入药亦稀，苗又谓之人苋，人多食之。茎高而叶红黄二色者，谓之红人苋，可淹菜用
。
四方皆有，在北道则冬方凋毙，生南方则冬夏常青。此《月令》小满节后，所谓苦菜
秀者是此。叶如苦苣更狭，其绿色差淡，折之白乳汁出，常常点瘊子，自落。味苦，花与野
菊相似，春、夏、秋皆旋开花。去中热，安心神。
今菜中惟此自初生便堪生啖，四方皆有。多食昏人眼，蛇亦畏之。虫入耳，以汁滴耳
中，虫出。诸虫不敢食其叶。以其心置耳中，留虫出路，虫亦出。有人自长立禁此一物不敢
食，至今目不昏。苦苣 捣汁，傅疔疮殊验。青苗阴干，以备冬月，为末，水调傅亦可。
芜菁、芦菔，二菜也。芦菔，即萝卜也。芜菁，今世俗谓之蔓菁。夏则枯。当
此之时，蔬圃中复种之，谓之鸡毛菜。食心，正在春时。诸菜之中，有益无损，于世有功。
采撷之余，收子为油。根，过食动气。河东太原所出极大，他处不及也。又出吐谷浑。后于
莱菔条中。《尔雅·释草》但名“芦菔，今谓之萝卜”是也。则芜菁条中，不合更言及芦菔
二字，显见重复。从《尔雅》为正。
即前条所谓芦菔，今人只谓之萝卜。河北甚多，登、莱亦好。服地黄、何首乌人食
之，则令人髭发白。世皆言草木中惟此下气速者，为其辛也。不然，如生姜、芥子又辛也，
何止能散而已。莱菔辛而又甘，故能散缓而又下气速也。散气用生姜，下气用莱菔。
入药的情况也比较少见，其嫩苗又被称为“人苋”，很多人食用它。茎秆高大且叶片呈现红黄两色的，称为“红人苋”，可以用来制作腌菜。
各地都有生长，在北方道路一带则冬季枯萎死亡，生长在南方则冬夏常青。这就是《礼记·月令》小满节气后所说的“苦菜秀”（苦菜开花）指的就是这种植物。它的叶子比苦苣更窄，绿色稍淡，折断后有白色乳汁流出，经常用汁液点涂瘊子（疣），瘊子会自动脱落。味道苦，花朵与野菊花相似，春、夏、秋三季都会陆续开花。能去除体内的中焦热邪，安定心神。
现在的蔬菜中只有这种从刚长出就可以生吃，各地都有。多吃会使人眼睛昏花，蛇也畏惧它。如果有虫子进入耳朵，将汁液滴入耳中，虫子就会出来。各种虫子都不敢吃它的叶子。如果把它的芯放在耳中，留出虫子的出路，虫子也会出来。有人从小立下禁忌，不敢吃这一种食物，至今眼睛没有昏花。苦苣捣成汁，外敷治疗疔疮非常有效。青苗阴干，以备冬天使用，研成粉末，用水调匀外敷也可以。
芜菁和芦菔，是两种蔬菜。芦菔，就是萝卜。芜菁，现在世俗称之为蔓菁。夏天时会枯死。在这个时候，菜园里重新种植它，称为鸡毛菜。食用其心部，正是在春季。在各种蔬菜之中，它对身体有益而无损，对世人有功。采摘剩下的部分，收集种子榨油。根部，吃多了会扰动气机。河东太原产出的特别大，其他地方比不上。另外也出产于吐谷浑。在后面莱菔的条目中再详述。《尔雅·释草》只称“芦菔，今谓之萝卜”就是这样。那么在芜菁的条目中，不应该再提及芦菔二字，这明显是重复。以《尔雅》为准。
就是前条所说的芦菔，现在人们只叫它萝卜。河北地区很多，登州、莱州产的也很好。服用地黄、何首乌的人吃了它，会导致胡须头发变白。世人都说草木中只有它下气（降逆气）最快，是因为它辛散的特性。否则，像生姜、芥子也是辛的，为什么仅仅只能发散呢？莱菔既辛又甘，所以既能发散又能迅速降气。散气用生姜，降气用莱菔。
Its use in medicine is also rare; its seedlings are also called *Renxian* (Amaranthus manihot), and many people consume them. Those with tall stems and leaves of two colors, red and yellow, are called *Hong Renxian* (Red Amaranth), which can be used for pickling.
It grows everywhere. In the northern regions, it withers and dies in winter, whereas in the south, it remains evergreen throughout winter and summer. This is what the *Yueling* (Monthly Ordinances) refers to as "Kucai xiu" (the flowering of bitter vegetables) after the Xiaoman solar term. Its leaves are narrower than those of *Kuju* (Sonchus oleraceus), with a slightly paler green color. When broken, white latex exudes. Frequently applying the juice to warts causes them to fall off naturally. It tastes bitter, its flowers resemble wild chrysanthemums, and it blooms successively during spring, summer, and autumn. It clears heat from the middle jiao (middle burner) and calms the spirit (Shen).
Among current vegetables, only this one is edible raw from the time of sprouting, and it is found everywhere. Consuming too much may cause visual blurring, and snakes fear it. If an insect enters the ear, dripping the juice into the ear canal allows the insect to exit. Various insects dare not eat its leaves. Placing its core in the ear creates an escape route for the insect, which will then exit. Some individuals have maintained a lifelong taboo against consuming this vegetable since childhood, and their vision has remained clear to this day. The juice extracted from *Kuju* applied externally is highly effective for treating carbuncles (Dingchuang). The green seedlings can be dried in the shade for winter use; when ground into powder and mixed with water for external application, it is also effective.
Wujing (Turnip) and Lufu (Radish) are two types of vegetables. Lufu is radish. Wujing is commonly known today as Manjing (Brassica rapa var. parachinensis). It withers in summer. At that time, it is replanted in vegetable gardens and called "Jimao cai" (Chicken Feather Vegetable). Its heart is consumed during spring. Among all vegetables, it offers benefits without harm and serves the world well. The remaining parts after harvesting are collected for oil extraction. The root, if overconsumed, disturbs Qi. The variety produced in Taiyuan, Hedong, is exceptionally large, surpassing those from other regions. It is also produced in Tuyuhun. Further details are provided in the entry for Laifu. The *Erya · Shicao* simply names it "Lufu, now called Luobo." Therefore, mentioning "Lufu" again in the Wujing entry is evidently redundant. We adhere to the *Erya* as the standard.
This refers to the Lufu mentioned in the previous entry, now solely called Luobo by people. It is abundant in Hebei, and varieties from Dengzhou and Laizhou are excellent. Individuals taking Rehmanniae Radix (Dihuang) or Polygoni Multiflori Radix (Heshouwu) should avoid eating it, as it may cause beard and hair to turn white. It is generally believed among herbs that only this plant descends Qi rapidly due to its acrid nature. Otherwise, ginger and mustard seeds are also acrid, yet they merely disperse. Luobo is both acrid and sweet, thus capable of both dispersing and rapidly descending Qi. Use ginger to disperse Qi, and use Luobo to descend Qi.