（《拾遗》）
凡果未成核者，食之令人发痈疖及寒热。
凡果落地有恶虫缘过者，食之令人患九漏。
凡果双仁者，有毒杀人。
凡瓜双蒂者，有毒杀人；沉水者，杀人。
凡果忽有异常者，根下必有毒蛇，食之杀人。
互考楮实 梧桐子 枸杞子 金樱子 山茱萸 桑椹 木半夏 胡颓子 松花 桂花
栎实（已上木部） 黄
覆盆子（已上草部）
李时珍曰∶木乃植物，五行之一。性有土宜，山谷原隰。肇由气化，爰受形质。乔条苞
灌，根叶华实。坚脆美恶，各具太极。色香气味，区辨品类。食备果蔬，材充药器。寒
温毒良，直有考汇。多识其名，奚止读诗。埤以本草，益启其知。乃肆搜猎，萃而类之。是
为木部，凡一百八十种，分为六类∶曰香，曰乔，曰灌，曰寓，曰苞，曰杂。旧本木部三品，
共二百六十三种。今并入二十五种，移一十四种入草部，二十九种入蔓草，三十一种入果部，
三种入菜部，一十六种入器用部，二种入虫部。自草部移入二种，外类有名未用移入十一种。
《神农本草经》四十四种（梁陶弘景注） 《名医别录》二十三种（梁陶弘景注） 《唐
本草》二十二种（唐苏恭） 《本草拾遗》
（唐李 ） 《蜀本草》一种（蜀韩保升） 《开宝本草》一十五种（宋马志） 《嘉 本
草》六种（宋掌禹锡） 《图经本草》一种（宋苏颂） 《日华本草》一种（宋人大明） 《证
类本草》一种（宋唐慎微） 《本草补遗》一种
李时珍）
【附注】魏李当之《药录》 《吴普本草》 宋雷 《炮炙》 齐徐之才《药对》 唐
甄权《药性》 孙思邈《千金》 唐孟诜《食疗》 杨损之《删繁》 萧炳《四声》 南唐
陈士良《食性》 宋陈承《别说》 寇宗 《衍义》 金张元素《珍珠囊》 元李杲《法象》
王好古《汤液》 元吴瑞《日用》 明汪颖《食物》 汪机《会编》 周定
王纶《集要》 宁原《食鉴》 陈嘉谟《蒙筌》
（出自《本草拾遗》）
凡是果实尚未长成核的，食用后会使人引发痈疽疖肿以及寒热交替的症状。
凡是果实落地后有恶臭之虫爬过的，食用后会使人患上“九漏”病（一种慢性淋巴结结核或瘰疬类疾病）。
凡是果实含有双仁的，有毒，能致人死亡。
凡是瓜类有两个蒂的，有毒，能致人死亡；沉入水中的瓜，也能致人死亡。
凡是果实突然有异常情况的，其根部下方必定有毒蛇盘踞，食用这种果实会致人死亡。
互考楮实、梧桐子、枸杞子、金樱子、山茱萸、桑椹、木半夏、胡颓子、松花、桂花、栎实（以上属于木部）、黄（此处原文似有脱漏或指代不明，暂译作“黄...”）、覆盆子（以上属于草部）。
李时珍说：树木属于植物，是五行之一。其生长习性适应特定的土壤环境，分布于山谷和平地低湿处。它们起始于天地气化，从而获得形体与质地。高大的枝条、丛生的灌木，拥有根、叶、花、果实。坚硬与脆嫩、美味与恶劣，各自具备自然的特性。颜色、香气、味道，区分了不同的品类。作为食物可备果蔬之用，作为材料可充药用器具。无论寒性、温性、毒性还是良性，都有考证和汇总。多认识它们的名称，何止是读《诗经》所能涵盖的。辅以《本草》记载，更能开启人们的知识。于是广泛搜集猎取，聚集并分类整理。这就是木部，共一百八十种，分为六类：曰香，曰乔（高大乔木），曰灌（灌木），曰寓（寄生植物），曰苞（藤本或缠绕植物），曰杂。旧版木部分为三品，共二百六十三种。现在并入二十五种，移十四种入草部，二十九种入蔓草部，三十一种入果部，三种入菜部，十六种入器用部，二种入虫部。从草部移入两种，将外类中有名未用的移入十一种。
《神农本草经》四十四种（梁代陶弘景注） 《名医别录》二十三种（梁代陶弘景注） 《唐本草》二十二种（唐代苏恭） 《本草拾遗》（唐代李𪾢） 《蜀本草》一种（五代蜀韩保升） 《开宝本草》一十五种（宋代马志） 《嘉祐本草》六种（宋代掌禹锡） 《图经本草》一种（宋代苏颂） 《日华本草》一种（宋代人大明） 《证类本草》一种（宋代唐慎微） 《本草补遗》一种（明代李时珍）
【附注】魏代李当之《药录》、吴普《吴普本草》、宋代雷斅《炮炙》、齐代徐之才《药对》、唐代甄权《药性》、孙思邈《千金方》、唐代孟诜《食疗》、杨损之《删繁》、萧炳《四声本草》、南唐陈士良《食性本草》、宋代陈承《别说》、寇宗奭《衍义》、金代张元素《珍珠囊》、元代李杲《医学发明》（原书作《法象》，通常指其理论体系或相关著作，此处依原文直译）、王好古《汤液本草》、元代吴瑞《日用本草》、明代汪颖《食物本草》、汪机《会编》、周定王朱橚《集要》、宁原《食鉴》、陈嘉谟《蒙筌》。
(From *Bencao Shiyi* [Supplement to Materia Medica])
Fruits that have not yet formed a pit or seed kernel are toxic if consumed, causing carbuncles and furuncles (boils) along with alternating chills and fever.
Fruits that have fallen to the ground and been crawled over by foul-smelling insects are toxic if consumed, leading to "Jiu Lou" disease (a term referring to chronic scrofula or lymphatic tuberculosis).
Fruits containing double kernels are toxic and can cause death.
Melons with two calyxes (stems at the fruit end) are toxic and can cause death; melons that sink in water are also lethal.
Fruits that suddenly exhibit abnormalities indicate the presence of venomous snakes beneath their roots; consuming such fruits can cause death.
Cross-referenced items: Broussonetia papyrifera fruit (Chu Shi), Firmiana simplex seeds (Wutong Zi), Lycium barbarum fruit (Gouqi Zi), Rosa laevigata fruit (Jinyingzi), Cornus officinalis fruit (Shanzhuyu), Mulberry fruit (Sangshen), Actinidia polygama (Mubanxia), Elaeagnus pungens (Hutuzi), Pine pollen (Songhua), Osmanthus flower (Guihua), Quercus acutissima fruit (Leshi) [These belong to the Wood Category]; Huang [Text incomplete/ambiguous] [Source unclear]; Rubus chingii fruit (Fupenzi) [These belong to the Grass Category].
Li Shizhen stated: Trees are plants and constitute one of the Five Elements. Their nature adapts to specific soil conditions, growing in valleys, mountains, plains, and low-lying wetlands. Originating from the transformation of Qi, they acquire form and substance. They include tall trees and shrubs, possessing roots, leaves, flowers, and fruits. Whether hard or brittle, delicious or poor in quality, each possesses its own inherent Taiji (natural principle). Colors, aromas, and flavors distinguish their categories. As food, they serve as fruits and vegetables; as materials, they supply medicinal and utilitarian needs. Whether cold, warm, toxic, or beneficial, there is a systematic compilation for examination. Knowing their names extends far beyond merely reading the *Classic of Poetry*. Supplementing this with *Bencao* [Materia Medica] further expands knowledge. Thus, I extensively searched and collected them, grouping and classifying them. This constitutes the Wood Category, comprising 180 species, divided into six classes: Fragrant, Tall Trees (Qiao), Shrubs (Guan), Parasitic Plants (Yu), Vines/Climbers (Bao), and Miscellaneous. The old edition of the Wood Category was divided into three grades, totaling 263 species. Now, 25 species have been merged, 14 moved to the Grass Category, 29 to the Vine Grass Category, 31 to the Fruit Category, 3 to the Vegetable Category, 16 to the Utilitarian Objects Category, and 2 to the Insect Category. Two species were moved from the Grass Category, and 11 species previously listed as "named but unused" in external categories were incorporated.
*Shennong Bencao Jing* [Divine Farmer's Materia Medica]: 44 species (Annotated by Tao Hongjing of Liang Dynasty)
*Mingyi Bielu* [Record of Famous Physicians]: 23 species (Annotated by Tao Hongjing of Liang Dynasty)
*Tang Bencao* [Tang Materia Medica]: 22 species (Su Gong of Tang Dynasty)
*Bencao Shiyi* [Supplement to Materia Medica]: (Li Bian of Tang Dynasty)
*Shu Bencao* [Shu Materia Medica]: 1 species (Han Baosheng of Former Shu)
*Kaibao Bencao* [Kaibao Materia Medica]: 15 species (Ma Zhi of Song Dynasty)
*Jiayou Bencao* [Jiayou Materia Medica]: 6 species (Zhang Yuxi of Song Dynasty)
*Tujing Bencao* [Illustrated Materia Medica]: 1 species (Su Song of Song Dynasty)
*Rihua Bencao* [Rihua Materia Medica]: 1 species (Ren Daming of Song Dynasty)
*Zhenglei Bencao* [Classified Materia Medica]: 1 species (Tang Shenwei of Song Dynasty)
*Bencao Buyi* [Supplementary Materia Medica]: 1 species (Li Shizhen of Ming Dynasty)
[Appendix References]
Li Dangzhi's *Yaolu* [Records of Medicinals] (Wei Dynasty); Wu Pu's *Wu Pu Bencao* (Wu Kingdom); Lei Xiao's *Paozhi* [Processing] (Song Dynasty); Xu Zhicai's *Yadui* [Medicinal Pairs] (Northern Qi Dynasty); Zhen Quan's *Xiaoxing* [Properties] (Tang Dynasty); Sun Simiao's *Qianjin Fang* [Essential Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Gold] (Tang Dynasty); Meng Shen's *Shiliao* [Dietary Therapy] (Tang Dynasty); Yang Sunzhi's *Shanfan* [Abridging Complexity] (Tang Dynasty); Xiao Bing's *Sixiang Bencao* [Four Tones Materia Medica] (Tang Dynasty); Chen Shiliang's *Shixing Bencao* [Dietary Nature Materia Medica] (Southern Tang); Chen Cheng's *Bieshuo* [Additional Remarks] (Song Dynasty); Kou Zongshi's *Yanyi* [Expanded Meaning] (Song Dynasty); Zhang Yuansu's *Zhenzhunang* [Pearl Pouch] (Jin Dynasty); Li Gao's *Faxiang* [Image and Symbolism] (Yuan Dynasty); Wang Haogu's *Tangye Bencao* [Decoction Materia Medica] (Yuan Dynasty); Wu Rui's *Riyong Bencao* [Daily Use Materia Medica] (Yuan Dynasty); Wang Ying's *Shiwu Bencao* [Food Stuff Materia Medica] (Ming Dynasty); Wang Ji's *Huibian* [Compilation] (Ming Dynasty); Zhu Su (Prince Ding of Zhou)'s *Jiyao* [Essentials Collection] (Ming Dynasty); Ning Yuan's *Shijian* [Dietary Mirror] (Ming Dynasty); Chen Jiamo's *Mengquan* [Beginner's Guide] (Ming Dynasty).