（音如。《别录》下品）
【集解】弘景曰∶此是大 刮竹茹以补漏处者。
时珍曰∶古人以竹茹。今人只以麻筋和油锻石为之。
【主治】平。疗妇人崩中，吐血、痢血不止（《别录》）。治金疮，刮败船茹灰敷之，功
同牛胆锻石（苏颂）。
【附方】旧一，新二。
妇人遗尿∶船故茹为末，酒服三钱。（《千金方》）
月水不断∶船茹一斤净洗，河水四升半，煮二升半，分二服。（《千金方》）
妇人尿血∶方同上。
（《拾遗》）
【释名】百味（《拾遗》）、 几。
几上屑
【主治】吻上馋疮，烧末敷之（藏器）。
砧上垢
【主治】卒心腹痛。又凡人病后食、劳复，取当时来参病患行止脚下土一钱许
右），和垢及鼠头一（或鼠屎三七）枚煮服，神效（藏器）。干霍乱，不吐不利，烦胀欲死，
或转筋入腹，取屠儿几垢一鸡子大，温酒调服，得吐即愈。又主唇疮、耳疮、虫牙（时
【附方】新二。
唇紧疮裂∶屠几垢烧存性，敷之。（《千金方》）
小儿耳疮∶屠几上垢，敷之。（《千金方》）
（音妁。《拾遗》）
【释名】时珍曰∶木曰杓，瓠曰瓢。杓者，勺也；瓢者，漂也。
【主治】人身上结筋，打之三下，自散（藏器）。
瓠瓢见菜部。
（《拾遗》）
【释名】箸。
时珍曰∶古箸以竹，故字从竹。近人兼用诸木及象牙为之矣。
【主治】吻上咽口疮，取箸头烧灰敷之。又狂狗咬者，乞取百家箸，煎汁饮（藏器）。
咽
（读音同“如”。收录于《名医别录》下品。）
【集解】陶弘景说：这是用大船刮下的竹茹来修补漏洞的材料。
李时珍说：古人使用竹茹，现在的人只用麻筋混合油锻石来制作它。
【主治】性平。治疗妇女崩漏（非经期大量出血），吐血、痢疾便血不止（出自《名医别录》）。治疗金疮（金属利器造成的创伤），刮取败船茹的灰烬敷在伤口上，功效与牛胆锻石相同（苏颂）。
【附方】旧方一个，新方两个。
妇女遗尿：将旧的船竹茹研成粉末，用酒送服三钱。（出自《千金方》）
月经淋漓不断：取一斤干净的船竹茹，加入四升半河水，煮至二升半，分两次服用。（出自《千金方》）
妇女尿血：方法同上。
（出自《本草拾遗》）
【释名】百味（出自《本草拾遗》）、几上屑。
【主治】嘴唇上方的馋疮（口角炎或唇部溃疡），烧成粉末后外敷（藏器）。
砧上垢
【主治】突然发生的心腹疼痛。另外，凡是人在病后因为饮食或劳累导致复发，取当时陪同参访者行走脚下的泥土约一钱许，混合砧板上的污垢及一个鼠头（或者三七粒鼠屎）一起煎煮服用，效果神奇（藏器）。干霍乱（指欲吐不得吐、欲泻不得泻，烦闷胀满欲死，或出现转筋入腹的症状），取屠户案板上的污垢如鸡蛋大小，用温酒调服，能吐出即可痊愈。另外还主治唇疮、耳疮、虫牙（李时珍）。
【附方】新方两个。
嘴唇紧缩皲裂：将屠户案板上的污垢烧至存性，外敷。（出自《千金方》）
小儿耳疮：取屠户案板上的污垢，外敷。（出自《千金方》）
（读音同“妁”。出自《本草拾遗》）
【释名】李时珍说：木制的叫杓，葫芦做的叫瓢。杓就是勺；瓢就是漂。
【主治】人体身上结成的筋瘤，敲打三下，自然消散（藏器）。
瓠瓢见蔬菜部。
（出自《本草拾遗》）
【释名】箸（筷子）。
李时珍说：古时的筷子用竹子制成，所以字形从竹。近代人兼用各种木材及象牙制作。
【主治】嘴唇上方咽喉口的疮疡，取筷头烧成灰外敷。另外被疯狗咬伤者，向百家乞求筷子，煎汁饮用（藏器）。
咽
(Pronounced "ru". Recorded in the Lower Category of *Bie Lu*.)
[Collected Explanations] Tao Hongjing stated: This refers to bamboo shavings scraped from large ships used to patch leaks.
Li Shizhen stated: In ancient times, bamboo shavings were used; nowadays, people only use hemp fibers mixed with oil-forged stone to make it.
[Therapeutic Actions] Nature is neutral. It treats metrorrhagia (heavy uterine bleeding outside the menstrual period), hematemesis (vomiting blood), and persistent bloody dysentery (*Bie Lu*). It treats metal-induced wounds; scraping the ash of ship-bamboo shavings and applying it externally has the same efficacy as ox-gall forged stone (Su Song).
[Attached Prescriptions] One old prescription, two new prescriptions.
Female urinary incontinence: Powder the old ship-bamboo shavings, take three qian with wine (*Qianjin Fang*).
Persistent menstruation: Take one jin of clean ship-bamboo shavings, add four and a half sheng of river water, boil down to two and a half sheng, and divide into two doses (*Qianjin Fang*).
Female hematuria: Same method as above.
(From *Shi Yi*)
[Names] Baiwei (from *Shi Yi*), dust from tables.
[Therapeutic Actions] Treats cheilitis or ulcers on the upper lip; burn to powder and apply externally (Zang Qi).
Dirt from chopping blocks
[Therapeutic Actions] Sudden epigastric and abdominal pain. Furthermore, for anyone suffering from recurrence due to diet or labor after illness, take approximately one qian of soil from under the feet of those accompanying the patient at that time, mix with the dirt from the chopping block and one rat head (or seven to three rat feces pellets), boil and drink; this yields miraculous effects (Zang Qi). For dry huoluan (a condition characterized by inability to vomit or defecate, severe distension and irritability, or muscle spasms entering the abdomen), take an amount of butcher's block dirt the size of a chicken egg, mix with warm wine and administer; recovery occurs upon vomiting. It also treats lip sores, ear sores, and tooth decay caused by worms (Li Shizhen).
[Attached Prescriptions] Two new prescriptions.
Cracked and tight lips: Burn the butcher's block dirt until carbonized but retaining its nature, and apply externally (*Qianjin Fang*).
Pediatric ear sores: Apply the butcher's block dirt externally (*Qianjin Fang*).
(Pronounced "shuo". From *Shi Yi*)
[Names] Li Shizhen stated: Wooden ladles are called biao; gourd scoops are called piao. Biao means spoon; piao means float.
[Therapeutic Actions] For tendon nodules结筋 (fibrous knots) on the human body, strike three times, and they will naturally dissipate (Zang Qi).
Gourd scoops are listed in the Vegetable Section.
(From *Shi Yi*)
[Names] Zhu (Chopsticks).
Li Shizhen stated: Ancient chopsticks were made of bamboo, hence the character contains the bamboo radical. Modern people use various woods and ivory as well.
[Therapeutic Actions] For sores on the lips and throat/oral cavity, take the tips of chopsticks, burn to ash, and apply externally. Additionally, for bites from rabid dogs, beg for chopsticks from a hundred households, decoct them in water, and drink the juice (Zang Qi).
Yan