\r耀州黄芩\pj87.bmp\r
\r潞州黄芩\pj88.bmp\r
味苦，气平、大寒。味薄气浓，可升可降，阴也，阴中微阳。无毒。所产尚彭城，（
属山东。）凡用择深色。剔去内朽，刮净外衣。薄片咀成，生炒如式。单恶葱实，勿令同煎
。畏丹砂牡丹藜芦，用山茱龙骨引使。枯飘者名宿芩，入手太阴，上膈酒炒为宜；坚
实者名子芩，入手阳明，
下焦生用最妙。宿芩泻肺火，消痰利气，更除湿热，不留积于肌表间；子芩泻大肠火，养阴
退阳，又滋化源，常充溢于
膀胱内。赤痢频并可止，赤眼胀痛能消。得五
白术砂仁安胎孕。疗鼠 同耆
蔹赤豆，（黄耆、白蔹、赤小豆。）治腹疼同浓朴黄连。又煎小清空膏，（载丹溪方。）单味而
清头脑。总除诸
\r雅州黄连\pj89.bmp\r
\r广州胡黄连\pj90.bmp\r
\r宣州黄连\pj91.bmp\r
味苦，气寒。味浓气薄，可升可降，沉也，阴也，阴中微阳。无毒。宣连出宣城，
（
苗收者。）川连生川省，瘦小苗多。（带苗收者。）并取类鹰爪连珠，
日曝待甚干燥，布裹捋（音
落）净须苗。治诸火邪，依各制炒。火在上炒以醇酒，火在下炒以童便。实火朴硝，虚火酽
醋。痰火姜汁，伏火（火伏
下焦者。）盐汤。气滞火同吴茱萸，血瘕火拌干漆末。食积泻亦可服，陈壁土（向东者妙。）
研炒之。（硝茱漆土俱研细，
调水和炒。）肝胆火盛欲驱，必求猪胆汁炒。又治赤眼，人乳浸蒸。或点或吞，立能劫痛。
胜乌附，（乌头、附子。）畏款
冬。恶芫菊（芫花、菊花。）玄参，忌猪肉冷水。为使黄芩龙骨，入手少阴心经。巴豆遇之，
其毒即解。可熬膏煎液，任
合散为丸。香连丸广木香和搀，为腹痛下痢要药；茱连丸吴茱萸佐助，乃吞吐酸水神方。如
止消渴便多，单研蜜为丸亦
效。同枳壳治血痔，同当归治眼疮。佐桂蜜煎服空心，（黄连为君，佐官桂少许，煎百沸入
蜜，空心服之。）使心肾交于
顷刻。镇肝凉血，（凡治血，防风为上使，黄连为中使，地榆为
痫，泻心除痞病。去妇人阴
户作肿，愈小儿食土成疳。消恶疮恶痈，却湿热郁热。又种生羌胡国土，因以胡黄连
为名。干如杨柳枯枝，折断一
线烟出。气平寒味尤苦甚，心内黑皮略淡黄。恶玄参菊花，亦解巴毒；忌猪肉误食，令人泄
精。疗痨热骨蒸，治伤寒咳
嗽。温疟多热即解，久痢成疳竟除。补肝胆劫目痛尤灵，理腰肾敛阴汗最捷。小儿盗汗潮热，
妇人胎蒸虚惊。并宜用之，
不可缺也。
（谟）按∶苦先入心，火必就燥。黄连苦燥，乃入心经。虽云泻心实，泻脾脏为子能令
母实，
实则泻其子也。但久服之，反从火化，愈觉发热，不知有寒。故其功效惟初病气实热盛者，
服之最良，而久病气虚发热，服之又反助其火也。
味苦，气平、大寒。气味淡薄而气机浓郁，作用趋势可升可降，属性为阴，但在阴中带有微弱的阳。无毒。产地以彭城（属山东）为上品。凡入药需挑选颜色深者，剔除内部腐朽部分，刮净外皮。切成薄片咀嚼服用，生用或炒制依方剂要求而定。单味使用时厌恶葱实，不可同煎。畏丹砂、牡丹、藜芦，用药时可用山茱萸、龙骨作为引经药。枯浮者称为宿芩，归入手太阴肺经，上焦膈间病证宜酒炒后使用；坚实者称为子芩，归入手阳明大肠经，下焦病证宜生用最妙。宿芩能清泻肺火，消除痰饮、利顺气机，更能清除湿热，使邪气不积留于肌表之间；子芩能清泻大肠之火，滋养阴液、退却阳热，又能滋生化之源，常充盈于膀胱之内。对于赤色痢疾频作可止住，赤眼胀痛能消除。得白术、砂仁配合可安胎孕。治疗鼠瘰（淋巴结核）可与黄芪、白蔹、赤小豆同用，治疗腹痛可与厚朴、黄连同用。又煎制小清空膏（记载于丹溪方），单味使用即可清利头脑。总除各种……
雅州产的黄连
广州产的胡黄连
宣州产的黄连
味苦，气寒。气味浓郁而气机淡薄，作用趋势可升可降，性质沉降，属阴，在阴中带有微弱的阳。无毒。宣连产于宣城（带苗采收）。川连产于四川省，瘦小且多带苗（带苗采收）。均选取类似鹰爪、连珠状的药材，日晒至非常干燥，用布包裹搓揉（音落）干净须根和苗叶。治疗各种火邪，依据不同情况炮制炒用。火在上部，用醇酒炒；火在下部，用童便炒。实火配朴硝，虚火配浓醋。痰火配姜汁，伏火（火潜伏在下焦者）配盐汤。气滞火同吴茱萸同用，血瘕火拌干漆末。食积腹泻也可服用，陈壁土（向东面的墙土为佳）研细后炒之。（硝石、吴茱萸、干漆、陈壁土均需研细，调和水后炒制。）肝胆火盛欲驱除，必须求猪胆汁炒。又治赤眼，用人乳浸泡蒸制。或点眼或吞服，立即能缓解疼痛。胜过乌头、附子，畏款冬花。厌恶芫花、菊花、玄参，忌猪肉、冷水。为使药可用黄芩、龙骨，归入手少阴心经。巴豆遇到它，其毒性即解。可熬膏煎液，任意合散剂制成丸剂。香连丸由广木香搀和而成，是治疗腹痛下痢的要药；茱连丸有吴茱萸佐助，是治疗呕吐吞酸的神方。如要止消渴、小便频多，单研黄连蜜为丸也有效。同枳壳治血痔，同当归治眼疮。佐官桂蜜煎服空心（黄连为君药，佐少许官桂，煎煮百沸后入蜜，空腹服用），能使心肾在顷刻间相交。镇肝凉血，（凡治血证，防风为上使，黄连为中使，地榆为……痫证，泻心除痞病。去除妇人阴户肿胀，治愈小儿食土成疳。消除恶疮恶痈，祛除湿热郁热。又种植于羌胡国土，因此名为胡黄连。干燥时像杨柳枯枝，折断有一线烟冒出。气平寒，味道尤其苦甚，心内黑皮略淡黄。厌恶玄参、菊花，也能解巴豆毒；忌猪肉，误食令人泄精。治疗劳热骨蒸，治伤寒咳嗽。温疟多热即解，久痢成疳竟除。补肝胆、劫目痛尤为灵验，理腰肾、敛阴汗最快捷。小儿盗汗潮热，妇人胎蒸虚惊。并宜用之，不可缺也。
（谟）按：苦先入心，火必就燥。黄连苦燥，乃入心经。虽云泻心实，实则泻脾脏，因为“子能令母实”，实则泻其子也。但久服之，反从火化，愈觉发热，不知有寒。故其功效惟初病气实热盛者，服之最良，而久病气虚发热，服之又反助其火也。
Huangqin from Yaozhou
Huangqin from Luzhou
Bitter in taste, neutral and greatly cold in nature. The flavor is light but the qi is dense; it can ascend and descend, belonging to Yin, with a slight Yang within Yin. Non-toxic. The best origin is Pengcheng (belonging to Shandong). When used, select those with deep color. Remove internal rot, scrape clean the outer skin. Cut into thin slices for chewing; use raw or stir-fried as required. It dislikes Congshi (Allium fistulosum fruit) when used alone; do not decoct together. It is incompatible with Dansha (Cinnabaris), Mudanpi (Moutan Cortex), and Lilu (Veratrum nigrum); Shanzhuyu (Corni Fructus) and Longgu (Fossilia Ossis Mastodi et Hippopotami) are used as guiding herbs. The withered and floating ones are named Suxinqin (Old Scutellariae Radix), entering the Hand-Taiyin Lung Meridian; for upper jiao and diaphragm conditions, wine-stir-frying is suitable. The firm and solid ones are named Zixinqin (Young Scutellariae Radix), entering the Hand-Yangming Large Intestine Meridian; for lower jiao conditions, using them raw is best. Suxinqin clears Lung fire, resolves phlegm, promotes Qi circulation, and removes damp-heat, preventing accumulation on the body surface. Zixinqin clears Large Intestine fire, nourishes Yin, subdues Yang, and nourishes the source of transformation, often filling the Bladder. It can stop frequent bloody dysentery and reduce red, swollen, and painful eyes. Combined with Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma) and Sharen (Amomi Fructus), it calms the fetus. For treating scrofula (lymphatic tuberculosis), it is combined with Huangqi (Astragali Radix), Baidian (Ampelopsis Radix), and Chixiaodou (Phaseoli Semen Rubri). For abdominal pain, it is combined with Houpo (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex) and Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma). Decocted as Xiaoqingkong Gao (recorded in Danxi's formulas), used singly to clear the head and brain. Generally removing various...
Huanglian from Yazhou
Hulianlian from Guangzhou
Huanglian from Xuanzhou
Bitter in taste, cold in nature. The flavor is dense but the qi is light; it can ascend and descend, sinking in nature, belonging to Yin, with a slight Yang within Yin. Non-toxic. Xuanlian originates from Xuancheng (harvested with seedlings). Chuanlian grows in Sichuan Province, being slender, small, and mostly harvested with seedlings. Both types should resemble hawk claws or linked pearls. Sun-dry until very dry, wrap in cloth, and rub (pronounced 'luo') clean of rootlets and seedlings. To treat various Fire pathogens, stir-fry according to specific preparations. If Fire is in the upper part, stir-fry with strong wine; if in the lower part, stir-fry with child's urine. For Excess Fire, combine with Poxiao (Natrii Sulfas); for Deficiency Fire, combine with Yan Cu (Strong Vinegar). For Phlegm-Fire, combine with Jiangzhi (Ginger Juice); for Hidden Fire (Fire hidden in the lower jiao), combine with Yantang (Salt Water). For Qi-Stagnation Fire, combine with Wuzhuyu (Evodiae Fructus); for Blood-Mass Fire, mix with Ganqi Mo (Dryobalanops Residue Powder). It can also be taken for food stagnation diarrhea; Chenbitu (Old Wall Soil, preferably facing east) is ground and stir-fried with it. (Poxiao, Wuzhuyu, Ganqi, and Chenbitu must all be ground finely, mixed with water, and stir-fried.) To drive out Excess Liver-Gallbladder Fire, Pig Gallbladder Juice stir-frying is essential. It also treats red eyes by soaking and steaming in human milk. Applied topically or swallowed, it immediately relieves pain. It surpasses Wutou (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Preparata) and Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Preparata); it fears Kandonghua (Adenophorae Radix). It dislikes Yuanhua (Genkwa Flos), Juhua (Chrysanthemi Flos), and Xuanshen (Scrophulariae Radix); it prohibits pork and cold water. As an assistant herb, Huangqin and Longgu are used, entering the Hand-Shaoyin Heart Meridian. When encountered with Badou (Crotonis Fructus), its toxicity is resolved. It can be boiled into paste or liquid, arbitrarily combined with powders to make pills. Xianglian Wan (Coptidis and Costi Pill) contains Guangmuxiang (Aquilariae Lignum Resinatum), being a key medicine for abdominal pain and dysentery; Zhulian Wan (Evodiae and Coptidis Pill) has Wuzhuyu as an assistant, being a miraculous formula for vomiting and acid regurgitation. To stop polydipsia and frequent urination, grinding Huanglian alone with honey to make pills is also effective. Combined with Zhike (Aurantii Fructus), it treats hemorrhoidal bleeding; combined with Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), it treats eye sores. With Guirou (Cinnamomi Ramulus) and honey decocted and taken on an empty stomach (Huanglian as sovereign, assisted by a little Guirou, boiled vigorously, honey added, taken empty stomach), it allows Heart and Kidney to interact instantly. It anchors Liver and cools blood (In treating blood disorders, Fangfeng is the superior guide, Huanglian is the middle guide, Diyu is... epilepsy, clearing Heart and removing fullness. It reduces swelling of the female genitalia and cures pediatric pica-induced malnutrition. It eliminates malignant sores and carbuncles, dispelling damp-heat and stagnant heat. Hulianlian is grown in Qianghu lands, hence its name. Dry like willow branches, breaking emits a line of smoke. Neutral and cold in nature, extremely bitter in taste, black inside with slightly pale yellow skin. It dislikes Xuanshen and Juhua, and can resolve Badou toxicity; it prohibits pork, and accidental ingestion causes seminal emission. It treats consumption fever and bone-steaming, and cough due to cold damage. It resolves warm malaria with excessive heat and completely cures chronic dysentery leading to malnutrition. It benefits Liver and Gallbladder, alleviates eye pain effectively, regulates waist and Kidney, and stops night sweats rapidly. It is suitable for pediatric night sweats and tidal fever, and maternal pregnancy fever with false fright. It should be used and cannot be omitted.
(Mo) Note: Bitter enters the Heart first; Fire seeks dryness. Huanglian is bitter and drying, thus entering the Heart Meridian. Although said to drain Heart Excess, it actually drains the Spleen because "the son can cause the mother to be excess," and when there is excess, one drains the son. However, long-term use transforms into Fire, causing more heat and masking the cold nature. Therefore, its efficacy is best for initial diseases with Qi-excess and Heat-excess; for chronic diseases with Qi-deficiency and heat, taking it again反而 assists the Fire.