（《别录》下品）
【释名】马 （音屁）、马 （ ，音庀）、灰菰（《纲目》）、牛屎菰。
【集解】《别录》曰∶马勃，生园中久腐处。
弘景曰∶俗呼马 勃是也。紫色虚软，状如狗肺，弹之粉出，
宗 曰∶生湿地及腐木上，夏秋采之。有大如斗者，小亦如升杓。韩退之所谓牛溲、马
勃
【修治】时珍曰∶凡用以生布张开，将马勃于上摩擦，下以盘承，取末用。
【气味】辛，平，无毒。
【主治】恶疮马疥（《别录》）。敷诸疮，甚良（弘景）。去膜，以蜜拌揉，少以水调呷，
治喉痹咽疼（宗 ）。清肺，散血，解热毒（时珍）。
【发明】时珍曰∶马勃轻虚，上焦肺经药也。故能清肺热、咳嗽、喉痹、衄血、失音诸
病。李东垣治大头病，咽喉不利，普济消毒饮亦用之。
【附方】新九。
咽喉肿痛，咽物不得∶马勃一分，蛇蜕皮一条烧，细研为末。绵裹一钱，含咽立瘥。（《圣
惠方》）
走马喉痹∶马屁勃（即灰菰）、焰硝一两。为末。每吹一字，吐涎血即愈。（《经验良
方》）。
声失不出∶马 勃、马牙硝等分，研末，沙糖和丸芡子大。噙之。（《摘玄方》）。
久嗽不止∶马勃为末，蜜丸梧子大。每服二十丸，白汤下，即愈。（《普济方》）。
鱼骨哽咽∶马勃末，蜜丸弹子大。噙咽。（《圣济录》）。
积热吐血∶马屁勃为末，沙糖丸如弹子大。每服半丸，冷水化下。（《袖珍方》）。
妊娠吐衄不止。马勃末，浓米饮服半钱。（《圣惠方》）。
斑疮入眼∶马屁勃、蛇皮各五钱，皂角子十四个，为末，入罐内，盐泥固济，烧存性，
研
疮不敛∶葱盐汤洗净拭干，以马屁勃末敷之，即愈。（仇远《稗史》）。
（收录于《名医别录》下品）
【释名】马屁勃（音同“屁”）、马屁𦞦（音同“庀”）、灰菰（出自《本草纲目》）、牛屎菰。
【集解】《名医别录》记载：马勃，生长在菜园中久经腐烂的地方。
陶弘景说：民间俗称的马屁勃就是这种药。它呈紫色，质地虚软，形状像狗的肺，弹击它会有粉末飞出。
苏颂说：生长在潮湿之地及腐烂的木头上，夏秋两季采集。大的有斗那么大，小的也有升勺那么大。韩愈所说的“牛溲、马勃”。
【修治】李时珍说：凡是要使用生马勃，需用生布将其展开，在马勃上面摩擦，下面用盘子承接，收集其粉末备用。
【气味】味辛，性平，无毒。
【主治】恶疮、马疥（出自《名医别录》）。敷贴各种疮疡，效果很好（陶弘景）。去除薄膜，用蜂蜜拌揉，加少量水调匀含咽，治疗喉痹咽痛（苏颂）。清肺，散血，解热毒（李时珍）。
【发明】李时珍说：马勃质地轻虚，是作用于上焦肺经的药物。因此能治疗肺热、咳嗽、喉痹、鼻衄、失音等各种疾病。李东垣治疗大头瘟病，咽喉不利，普济消毒饮中也使用了它。
【附方】新收录九首。
咽喉肿痛，吞咽困难：马勃一分，蛇蜕皮一条烧存性，细研为末。用绵裹一钱，含在口中慢慢咽下，立即痊愈。（出自《太平圣惠方》）
走马喉痹（急性喉梗阻）：马屁勃（即灰菰）、焰硝一两。研为末。每次吹入一字量，吐出涎血即可痊愈。（出自《经验良方》）
声音嘶哑不出声：马屁勃、马牙硝等分，研为末，用沙糖和丸如芡子大小。含化咽下。（出自《摘玄方》）
久咳不止：马勃研为末，蜜丸如梧桐子大。每次服用二十丸，白开水送服，立即痊愈。（出自《普济方》）
鱼骨哽咽：马勃末，蜜丸如弹子大小。含化咽下。（出自《圣济录》）
积热吐血：马屁勃研为末，沙糖丸如弹子大。每次服用半丸，冷水化开送下。（出自《袖珍方》）
妊娠期间吐血、鼻衄不止：马勃末，浓米汤送服半钱。（出自《太平圣惠方》）
斑疮入眼：马屁勃、蛇皮各五钱，皂角子十四个，研为末，放入罐内，用盐泥密封固济，煅烧存性，研细。
疮口不愈合：用葱盐汤洗净擦干，以马屁勃末敷之，立即痊愈。（仇远《稗史》）
(Recorded in the Lower Category of *Bie Lu*)
[Names] Mapibo (pronounced "pi"), Mapibi (pronounced "pi"), Huigu (from *Bencao Gangmu*), Niushigou.
[Collection and Explanation] *Bie Lu* states: Mapibo grows in places in vegetable gardens that have been rotting for a long time.
Hongjing says: It is what the common people call Mapibo. It is purple, hollow and soft, resembling a dog's lung; when flicked, powder comes out.
Zongbing says: It grows in damp places and on rotting wood, harvested in summer and autumn. Some are as large as a dou (a unit of volume), others as small as a sheng or spoon. As mentioned by Han Yuhui regarding "Niusou and Mapibo."
[Processing] Shizhen says: When using raw Mapibo, spread it open with a piece of raw cloth, rub the Mapibo over it, catch the powder below with a plate, and use the collected powder.
[Flavor and Properties] Pungent, neutral, non-toxic.
[Indications] Malignant sores and horse scabies (*Bie Lu*). Applying to various sores is very effective (Hongjing). Remove the membrane, mix and knead with honey, add a little water to mix, and swallow while holding in the mouth to treat Houmi (sore throat) and throat pain (Zongbing). Clears the lungs, disperses blood, resolves heat toxins (Shizhen).
[Innovation and Elucidation] Shizhen says: Mapibo is light and hollow, a herb entering the Upper Jiao Lung Meridian. Therefore, it can treat various diseases such as Lung heat, cough, Houmi, epistaxis, and aphonia. Li Dongyuan used it in Puji Xiaodu Yin to treat Dabing (big head disease) with difficulty in the throat.
[Attached Prescriptions] Nine new prescriptions.
Sore throat and swelling, inability to swallow: Mapibo 1 fen, one snake skin burned until carbonized, ground into fine powder. Wrap 1 qian in silk, hold in mouth and swallow slowly; recovery is immediate. (*Taiping Shenghui Fang*)
Zouma Houmi (acute obstructive laryngitis): Mapibi (i.e., Huigu), Yanxiao (Saltpeter) 1 liang. Grind into powder. Blow in an amount of "yi zi" per dose; spitting out saliva and blood leads to cure. (*Jingyan Liangfang*)
Loss of voice: Mapibi and Mayaxiao (Potassium Nitrate) in equal parts, ground into powder, mixed with rock sugar and formed into pills the size of a Chinese chestnut. Hold in mouth to dissolve and swallow. (*Zhaixuan Fang*)
Chronic cough not stopping: Mapibo ground into powder, honey-formed pills the size of wutong seeds. Take 20 pills each time, washed down with white decoction; recovery is immediate. (*Puji Fang*)
Fish bone stuck in throat: Mapibo powder, honey-formed pills the size of a bullet. Hold in mouth to dissolve and swallow. (*Shengji Lu*)
Hematemesis due to accumulated heat: Mapibi ground into powder, rock sugar-formed pills the size of a bullet. Take half a pill each time, dissolved in cold water and swallowed. (*Xiuzhen Fang*)
Persistent hematemesis and epistaxis during pregnancy: Mapibo powder, taken with thick rice drink, half qian per dose. (*Taiping Shenghui Fang*)
Erythema entering the eyes: Mapibi and Snake Skin each 5 qian, 14 Soap Nut seeds, ground into powder, placed in a jar, sealed tightly with salt mud, calcined until carbonized, then ground finely. [Note: Text implies application, though specific instruction cut off in source snippet context, usually external use].
Sores not healing: Clean and dry with Scallion-Salt Decoction, apply Mapibi powder to the area; recovery is immediate. (Qiu Yuan, *Bai Shi*)