyao Cao (from *Tujing*), Fengjing Cao (Phoenix-Neck Grass).
Su Gong stated: The flower spikes resemble the leather sheath of a horse whip, hence the name Mabian Cao (Horse Whip Grass).
Lu Zangqi stated: This explanation is not quite accurate; it merely has purple flowers at its nodes, resembling the joints of a horse whip.
Li Shizhen stated: "Longya" (Dragon's Tooth) and "Fengjing" (Phoenix Neck) are named after the shape of the flower spikes. Su Song's *Tujing* redundantly lists Longya separately; I have merged them into one entry. Furthermore, contemporary practitioners erroneously assign various names of "Dragon's Tooth" to different herbs, causing great confusion, which is unreliable.
[Collected Explanations] Tao Hongjing stated: It is abundant in villages and along paths. The stem resembles Asarum (Xixin), the flowers are purple, and the leaves slightly resemble Artemisia capillaris or similar weeds (Penghao).
Su Gong stated: The seedlings resemble wild wolf-tooth grass and Leonurus japonicus (Chongwei). It produces three or four spikes of purple flowers, resembling the spike of Plantago asiatica and the sheath of a whip, completely unlike Penghao.
Su Baosheng stated: The flowers are white. The aerial parts and leaves are harvested in July and August and dried in the sun.
Su Song stated: It is now found in Hengshan, Lushan, and various prefectures in the Jianghuai region. The foliage resembles Leonurus japonicus but the stem is round, growing two to three chi high. He also stated: Longyao Cao grows in Shizhou, reaching over two chi in height. It has leaves in spring and summer, and withers in autumn and winter. The roots are harvested, washed clean, and used.
Li Shizhen stated: Mabian Cao grows abundantly on the ground. In spring, shoots emerge with square stems. Leaves resemble those of Leonurus japonicus and grow oppositely. In summer and autumn, it bears small purple flowers arranged in spikes resembling those of Plantago asiatica. The seeds are like those of Artemisia but finer. The roots are white and small. Tao's statement that leaves resemble Penghao, Han's statement that flowers are white, and Su's statement that stems are round are all errors.
[Flavor and Properties] Bitter, slightly cold, non-toxic (Su Baosheng). Meng Shen stated: Pungent, cool, non-toxic.
Li Quan stated: Bitter, toxic. Incompatible with Cinnabaris (Dansha) and Sulfur (Liu Huang).
[Indications] Sores in the lower body (*Bielu*). For zheng pi (abdominal masses), xue jia (blood stasis masses), chronic malaria; invigorates blood, kills parasites. Crush and decoct to take the juice (*Qianjin Fang*). Crush and apply topically for carbuncles and sores caused by earwig urine.
[Attached Prescriptions] Six old prescriptions, nine new prescriptions.
Malaria with phlegm, chills, and fever: Take five he of fresh juice from Mabian Cao, mixed with two he of wine, divided into two doses. (*Qianjin Fang*)
Distension with irritability and thirst, dry and emaciated black skin: Finely chop Mabian Cao, dry in the sun without fire. Decoct with wine or water until the flavor is extracted, strain, and take warm. Effective if harvested during thunderstorms in mid-June.
Abdominal edema (Da Fu Shui Zhong): Ten jin each of Mabian Cao and Salvia plebeia (Shuweicao), boiled in one shi of water down to five dou. Strain, then reduce further until thick. Mix with rice flour and make pills the size of soybeans. Take two or three pills per dose, increasing to four or five pills. Miraculous effect. (*Zhouhou Fang*)
Male genital swelling as large as a measuring cup, testicular pain, untreatable by others: Crush Mabian Cao and apply topically. (*Jiyan Fang*)
Female hernia pain, known as Xiao Chang Qi: One liang of Mabian Cao, decocted in wine and taken hot. Bathing the body with hot water to induce sweating is excellent. (*Zuoya Qifang*)
Female amenorrhea with mass formation, severe flank distension and pain: Five jin of Mabian Cao (roots and shoots), finely chopped. Decoct in five dou of water down to one dou. Strain and reduce to an extract. Take half a spoonful before meals, dissolved in warm wine, twice daily. (*Shenghui Fang*)
Blood in stool due to alcohol accumulation: Four qian of Mabian Cao (ash), one qian of Angelica dahurica (Baizhi) (ash). Make pills the size of wutong seeds using steamed dough. Take fifty pills with rice drink. (*Xuan Fang*)
Malignant throat obstruction with deep swelling extending to the cheeks and rapid breathing: One handful of Mabian Cao, protected from wind. Cut off both ends, crush, and take the juice. Good effect. (*Qianjin Fang*)
Breast abscess with swelling and pain: One handful of Mabian Cao, one bowl of wine, one piece of ginger. Grind to extract juice, drink the juice, and apply the residue topically. (*Weisheng Yijian Fang*)
White vitiligo-like sores: Powderize Mabian Cao. Take one qian per dose, washed down with Schizonepeta and Mentha tea before meals, three times daily. Avoid iron vessels. (*Taiping Shenghui Fang*)
Human and animal scabies: Do not let Mabian Cao touch iron. Crush to obtain natural juice, half a zhan. Drink completely; cured within ten days. Miraculous effect.
Dysentery (red and white): Five qian of Longyao Cao, a pinch of aged tea. Decoct in water and take. Miraculous effect. (*Yifang Jiaoyao*)
Back carbuncle with unbearable pain: Juice of Longyao Cao drunk, residue applied to the affected area. (*Jijian Fang*)
Kaposi sarcoma-like malignant sores (Yangmei E Chuang): Decoct Mabian Cao in water. Fume first, then wash. Relief comes upon contact with steam, and swelling/pain decreases. (Chen Jiamo, *Bencao Mengquan*)
Roots
[Flavor and Properties] Pungent, astringent, warm, non-toxic.
[Indications] Early stage of red and white dysentery. Roast, grind, and sieve into powder. Take one qian bi (a spoonful measure) with rice drink. No dietary restrictions. (Su Song)