（《拾遗》）
【释名】糜。
时珍曰∶粥字象米在釜中相属之形。《释名》云∶煮米为糜，使糜烂也。粥浊于糜，育
育然也。浓曰 ，薄曰酏。
小麦粥
【主治】止消渴烦热（时珍）。
寒食粥（用杏仁和诸花作之）
【主治】咳嗽，下热气，调中（藏器）
糯米、秫米、黍、米粥
【气味】甘，温，无毒。
【主治】益气，治脾胃虚寒，泄痢吐逆，小儿痘疮白色（时珍）。
粳米、 米、粟米、粱米粥
【气味】甘，温、平，无毒。
【主治】利小便，止烦渴，养脾胃（时珍）。
【发明】时珍曰∶按∶罗天益《宝鉴》云∶粳、粟米粥，气薄味淡，阳中之阴也。所以
淡渗下行，能利小便。韩 《医通》云∶一人病淋，素不服药。予令专啖粟米粥，绝去他味
。旬余减，月余痊。此五谷治病之理也。又张耒《粥记》云∶每晨起，食粥一大碗。空腹胃
虚，谷气便作，所补不细。又极柔腻，与肠胃相得，最为饮食之良。妙齐和尚说∶山中僧，
每将旦一粥，甚系利害。如不食，则终日觉脏腑燥涸。盖粥能畅胃气，生津液也。大抵养生
求安乐，亦无深远难知之事，不过寝食之间尔。故作此劝人每日食粥，勿大笑也。又《苏轼
帖》云∶夜饥甚。吴子野劝食白粥，云能推陈致新，利膈益胃。粥既快美，粥后一觉，妙不
可言也。此皆着粥之有益如此。诸谷作粥，详见本条。古方有用药物、粳、粟、粱米作粥，
治病甚多。今略取其可常食者，集于下方，以备参考云。
赤小豆粥 利小便，消水肿香港脚，辟邪疠。
绿豆粥 解热毒，止烦渴。
御米粥 治反胃，利大肠。
薏苡仁粥 除湿热，利肠胃。
莲子粉粥 健脾胃，止泄痢。
芡实粉粥 固精气，明耳目。
菱实粉粥 益肠胃，解内热。
栗子粥 补肾气，益腰脚。
薯蓣粥 补肾精，固肠胃。
芋粥 宽肠胃，令人不饥。
百合粉粥 润肺调中。
萝卜粥 消食利膈。
胡萝卜粥 宽中下气。
马齿苋粥 治痹消肿。
油菜粥 调中下气。
菜粥 健胃益脾。
菠 菜粥 和中润燥。
荠菜粥 明目利肝。
芹菜粥 去伏热，利大小肠。
芥菜粥 豁痰辟恶。
葵菜粥 润燥宽肠。
韭菜粥 温中暖下。
葱豉粥 发汗解肌。
茯苓粉粥 清上实下。
松子仁粥 润心肺，调大肠。
酸枣仁粥 治烦热，益胆气。
枸杞子粥 补精血，益肾气。
薤白粥 治老人冷利。
生姜粥 温中辟恶。
花椒粥 辟瘴御寒。
茴香粥 和胃治疝。
胡椒粥、茱萸粥、辣米粥 并治心腹疼痛。
麻子粥、胡麻粥、郁李仁粥 并润肠治痹。
苏子粥 下气利膈。
竹叶汤粥 止渴清心。
猪肾粥、羊肾粥、鹿肾粥 并补肾虚诸疾。
羊肝粥、鸡肝粥 并补肝虚，明目。
羊汁粥、鸡汁粥 并治劳损。
鸭汁粥、鲤鱼汁粥 并消水肿。
牛乳粥 补虚羸。
酥蜜粥 养心肺。
鹿角胶入粥食 助元阳，治诸虚。
炒面入粥 食止白痢。
烧盐入粥 食。止血痢
（出自《本草拾遗》）
【释名】糜。
李时珍说：粥字的字形，像米粒在釜中相连的样子。《释名》中说：煮米成糜，使其糜烂。粥比糜更稠浊，呈现出浓稠的样子。浓稠的称为“鬻”，稀薄的称为“酏”。
寒食粥（用杏仁和各种花制作）
【主治】咳嗽，降下热气，调和脾胃（陈藏器）。
糯米、秫米、黍米、粳米粥
【气味】甘味，温性，无毒。
【主治】益气，治疗脾胃虚寒，泄泻痢疾，呕吐逆气，小儿痘疮颜色发白（李时珍）。
粳米、小米、粟米、粱米粥
【气味】甘味，温性或平性，无毒。
【主治】通利小便，止住烦渴，滋养脾胃（李时珍）。
【发明】李时珍说：据罗天益《宝鉴》记载：粳米、粟米粥，气薄味淡，属于阳中之阴。所以具有淡渗下行的作用，能通利小便。韩祗和《医通》记载：有一人患淋证，平时不服药。我让他只喝粟米粥，完全去除其他味道。十多天后症状减轻，一个月后痊愈。这是五谷治病原理的体现。另外张耒《粥记》说：每天早晨起床，吃一大碗粥。空腹时胃气虚弱，谷气随即产生，所补益的不少。而且极其柔腻，与肠胃相适宜，是最为良好的饮食。妙齐和尚说：山中的僧人，每天清晨一碗粥，关系非常重大。如果不吃，就觉得整天脏腑干燥枯竭。大概粥能通畅胃气，生津液。大抵养生追求安乐，也没有深远难知的事情，不过是在睡眠和饮食之间罢了。因此作此劝告人们每天喝粥，不要嘲笑。另外《苏轼帖》说：夜里饥饿严重。吴子野劝吃白粥，说能推陈出新，利膈益胃。粥既美味可口，粥后睡一觉，美妙不可言说。这些都是说明粥有益处的著述。各种谷物做粥，详见本条。古方有用药物、粳米、粟米、粱米做粥，治疗疾病很多。现在略取其中可以常吃的，收集在下面，以备参考。
赤小豆粥 通利小便，消除水肿和脚气，辟除邪疠。
绿豆粥 解除热毒，止住烦渴。
御米粥 治疗反胃，通利大肠。
薏苡仁粥 清除湿热，通利肠胃。
莲子粉粥 健运脾胃，止住泄痢。
芡实粉粥 固摄精气，明亮耳目。
菱实粉粥 益助肠胃，解除内热。
栗子粥 补肾气，益助腰脚。
薯蓣粥 补肾精，固护肠胃。
芋粥 宽舒肠胃，使人不感到饥饿。
百合粉粥 润肺调和中焦。
萝卜粥 消食利膈。
胡萝卜粥 宽中下气。
马齿苋粥 治疗痹症消肿。
油菜粥 调中下气。
蕹菜粥 健胃益脾。
菠菜粥 调和脾胃润燥。
荠菜粥 明目利肝。
芹菜粥 去除伏热，通利大小肠。
芥菜粥 豁痰辟恶。
葵菜粥 润燥宽肠。
韭菜粥 温中暖下。
葱豉粥 发汗解肌。
茯苓粉粥 清上实下。
松子仁粥 润心肺，调和大肠。
酸枣仁粥 治疗烦热，益助胆气。
枸杞子粥 补益精血，益助肾气。
薤白粥 治疗老人冷性泄利。
生姜粥 温中辟恶。
花椒粥 辟除瘴气抵御寒冷。
茴香粥 和胃治疗疝气。
胡椒粥、茱萸粥、辣米粥 均治疗心腹疼痛。
麻子粥、胡麻粥、郁李仁粥 均润肠治疗痹症。
苏子粥 下气利膈。
竹叶汤粥 止渴清心。
猪肾粥、羊肾粥、鹿肾粥 均治疗肾虚诸疾。
羊肝粥、鸡肝粥 均补肝虚，明目。
羊汁粥、鸡汁粥 均治疗劳损。
鸭汁粥、鲤鱼汁粥 均消除水肿。
牛乳粥 补益虚羸。
酥蜜粥 养心肺。
鹿角胶入粥食用 助元阳，治疗诸虚。
炒面入粥 食用止住白痢。
烧盐入粥 食用。止住血痢。
(From *Bencao Shiyi* [Supplement to Materia Medica])
[Names] Mi (Porridge).
Li Shizhen stated: The character "Zhou" (porridge) depicts the shape of rice grains connected within a cauldron. *Shiming* states: Cooking rice into mi makes it soft and mushy. Zhou is thicker and more turbid than mi, appearing dense and rich. Thick porridge is called "Yu", while thin porridge is called "Yi".
Wheat Porridge
[Indications] Treats Xiao Ke (wasting-thirst syndrome) with irritability and heat (Li Shizhen).
Cold Food Porridge (Made using Almond and various flowers)
[Indications] Cough, descending excessive heat, harmonizing the Middle Jiao (Chen Cangqi).
Glutinous Rice, Su Mi, Shu Mi, Jing Mi Porridge
[Flavor and Nature] Sweet, Warm, Non-toxic.
[Indications] Benefits Qi, treats Spleen and Stomach deficiency-cold, diarrhea and dysentery, vomiting and regurgitation, and white-colored infantile smallpox lesions (Li Shizhen).
Jing Mi, Millet, Sorghum, Liang Mi Porridge
[Flavor and Nature] Sweet, Warm or Neutral, Non-toxic.
[Indications] Promotes urination, relieves thirst, nourishes the Spleen and Stomach (Li Shizhen).
[Elucidation] Li Shizhen stated: According to Luo Tianyi's *Baojian*, Jing Mi and Sorghum porridge have thin Qi and bland flavor, belonging to Yin within Yang. Therefore, they have a light and draining downward action, capable of promoting urination. Han Zhihe's *Yitong* records: A patient suffered from Lin syndrome (dysuria) and usually did not take medicine. I instructed him to consume only Sorghum porridge, completely avoiding other flavors. After more than ten days, symptoms decreased; after one month, he recovered. This illustrates the principle of treating disease with the five grains. Additionally, Zhang Lei's *Zhou Ji* states: Every morning upon rising, eat a large bowl of porridge. When the stomach is empty and deficient, Grain Qi arises immediately, providing substantial nourishment. It is extremely soft and smooth, agreeing with the Stomach and Intestines, making it an excellent dietary choice. Monk Miaoqi said: Mountain monks drink a bowl of porridge every dawn; this is of great importance. If not consumed, they feel their internal organs are dry and parched throughout the day. Generally, porridge can unblock Stomach Qi and generate body fluids. Basically, seeking health and peace in life involves no profound or difficult matters, but lies merely in sleep and diet. Thus, I wrote this to advise people to eat porridge daily; do not laugh at this advice. Furthermore, *Su Shi's Letters* state: Severe hunger at night. Wu Ziye advised eating white porridge, saying it can eliminate stale matter and promote new generation, benefiting the Diaphragm and Stomach. The porridge is delicious, and the sleep after eating it is indescribably wonderful. These writings all demonstrate the benefits of porridge. Various grains used for porridge are detailed in their respective entries. Ancient formulas often used herbs, Jing Mi, Sorghum, or Liang Mi to make porridge for treating many diseases. Now, I have selected those suitable for regular consumption and collected them below for reference.
Adzuki Bean Porridge: Promotes urination, reduces edema and Hong Jiao (gout/foot swelling), wards off epidemic pathogens.
Mung Bean Porridge: Resolves heat toxicity, relieves thirst.
Yu Mi Porridge: Treats Fan Wei (regurgitation/vomiting), promotes bowel movement.
Coix Seed Porridge: Clears damp-heat, promotes intestinal function.
Lotus Seed Powder Porridge: Strengthens Spleen and Stomach, stops diarrhea and dysentery.
Euryale Seed Powder Porridge: Consolidates Essence and Qi, brightens eyes and ears.
Water Chestnut Powder Porridge: Benefits intestines and stomach, resolves internal heat.
Chestnut Porridge: Tonifies Kidney Qi, benefits waist and legs.
Dioscorea Porridge: Tonifies Kidney Essence, consolidates intestines and stomach.
Taro Porridge: Relaxes intestines and stomach, prevents hunger.
Lily Bulb Powder Porridge: Moistens Lungs, harmonizes the Middle Jiao.
Radish Porridge: Digests food, benefits the diaphragm.
Carrot Porridge: Expands the middle, directs Qi downward.
Purslane Porridge: Treats Bi syndrome (impediment), reduces swelling.
Rapeseed Porridge: Harmonizes the middle, directs Qi downward.
Water Spinach Porridge: Strengthens stomach, benefits spleen.
Spinach Porridge: Harmonizes middle, moistens dryness.
Shepherd's Purse Porridge: Brightens eyes, benefits liver.
Celery Porridge: Removes latent heat, promotes urination in upper and lower Jiao.
Mustard Greens Porridge: Resolves phlegm, wards off evil.
Malva Porridge: Moistens dryness, relaxes intestines.
Garlic Chives Porridge: Warms middle, warms lower Jiao.
Scallion and Fermented Soybean Porridge: Induces sweating, releases muscle layer.
Poria Powder Porridge: Clears upper, solidifies lower.
Pine Nut Porridge: Moistens Heart and Lungs, harmonizes Large Intestine.
Sour Jujube Seed Porridge: Treats irritability and heat, benefits Gallbladder Qi.
Goji Berry Porridge: Tonifies Essence and Blood, benefits Kidney Qi.
Allium Macrostemon Porridge: Treats cold diarrhea in the elderly.
Fresh Ginger Porridge: Warms middle, wards off evil.
Sichuan Pepper Porridge: Wards off miasma, resists cold.
Fennel Porridge: Harmonizes Stomach, treats hernia.
Black Pepper Porridge, Cornus Porridge, Spicy Rice Porridge: All treat heart and abdominal pain.
Hemp Seed Porridge, Sesame Porridge, Prunus Armeniaca Kernel Porridge: All moisten intestines, treat Bi syndrome.
Perilla Seed Porridge: Directs Qi downward, benefits diaphragm.
Bamboo Leaf Decoction Porridge: Relieves thirst, clears Heart.
Pig Kidney Porridge, Sheep Kidney Porridge, Deer Kidney Porridge: All treat various Kidney deficiency disorders.
Sheep Liver Porridge, Chicken Liver Porridge: All tonify Liver deficiency, brighten eyes.
Sheep Juice Porridge, Chicken Juice Porridge: All treat consumptive disease.
Duck Juice Porridge, Carp Juice Porridge: All reduce edema.
Cow Milk Porridge: Tonifies deficiency and emaciation.
Butter and Honey Porridge: Nourishes Heart and Lungs.
Deer Antler Gel added to porridge: Assists Primordial Yang, treats various deficiencies.
Roasted Flour added to porridge: Consumed to stop white dysentery.
Burnt Salt added to porridge: Consumed to stop bloody dysentery.