（音啼。《纲目》）
【校正】
时珍曰∶旧注见 鱼，今分出。
【释名】人鱼（《弘景》）、孩儿鱼。
时珍曰∶ 声如孩儿，故有诸名。作
【集解】弘景曰∶人鱼，荆州·临沮·青溪多有之。似
之不消耗，秦始皇骊山冢中所用人鱼膏是
宗 曰∶ 鱼形微似獭，四足，腹重坠如囊，身微紫色，无鳞，与 、 相类。尝剖视
之，中有小蟹、小鱼、小石数枚也。
时珍曰∶孩儿鱼有二种∶生江湖中，形色皆如 、 ，腹下翅形似足，其腮颊轧轧，音
如儿啼，即
多人鱼
而长距，足白而对，食之无蛊疾，可以御兵。按此二说，前与陶合，后与寇合，盖一物也。
今渔人网得，以为不利，即惊异而弃之，盖不知其可食如此也。徐铉《稽神录》云∶谢仲玉
者，曾见妇人出没水中，腰以下皆鱼。乃人
中一妇人，肘后有红鬣。问之。曰∶人鱼
【气味】甘，有毒。
【主治】食之，疗瘕疾（弘景）。无蛊疾（
（音倪。《拾遗》）
【释名】人鱼（《山海经》）、
时珍曰∶鲵，声如小儿，故名。即 鱼之能上树者。
俗云 鱼上竿，乃此也。与海中鲸，同名异物。蜀人名
者曰 。《异物志》云∶有鱼之体，以足行如虾，故名
云一名王鲔，误矣，王鲔乃鲟鱼也。
【集解】藏器曰∶鲵生山溪中。似 有四足，长尾，能上树。大旱则含水上山，以草叶
覆身，张口，鸟来饮水，因吸食之。声如小儿啼。
时珍曰∶按∶郭璞云∶鲵鱼似 ，四脚，前脚似猴，后脚似狗，声如儿啼，大者长八、
九
似有足，能缘木，声如婴儿，可食。《酉阳杂俎》云∶峡中人食鲵鱼，缚树上，鞭至白汁
出如构汁，方可治食。不尔
【气味】甘，有毒。
【主治】食之无痴疾（《山海经》）。
（音同“啼”。出自《本草纲目》）
【校正】
李时珍说：旧注见于“鱼”条，现在将其分出单独论述。
【释名】人鱼（出自陶弘景《本草经集注》）、孩儿鱼。
李时珍说：其叫声像小孩，所以有这些名字。
【集解】陶弘景说：人鱼，在荆州临沮县青溪一带有很多。形状像鲵但不消耗（指膏脂不易枯竭），秦始皇骊山陵墓中用人鱼膏就是指的这种。
寇宗奭说：鲵鱼形体略微像獭，有四只脚，腹部沉重下垂如囊袋，身体微呈紫色，无鳞，与鲦、鮈等鱼相似。曾经剖开查看，里面有数只小蟹、小鱼和小石子。
李时珍说：孩儿鱼有两种：生长在江湖中的，颜色和形状都像鲦、鮈，腹下翅膀形状像脚，腮颊发出轧轧声，声音像婴儿啼哭，这就是人鱼。
还有说法称其生长时间长且距离远，脚白色且相对，食用它可以不生蛊毒，可以抵御兵器伤害。综合这两种说法，前一种与陶弘景所述相符，后一种与寇宗奭所述相符，大概是一种东西。如今渔人网获此鱼，认为不吉利，就惊恐怪异地抛弃它，大概不知道它可以食用如此美味。徐铉《稽神录》记载：谢仲玉曾看见妇人在水中出没，腰部以下全是鱼身。那是人鱼中的一位妇人，肘后有红色鬃毛。询问她，她说她是人鱼。
【气味】味甘，有毒。
【主治】食用它，可治疗瘕积病（陶弘景）。不生蛊毒（寇宗奭）。
（音同“倪”。出自《海药本草拾遗》）
【释名】人鱼（出自《山海经》）、鲵。
李时珍说：鲵的叫声像小儿，因此得名。即能上树的鲵鱼。
俗话说的“鲵鱼上竿”，就是指这个。它与海中的鲸鱼同名但异物。蜀地人称它为“鲵”。《异物志》记载：有鱼的形体，用脚行走像虾，因此得名。
有人说一名王鲔，这是错误的，王鲔其实是鲟鱼。
【集解】苏颂（藏器）说：鲵生在山溪中。形状像鲵，有四只脚，长尾巴，能上树。大旱时含水上山，用草叶覆盖身体，张开嘴，鸟儿来喝水，趁机吸食它们。叫声像小儿啼哭。
李时珍说：按郭璞所说：鲵鱼形状像鲵，四只脚，前脚像猴子，后脚像狗，声音像婴儿啼哭，大的长达八九尺。
又说：似有脚，能爬树，声音像婴儿，可食用。《酉阳杂俎》记载：峡中地区的人食用鲵鱼，将其绑在树上，鞭打至流出白色汁液如构树汁，才可以处理食用。否则（有毒/不可食）。
【气味】味甘，有毒。
【主治】食用它不生痴疾（《山海经》）。
(Tone "Ti". From *Bencao Gangmu*.)
[Correction]
Li Shizhen said: The old annotation is found under the entry for "Fish", now separated out.
[Names] Renyu (Human Fish) (from Tao Hongjing), Haier Yu (Child Fish).
Li Shizhen said: Its sound resembles that of a child, hence these names.
[Collected Explanations] Tao Hongjing said: Renyu is abundant in Qingxi, Linju County, Jingzhou Province. It resembles [the giant salamander] but does not deplete [its fat], and the human fish fat used in Qin Shi Huang's Mausoleum at Lishan refers to this.
Kou Zongshi said: The body of the Ni fish is slightly similar to an otter, with four feet, a heavy belly hanging like a pouch, a slightly purple body, and no scales; it is similar to Tiao and Ju fish. Upon dissection, one finds several small crabs, small fish, and small stones inside.
Li Shizhen said: There are two types of Haier Yu: those living in rivers and lakes resemble Tiao and Ju in color and shape, have wing-like structures under the abdomen resembling feet, and produce a rattling sound from their gills and cheeks, sounding like a baby crying; this is the Renyu.
Another account states they grow long-distance, have white opposing feet, eating them prevents Gu disease (parasitic disease), and can ward off weapons. Considering both accounts, the former aligns with Tao, and the latter with Kou; they are likely the same creature. Nowadays, fishermen catch them, consider them inauspicious, and discard them in surprise, unaware that they are edible. Xu Xuan's *Ji Shen Lu* records: Xie Zhongyu once saw a woman emerging from the water, her lower body entirely fish-like. This was a female Renyu, with red bristles behind her elbow. When asked, she said she was a Renyu.
[Flavor and Toxicity] Sweet, toxic.
[Indications] Eating it treats Jia masses (accumulations) (Tao Hongjing). Prevents Gu disease (Kou Zongshi).
(Tone "Ni". From *Haiyao Bencao Shiyi*.)
[Names] Renyu (Human Fish) (from *Shan Hai Jing*), Ni.
Li Shizhen said: The Ni makes sounds like a child, hence the name. It is the Ni fish capable of climbing trees.
The folk saying "Ni fish climbs the pole" refers to this. It shares the name with whales in the sea but is a different species. People in Shu call it "Ni". The *Yiwu Zhi* records: It has the body of a fish but walks on feet like a shrimp, hence the name.
Some say it is also called Wangwei, which is incorrect; Wangwei is actually the sturgeon.
[Collected Explanations] Su Gong (Zangqi) said: Ni lives in mountain streams. It resembles the Ni, has four feet, a long tail, and can climb trees. During severe droughts, it carries water up the mountain, covers itself with grass leaves, opens its mouth, and when birds come to drink, it sucks them in. Its sound resembles a child crying.
Li Shizhen said: According to Guo Pu: The Ni fish resembles the Ni, has four feet, front feet like a monkey, hind feet like a dog, and sounds like a baby crying; large ones are eight or nine chi long.
It is said to have feet, able to climb trees, sound like an infant, and be edible. *Youyang Zazu* records: People in the Gorge region eat Ni fish by tying them to trees and whipping them until white juice flows out like fig tree sap, before they can be prepared for consumption. Otherwise...
[Flavor and Toxicity] Sweet, toxic.
[Indications] Eating it prevents dementia/idiotic disorders (*Shan Hai Jing*).