有原复敏速之义,此则第二番蛾也。白僵蚕条中已具。屎,饲牛代谷。又以三升醇
酒,拌蚕屎五斗,用甑蒸热,于暖室中铺于油单上,令患风冷气闭及近感瘫风人,就所患一
边卧,着温热,浓盖覆,汗出为度。若虚人须常在左右,防大热昏冒。仍令头面在外,不得
壅覆,未全愈,间,再作。
治妇人血风,此则眠起时所蜕皮是也。其蚕退纸谓之蚕连,亦烧灰用之,治妇人血露
。
生剖晒干,取少许,火上微炙,候油出,涂白剥用,以指擦之,即时色转。凡如此
五七次用,即愈,仍先于白处微微擦动。
鲛鱼沙鱼皮一等,形稍异。今人取皮饰鞍剑。余如经。
河豚,经言“无毒”。此鱼实有大毒,味虽珍,然修治不如法,食之杀人,不可不谨
也。浓生者不食亦好。苏子美云∶“河豚于此时,贵不数鱼虾”。此时诗家鄙讽之言,未足
全信也,然此物多怒,触之则怒气满腹,翻浮水上,渔人就以物撩之,遂为人获。橄榄并芦
根汁,解其毒。
紫贝大二三寸,背上深紫,有点但黑。《本经》以此烧存性,入点眼药。
鲈益肝肾,补五脏,和肠胃。食之宜人,不甚发病。宜乎,张翰思之也。
多在人家渠堑下,大腹,品类中最大者是。遇阴雨或昏夜即出食。取眉间有白汁,谓
之蟾酥。以油单裹眉裂之,酥出单上,入药用。有人病齿缝中血出,以纸 子蘸干蟾酥少许
,于血出处按之,立止。世有人收三足枯蟾,以罔众,但以水沃半日,尽见其伪。盖本无三
足者。
具有原蚕和复养蚕快速繁殖的含义,这里指的是第二番产茧的蚕蛾。在“白僵蚕”条目中已经详细记载过。其粪便可以喂养牛只,代替谷物饲料。另外,用三升纯酒拌和五斗蚕屎,放入甑中蒸热,铺在暖室里的油单上,让患有风冷气闭以及刚感受瘫风邪气的人,躺在患病的一侧,利用温热之气,厚厚地覆盖身体,以出汗为度。如果是体质虚弱的人,必须有人在旁边看护,防止因过热而昏厥。还要让患者的头面部露在外面,不得完全覆盖遮挡,如果病未痊愈,间隔一段时间后再进行第二次治疗。
用于治疗妇女血风证,这里指的是蚕眠醒后蜕下的皮。这种蚕蜕下来的纸状物称为“蚕连”,也可以烧成灰使用,用来治疗妇女血崩漏下之症。
将活蚕剖开晒干,取少量,在火上微微烘烤,待油脂渗出时,涂抹于白斑处并用手指擦拭,颜色即刻转变。像这样反复操作五到七次即可痊愈,但仍需先在白斑处轻轻摩擦。
鲛鱼和鲨鱼的皮等级相同,形状略有差异。现在人们取它们的皮来装饰马鞍和剑鞘。其余内容如经典记载所述。
河豚,古籍中说它“无毒”。这种鱼实际上有大毒,味道虽然鲜美,但如果加工处理不符合规范,食用后会致人死亡,不可不谨慎。肉质浓肥的生河豚不吃也罢。苏子美曾说:“此时的河豚,价格贵重超过鱼虾。”这是诗人讽刺调侃的话,不能完全相信。然而这种鱼容易发怒,触碰它时怒气充满腹部,会翻浮在水面上,渔人就用东西撩拨它,于是就被捕获。橄榄和芦根汁可以解它的毒。
紫贝直径大约二三寸,背部深紫色,带有黑色斑点。《神农本草经》记载将其烧至存性,用于配制点眼药。
鲈鱼有益肝肾、补五脏、调和肠胃的功效。食用它对人有好处,不太容易引起疾病。难怪张翰会思念它。
蟾蜍多在人家的沟渠下面,肚子大,在同类动物中体型最大的是它。遇到阴雨天或黄昏夜晚就会出来觅食。采集它眉间流出的白色汁液,称为“蟾酥”。用油单包裹并挤破它的眉心,酥液流出附着在油单上,收集起来入药使用。有人患牙龈缝隙出血,用纸条蘸取少许干蟾酥,按在出血处,血立刻停止。世间有人收集三只脚的枯死蟾蜍来欺骗大众,但只要用水浇灌半天,就能看出全是伪造的。因为本来就没有三只脚的蟾蜍。
This refers to the second generation of silkworm moths, implying the rapid reproduction cycle of original and reared silkworms. This has been detailed in the entry for *Bai Jiangcan* (White Silkworm). The feces can be used to feed cattle as a substitute for grain. Additionally, mix five dou of silkworm feces with three sheng of strong wine, steam them hot in a steamer basket, spread them on an oil cloth in a warm room, and have patients suffering from wind-cold qi obstruction or recent onset of paralysis lie on the affected side. Apply warmth, cover thickly, and continue until sweating occurs. For those with deficiency constitutions, attendants must remain nearby to prevent fainting due to excessive heat. Ensure the head and face are exposed and not covered; if not fully recovered, repeat the treatment after an interval.
Used to treat women's blood-wind syndrome; this refers to the skin shed by the silkworm upon waking from dormancy. The paper-like substance left behind is called "Can Lian" (Silkworm Link), which can also be burned to ash and used to treat women's metrorrhagia and leukorrhea.
Freshly dissected and sun-dried, take a small amount, lightly roast over fire until oil exudes, then apply to vitiligo patches and rub with fingers; the color will immediately change. Repeat this process five to seven times to achieve a cure, ensuring gentle friction on the white patches initially.
Shark and manta ray skins are of similar grade, though their shapes differ slightly. Nowadays, people use their skins to decorate saddles and sword scabbards. Other details remain as recorded in classics.
The pufferfish (*Hetun*), ancient texts state it is "non-toxic." In reality, this fish possesses significant toxicity. Although its taste is exquisite, improper preparation can lead to death upon consumption; thus, caution is imperative. It is better not to eat raw, fleshy specimens. Su Zimei said: "At this time, the pufferfish is more expensive than fish and shrimp." This was merely satirical poetry and should not be fully trusted. However, this fish becomes angry easily; when touched, it inflates its belly and floats to the surface. Fishermen can capture it by prodding it. Olive juice and reed root juice can detoxify it.
*Zi Bei* (Purple Shell) is about two to three cun in diameter, with a deep purple back marked with black spots. *Shennong Bencao Jing* records burning it to retain its properties for use in eye drop preparations.
*Bai Lu* (Sea Bass) benefits the liver and kidneys, tonifies the five zang organs, and harmonizes the stomach and intestines. Its consumption is beneficial to humans and rarely induces disease. No wonder Zhang Han missed it.
Toads are often found under ditches near residences; they have large bellies and are the largest among amphibians. They emerge to feed during rainy weather or at dusk/night. Collect the white fluid from between their eyebrows, known as "Chan Su" (Toad Venom). Wrap the brow area with an oil cloth and squeeze to extract the venom onto the cloth for medicinal use. If someone suffers from bleeding gums, dip a piece of paper in dry Chan Su and press it against the bleeding site to stop the flow instantly. Some people collect dead toads with three legs to deceive others; however, soaking them in water for half a day reveals the fraud, as naturally occurring three-legged toads do not exist.