\r猪肤\pj436.bmp\r
味甘，气微寒。无毒。猪养甚多，择健猪中，遍身纯黑色者才妙；肤论弗一，系 猪
时，附皮薄黑肤者为真。先哲尝言∶浅肤之义，《礼韵疏》曰∶肤革外薄皮，肤内浓皮，亦
指此也。《汤液》云∶猪为水畜之流，（猪之性能水，牧猪之所必择水草之交，故曰水畜也
。）其气必先入肾。少阴客热，惟此解之。仲景制猪肤汤，深义盖本诸此。加白蜜润燥除烦
，和白粉益气断痢。劫去猪卵，即双睾丸。却小儿惊悸癫痫，驱大人鬼疰蛊毒。疗五
癃挛缩
，治寒热贲豚。四蹄主伤挞溃疡，更下乳汁；悬蹄去悬痈内蚀，仍理痔疮。
心托心气镇惊，
脾
主脾伤除热。肺食多补肺，且治肺咳连声，（得火麻仁尤良。）若共白花菜煮尝，紧防
滞气；
食多损阳，亦治肺胀喘急，欲炼缯绢帛洁净，必用合膏。胆中汁纳谷道通便，
解伤寒热渴
；心内血（初剖猪腹取出时，勿沾水，切开得之。）丸诸药养血，（安神丸必用。）禁邪
梦纷纭
。舌煮浓汤，益无阳健脾进食；肝炙燥热，纳阴户止养引虫。（不次纳入则虫俱
引出，而痒
自止也。）肾止腰疼，古方煨肾散可睹；肚扶胃弱，新刊莲肚丸须知。肉多食令
人虚肥，动
风动痰亦速，仍闭血脉，损筋骨勿谓无伤；乳频进使人润泽，生精生血可知，更禁猪痫，除
天吊（脐风撮口尤验。）诚为有益。乳头煮啖却鬼毒，及寒热五癃；牙齿烧灰镇惊风，并蛇
虫
伤齿。肪膏利血脉，解风热润肺。脂油悦皮肤，涂疮疥杀虫。脑髓治头 脑鸣，
鬃膏涂发落
鬓秃。大肠脏捣连壳丸内，（黄连酒煮十两，枳壳麸炒四两，以大肠脏七寸，入水浸糯
米
于内，蒸烂捣为丸。）能消内痔益肠；疹骨髓入补阴丸中，可助真阴生髓。血补中风眩
晕，
贲豚暴气、海外瘴气齐驱；屎消中湿肿黄，天行疫毒，腹胀蛊毒并解。耳中垢亦有验，
能敷
虫啮蛇伤。猪窠草止小儿客忤夜啼，安席下勿令母见； 猪汤理产妇血刺心痛，
饮腹内何惧
证危。
（谟）按∶猪饲养甚多，盖图生息繁，食物寡容易长大；人啖食弗厌，乃嗜脂膏盛，筋
膜少不
胜
滑肥。《本经》款中，戒勿多食。是又有所据也。丹溪云∶猪肉惟补气，补气即补阳。人身
中阳常有余，阴常不足。凡患虚损证者，俱属阴虚，谓多食肉能补。是犹以火济火，反助有
余，愈损不足，安能保长寿哉？何者？内性本热，入胃则热便作，热作则痰生，痰生则气不
升
降。诸证之至，岂有已耶！予每见患感者食之，证愈增剧。患疟者食之，寒热复来。患金疮
食之，血滚衰涸。肥人多食，动风发痰。瘦人多食，助火作热。是皆助其有余之邪，而犯不
戒之韪也。孔子曰∶肉虽多，不使胜，食气。圣人亦此戒人，岂无意欤？
猪肤
味甘，气微寒。无毒。养猪的人很多，但在健壮的猪中，要选择全身纯黑色的才妙；猪肤的说法不一，系指猪身上附着在皮上的薄黑皮才是真的。先哲曾说：浅肤的含义，《礼韵疏》说：肤是外面的薄皮，肤里面是厚的皮，也是指这个意思。《汤液》说：猪属于水畜一类，（猪的性能与水有关，牧猪的地方必须选择水草交界之处，所以叫水畜。）它的气味一定先入肾经。少阴经受邪产生的客热，只有猪肤能解除它。张仲景配制猪肤汤，深奥的道理大概就基于此。加上白蜜润燥除烦，加上米粉益气止痢。（注：此处“和粉”通常指米粉或小麦粉，原文作“白粉”，结合语境及方剂组成，多指米粉以健脾止泻）。去掉猪的睾丸（即双睾丸），可以治疗小儿惊悸癫痫，驱除大人鬼疰蛊毒。治疗五种淋证和筋脉挛缩，治疗寒热往来及奔豚气。猪蹄主治被打造成的溃疡，还能下乳汁；悬蹄（猪蹄尖端的角质物）能去除悬痈内部腐蚀，还能调理痔疮。猪心能托举心气、镇惊，猪脾能主治脾伤、除热。猪肺食用多能补肺，且治疗连续不断的咳嗽，（配合火麻仁效果更好。）如果与白花菜一起煮食，要谨防导致气机阻滞；吃多了损伤阳气，也能治疗肺胀喘急，如果要炼制缯绢帛使其洁净，必须使用猪膏。猪胆汁纳入肛门可通便，解伤寒热渴；猪心内血（刚剖开猪腹取出时，不要沾水，切开可得。）制成丸药与其他药同服可养血，（安神丸必用。）禁止邪梦纷纭。猪舌煮成浓汤，有益无阳、健脾进食；猪肝烤干治燥热，纳入阴道可止痒并引出寄生虫。（如果不按次序纳入，虫子都会引出来，瘙痒自然停止。）猪肾止腰痛，古方煨肾散可见到；猪肚扶助胃弱，新刊莲肚丸需知晓。猪肉多吃使人虚胖，动风动痰也很快，仍会闭塞血脉，损伤筋骨不能说没有伤害；猪乳频繁饮用使人润泽，可知其生精生血，更能禁止猪痫，治疗天吊（脐风撮口尤其有效。）确实很有益处。猪乳头煮食可驱除鬼毒，以及寒热五癃；猪牙齿烧成灰可镇惊风，以及蛇虫咬伤牙齿。猪脂肪膏利血脉，解风热润肺。猪脂油悦皮肤，涂疮疥杀虫。猪脑髓治头脑鸣响，猪鬃膏涂头发脱落鬓角秃。猪大肠脏捣碎连壳做成丸药内服，（黄连酒煮十两，枳壳麸炒四两，取七寸猪大肠，放入水中浸泡糯米在内，蒸烂捣为丸。）能消除内痔益肠；猪疹骨髓加入补阴丸中，可帮助真阴生髓。猪血补中风眩晕，奔豚暴气、海外瘴气一齐驱除；猪屎消中湿肿黄，天行疫毒，腹胀蛊毒一并解决。耳垢也有疗效，能敷虫咬蛇伤。猪窝草止小儿客忤夜啼，安放在席下不要让母亲看见；猪汤理产妇血刺心痛，饮入腹内何惧证候危险。
（陈嘉谟）按语：猪饲养很多，大概是图繁殖快，食物少容易长大；人吃它不厌倦，是因为喜欢它的油脂肥肉，筋膜少不胜滑肥。《本经》条款中，告诫不要多吃。这又是有依据的。朱丹溪说：猪肉只补气，补气就是补阳。人身中阳常有余，阴常不足。凡是患虚损证的人，都属于阴虚，说多吃肉能补。这就像用火救火，反而助长有余，更加损害不足，怎么能保长寿呢？为什么呢？猪肉本性本热，进入胃中热就发作，热发作则痰生，痰生则气不升降。各种病症到来，难道有结束的时候吗？我每次看见患病的人吃了它，病情更加严重。患疟疾的人吃了它，寒热又回来。患金疮的人吃了它，血流衰涸。胖子多吃，动风发痰。瘦子多吃，助火作热。这都是助长有余之邪，而犯了不该犯的过错。孔子说：肉虽然多，不让它超过主食的量。圣人也是以此告诫人们，难道没有深意吗？
Pig Skin (Zhu Fu)
Sweet in taste, slightly cold in nature. Non-toxic. There are many ways to raise pigs; among healthy pigs, those that are purely black all over the body are considered superior. The term "pig skin" varies in meaning; it specifically refers to the thin, dark skin attached to the hide of the pig, which is regarded as authentic. Ancient scholars once stated: regarding the meaning of superficial skin, *Li Yun Shu* says: "Fu" refers to the thin outer skin, while the inner thick skin also falls under this definition. *Tang Ye* states: Pigs belong to the category of water animals (because pigs have a affinity with water, and their pastures must be chosen at the intersection of water and grass, hence called water animals). Their qi first enters the Kidney channel. For exogenous heat affecting the Shaoyin channel, only pig skin can resolve it. Zhang Zhongjing formulated Zhu Fu Tang (Pig Skin Decoction), the profound meaning of which is based on this principle. Adding Bai Mi (White Honey) moistens dryness and relieves irritability; adding He Fen (Rice Flour or Wheat Flour) strengthens Qi and stops dysentery. Removing Zhu Juan (Pig Testicles, i.e., both testes) treats pediatric palpitations, epilepsy, and adult Gui Zhu (Ghost Attacking) and Gu Du (Parasitic Toxin). It treats Wu Long (Five Types of Strangury) and tendon contraction, and manages alternating chills and fever along with Ben Tun (Rushing Pig Qi). Pig hooves treat traumatic ulcers and promote lactation; Xuan Ti (Suspending Hoof, the keratinous tip of the hoof) removes internal erosion from Xuan Yong (Hanging Abscess) and regulates hemorrhoids. Pig Heart supports Heart Qi and calms fright; Pig Spleen treats Spleen injury and clears heat. Pig Lung, when consumed in quantity, tonifies the Lung and treats persistent coughing (especially effective when combined with Huo Ma Ren / Hemp Seed). If boiled with Bai Hua Cai (White Flower Vegetable), one must beware of causing Qi stagnation; excessive consumption damages Yang Qi, yet it can also treat Lung distension with wheezing and urgency. To refine silk fabrics for cleanliness, Pig Fat (Gao) is essential. Pig Gallbladder Juice inserted into the anus promotes bowel movement and resolves Heat-Thirst from Shang Han (Cold Damage); Pig Heart Blood (obtained by cutting open the heart immediately after slaughter without water contact) made into pills nourishes Blood (essential for An Shen Wan / Calm Spirit Pill) and prevents chaotic evil dreams. Pig Tongue boiled into a thick decoction benefits "Wu Yang" (deficiency of Yang), strengthens the Spleen, and promotes appetite; Roasted Pig Liver treats dry-heat and, when inserted into the vagina, stops itching and expels parasites (if inserted sequentially, worms are expelled, and itching ceases). Pig Kidney stops lower back pain, as seen in ancient formulas like Wei Shen San (Baked Kidney Powder); Pig Stomach supports weak Stomach function, as known in Xin Kan Lian Du Wan (Newly Published Lotus Stomach Pill). Eating too much Pork causes flaccid obesity, rapidly generates Wind and Phlegm, blocks blood vessels, and damages sinews and bones—do not say it is harmless. Frequent intake of Pig Milk moisturizes the body, generating Essence and Blood, and prevents Zhu Xian (Pig Epilepsy) and Tian Diao (Umbilical Wind/Tetanus, especially effective for Nuo Kou). It is indeed beneficial. Boiled Pig Nipples expel Gui Du (Ghost Toxins) and manage alternating chills/fever and Wu Long; Burnt Pig Teeth ash calms Wind-Fright and treats snake/insect bites to teeth. Pig Adipose (Fat) unblocks blood vessels, resolves Wind-Heat, and moistens the Lungs. Pig Lard beautifies the skin, treats sores and scabies, and kills parasites. Pig Brain treats tinnitus in the head; Pig Bristle grease treats hair loss and bald temples. Pig Large Intestine Mucosa, pounded and formed into pills with shell (prepared by boiling 10 liang of Huang Lian / Coptis Rhizome in wine, stir-frying 4 liang of Zhi Ke / Aurantium Fructus with bran, placing them inside 7 cun of soaked glutinous rice within the intestine, steaming until soft, and pounding into pills), eliminates internal hemorrhoids and benefits the intestines. Pig Marrow added to Bu Yin Wan (Tonify Yin Pill) assists True Yin in generating marrow. Pig Blood treats dizziness from Wind-Stroke, drives away Ben Tun Qi, sudden Qi rebellion, and overseas miasma. Pig Feces resolves dampness-induced swelling and jaundice, Tian Xing Yi Du (Epidemic Viruses), abdominal distension, and Gu Du. Earwax also has efficacy; applied externally, it treats insect bites and snakebites. Pig Sty Grass stops Ke Wu (Guest Evil) night crying in children; placed under the mat, it should not be seen by the mother. Pig Soup regulates stabbing heart pain due to postpartum blood stasis; drinking it internally alleviates critical conditions.
(Chen Jiamo) Commentary: Pigs are raised extensively, likely because they reproduce quickly and grow easily on sparse food. Humans do not tire of eating them because they favor the rich fat and meat, finding the tendons and membranes insufficiently slippery and fatty. The *Ben Jing* (Divine Farmer's Materia Medica) warns against excessive consumption, which is well-founded. Zhu Danxi said: Pork only tonifies Qi; tonifying Qi is equivalent to tonifying Yang. In the human body, Yang is often in excess, while Yin is often deficient. Those suffering from deficiency syndromes generally suffer from Yin deficiency; claiming that eating more meat tonifies is like using fire to save fire—it further aids the excess and depletes the deficiency even more. How can longevity be preserved? Why? Pork is inherently hot; upon entering the Stomach, heat arises. When heat arises, Phlegm is generated. When Phlegm is generated, Qi fails to ascend and descend. Will the arrival of various symptoms ever cease? I have often seen patients who ate pork after contracting external pathogens see their conditions worsen. Malaria patients saw chills and fever return. Patients with traumatic wounds experienced depleted blood flow. Obese people who eat pork generate Wind and Phlegm. Emaciated people who eat pork aid Fire and generate Heat. All these actions assist the pathogenic excess and violate necessary prohibitions. Confucius said: "Although there may be much meat, one should not let it exceed the amount of grain." Did the Sage not intend to warn people with this statement?