（音仙。《本经》中品）
【释名】白膻（弘景）、白羊藓（弘景）、地羊藓（《图经》）、金雀儿椒（《日华》）。
弘景曰∶俗呼为白羊藓。气息正似羊膻，故又名白膻。
时珍曰∶藓者，羊之气也。此草根白色，作羊膻气，共子累累如椒，故有诸名。
【集解】《别录》曰∶白藓皮，生上谷川谷及冤句。四月、五月采根，阴干。
弘景曰∶近道处处有，以蜀中者为良。
恭曰∶其叶似茱萸，苗高尺余，根皮白而心实，花紫白色。根宜二月采，若四月、五月
采，便虚恶矣。
颂曰∶今河中、江宁府、滁州、润州皆有之。苗高尺余，茎青，叶稍白，如槐亦似茱萸
。四月开花淡紫色，似小蜀葵花。根似小蔓菁，皮黄白而心实。山人采嫩苗为菜茹。
根皮
【气味】苦，寒，无毒。《别录》曰∶咸。之才曰∶恶螵蛸、桔梗、茯苓、萆
【主治】头风黄胆，咳逆淋沥，女子阴中肿痛，湿痹死肌，不可屈伸起止行步（《本经
》）。疗四肢不安，时行腹中大热饮水，欲走大呼，小儿惊痫，妇人产后余痛（《别录》
）。治一切热毒风、恶风，风疮疥癣赤烂，眉发脱脆，皮肌急，壮热恶寒，解热黄、酒黄、
急黄、谷黄、劳黄（甄权）。通关节，利九窍及血脉，通小肠水气，天行时疾，头痛、眼
疼。其花同功（大明）。治肺嗽（苏颂）。
【发明】时珍曰∶白藓皮气寒善行，味苦性燥，足太阴、阳明经去湿热药也，兼入手太
阴、阳明，为诸黄风痹要药。世医只施之疮科，浅矣。
【附方】旧一，新一。
鼠 已破，出脓血者。白藓皮煮汁，服一升，当吐若鼠子也。（《肘后方》）产后中风，
人虚不可服他药者。一物白藓皮汤，用新汲水三升，煮取一升，温服。（陈延之《短剧方》）
（读音为“仙”。《神农本草经》列为中品。）
【释名】白膻（陶弘景）、白羊藓（陶弘景）、地羊藓（《新修本草·图经》）、金雀儿椒（《日华子本草》）。
陶弘景说：民间称为白羊藓。其气味正像羊膻味，所以又名叫白膻。
李时珍说：“藓”字，取意于羊的气味。这种植物的根是白色的，散发羊膻气味，果实累累像花椒，所以有这些名字。
【集解】《名医别录》说：白藓皮，生长在上谷的川谷以及冤句两地。四月、五月采集根部，阴干。
陶弘景说：各地都有，以蜀地出产的质量最好。
苏恭说：它的叶子像茱萸，苗高一尺多，根皮白色且中心坚实，花呈紫白色。根部适宜二月采集，如果四月、五月采集，就会变得空虚恶劣。
苏颂说：现在河中府、江宁府、滁州、润州都有出产。苗高一尺多，茎青色，叶色稍白，像槐树叶子也似茱萸。四月开淡紫色花，像小蜀葵花。根像小芜菁，皮黄白色且中心坚实。山民采摘嫩苗作为蔬菜食用。
（此处原文排版有误，“根皮”二字应为下一节标题或误植，结合上下文及《本草纲目》体例，通常【气味】前无单独名词，此处保留原文结构但语义上归入下文或视为排版残留，翻译时依原文顺序处理，若视为独立条目则译为“根皮”，但根据后文【气味】紧接，推测为排版错误，此处按原文字面直译并置于段末或忽略其独立性，鉴于任务要求不增添内容，仅做对应翻译，故将“根皮”视为原文一部分，但在逻辑上它属于药材部位说明，此处暂译为“根皮”并放在段落末尾，或更准确地，这是原文排版断裂，实际应属【气味】前的药材部位说明，但【气味】开头直接是性味。观察原文结构，【集解】结束于“菜茹。”，然后换行“根皮”，再换行“【气味】”。这极可能是OCR或排版错误，导致“根皮”二字孤立。在翻译时，我将“根皮”视为对采集部位的补充说明，或者指出其为排版残留。为了严格忠实原文，我将其翻译出来，但会尽量使其通顺。实际上，很多版本此处并无“根皮”二字，而是直接接【气味】。既然原文有，我就译出。） -> 修正：仔细查看原文，“根皮”二字位于【气味】之前，且独占一行或半行，极大概率是上一段关于根的描述的结尾词被截断，或者是下一节的标题误排。但在《本草纲目》通行本中，此处通常为“根皮”作为【气味】的主语部分，即“根皮：苦...”。因此，翻译时将“根皮”作为【气味】的主语处理更为合理，或者将其归入【集解】末尾。考虑到XML输出格式，我将“根皮”翻译为“Root bark”，并视其为【气味】部分的起始主语，因为后面紧接着“苦，寒...”。
【气味】根皮味道苦，性寒，无毒。《名医别录》说：味咸。徐之才说：畏螵蛸、桔梗、茯苓、萆薢。
【主治】治疗头风、黄疸，咳嗽气逆、淋证尿沥不尽，女子阴道肿痛，湿痹导致的肌肤枯死僵硬，关节不能屈伸、行走困难（《神农本草经》）。治疗四肢不安定，流行性热病引起的腹中大热、想喝水、想奔跑大叫，小儿惊痫，妇人产后余痛（《名医别录》）。治疗各种热毒风邪、恶风，风疮疥癣红肿溃烂，眉毛头发脱落脆弱，皮肤肌肉紧绷，高热恶寒，解除热黄、酒黄、急黄、谷黄、劳黄（甄权）。疏通关节，利九窍及血脉，通调小肠水气，治疗天行时疾（瘟疫），头痛、眼疼。其花朵功效相同（大明）。治疗肺咳（苏颂）。
【发明】李时珍说：白藓皮气寒善于走窜，味苦性燥，是足太阴脾经、足阳明胃经去除湿热病的药物，兼入手太阴肺经、手阳明大肠经，是治疗各种黄疸和风痹的要药。世间的医生只把它用于疮疡科，见识太浅薄了。
【附方】旧方一个，新方一个。
老鼠已破溃，流出脓血的。用白藓皮煮汁，服用一升，应当吐出像小老鼠一样的东西。（《肘后备急方》）产后中风，身体虚弱不能服用其他药物的。一味白藓皮汤，用新汲水三升，煮取一升，温服。（陈延之《小品方》/《短剧方》）
(Pronounced "xian". Listed as Medium Grade in *Shennong Bencao Jing*.)
[Names] Baixian (Tao Hongjing), Baiyangxian (Tao Hongjing), Diyangxian (*Xinxiu Bencao: Tujing*), Jinque'erjiao (*Rihua Bencao*).
Tao Hongjing stated: The common name is Baiyangxian. Its odor strongly resembles mutton fat (shan), hence the alternative name Baixian.
Li Shizhen stated: The character "xian" refers to the smell of sheep. The root of this plant is white and emits a mutton-like odor; its fruits are clustered like Sichuan pepper, thus giving rise to these names.
[Collection and Explanation] *Mingyi Bielu* states: Baixianpi grows in the valleys of Shanggu and Yuanju. The roots should be harvested in April and May and dried in the shade.
Tao Hongjing stated: It is found everywhere nearby, but those from Shu are of superior quality.
Su Gong stated: Its leaves resemble those of Cornus officinalis (Zhuyu). The seedling grows over one chi high. The root bark is white with a solid core, and the flowers are purple-white. The roots are best harvested in February; if harvested in April or May, they become hollow and inferior.
Su Song stated: It is now available in Hezhong Prefecture, Jiangning Prefecture, Chuzhou, and Runzhou. The seedling grows over one chi high, with green stems and slightly whitish leaves, resembling both Sophora japonica (Huai) and Cornus officinalis (Zhuyu). It blooms pale purple flowers in April, resembling small hibiscus flowers. The root resembles a small turnip, with yellowish-white bark and a solid core. Mountain people harvest the tender shoots as vegetables.
(Root bark)
[Flavor and Properties] Bitter, cold, non-toxic. *Mingyi Bielu* states: Salty. Xu Zhicai stated: Incompatible with Ommatoiulus sp. (Piaoxiao), Platycodon grandiflorus (Jiegeng), Poria cocos (Fuling), and Dioscorea hypoglauca (Bixie).
[Indications] Treats cephalalgia due to wind (Toufeng), jaundice, cough with reverse flow of Qi (Nixi), stranguria with dribbling (Linli), swelling and pain in the female vagina, damp-bi syndrome causing necrosis of muscles and skin, and inability to flex, extend, or walk (from *Shennong Bencao Jing*). Treats restlessness of the four limbs, intense abdominal heat during epidemic febrile diseases accompanied by thirst, desire to run and shout, pediatric convulsions and epilepsy, and residual pain after childbirth in women (from *Mingyi Bielu*). Treats all types of heat-toxin wind syndromes, aversion to wind, wind sores, scabies, tinea with redness and ulceration, brittle hair and eyebrows falling out, tight skin and muscles, high fever with aversion to cold. Resolves various types of jaundice including heat jaundice, wine jaundice, acute jaundice, grain jaundice, and consumptive jaundice (Zhen Quan). Unblocks joints, benefits the nine orifices and blood vessels, regulates water qi in the Small Intestine, treats epidemic pestilence, cephalalgia, and ocular pain. The flowers have the same efficacy (Daming). Treats pulmonary cough (Su Song).
[Elucidation] Li Shizhen stated: Baixianpi has a cold nature that facilitates movement and a bitter flavor with drying properties. It is a herb for clearing damp-heat in the Foot-Taiyin (Spleen) and Foot-Yangming (Stomach) meridians, and also enters the Hand-Taiyin (Lung) and Hand-Yangming (Large Intestine) meridians. It is a key herb for treating various forms of jaundice and bi-syndrome caused by wind. Physicians of later generations only apply it to dermatology, which is a superficial understanding.
[Attached Prescriptions] One old prescription, one new prescription.
For a rat abscess that has ruptured and discharged pus and blood: Decoct Baixianpi in water, take one sheng orally. The patient will vomit something resembling a young rat. (*Zhouhou Beiji Fang*)
For postpartum wind-stroke where the patient is too weak to take other medicines: A single-herb Baixianpi Decoction. Use three sheng of fresh drawn water, decoct until one sheng remains, and take warm. (Chen Yanzhi's *Duanju Fang*)