原。再也。谓再养者。又名晚蚕夏蚕热蚕。正取第二番所出。时当火令也。用蛾
必取原蚕。蚕砂亦当取之原蚕。惟僵蚕不拘早晚耳。其三出以至七八出者。不宜入药。
雄蛾
味咸。气温热。主益精气。强阴道。暖水脏。止泄精尿血。治遗精赤白浊。原蚕
晚蚕第一番出者。其子再复出为二蚕。（此说精审）此二蚕之种蛾性最淫。出茧便媾。
入肾。性能助阳。（仲淳）治阳痿。未连蚕蛾二升。去头翅足。炒为末。蜜丸梧子大。每
服一丸。有效。饮菖蒲酒则力减。遗精白浊。晚蚕蛾焙干。去翅足。为末。饭丸绿豆
服四十丸。淡盐汤下。此丸常以火烘。否则易历（音枚）湿。血淋疼痛。晚蚕蛾为末。
服二钱。蚕蛾散。止血生肌。治刀斧伤创。血出如箭。晚蚕蛾炒为末。敷之即止。
〔论〕 蚕属火而有金。火固金之主也。乃以食桑叶者。合于水土之精气。如经所谓阳
中之
仍引
以化
蚕雄
强阴
阳。
亦可
缪氏少年阴痿。由于失志者。不宜。阴虚有火者。忌。
〔修治〕去翅足。炒用。
沙
味辛甘。气温。别录治肠鸣。热中消渴。炒黄。袋盛浸酒。去风缓诸节不遂。皮肤顽
痹。腹内宿冷。冷血瘀血。脚腰冷疼。（藏器）纲目去风胜湿。疗女子血崩血闭。熨风法。
用
处卧
蚕砂炒一两。伏龙肝半两。阿胶一两。为末。空心。温酒调服二三钱。腹中症瘕
柴灰。淋汁煮鳖肉。丸服。
〔论〕 蚕砂在别录言主热中。而藏器疗诸冷病。夫冷热异治。其谁适主耶。曰。前论
所谓
瘀血
又
迟而
由于
化湿
缓也
蚕茧
用已出蛾者。
气味甘温。 止消渴反胃。疗头疳疮。及下血血淋血崩。治痈肿无头。烧灰酒服。次日
即破。痈疽代针。用一枚即出一头。二枚即出二头。神妙。煮汤。治消渴。古方甚称之。丹
溪言
相同
分为
蚕蜕
气味甘平。主血病。妇人血风。治目中翳障及疳疮。
〔辨治〕医家多用初出蚕子壳在纸上者。其实当用老蚕眠起所蜕皮。入药微焙用。
（蚕连） 蚕纸也。治肠风泻血。崩中带下。小便淋闭。及牙宣牙痈。牙疳喉痹。蚕
蜕皮蚕连
炒焦。槐子
效。走马牙
咽津。
〔论〕 蚕蜕及连。何以取治血证。盖血本于火。金水合而后生化者也。早蚕得金水清
化之
伙矣
〔总论〕 蚕之用有三。早蚕得金水清化之气。而能胜亢阳之伤阴。故茧也。蜕也。连
也
茧者
拘早
（附）缲丝汤（已见卷一水部） 治消渴大验。
丝绵
新绵烧灰。主吐血衄血下血崩中带下疳疮脐疮 耳。（濒湖）肠风下血。旧绵烧灰。
壳麸炒。等分。入麝少许。为末。每服一钱。米饮下。血崩不止。好绵及妇人发共烧存性
百草霜等分为末。每服三钱。温酒下。或加棕灰。又方。用白绵莲花心当归茅花红花各一
以白纸裹定。黄泥固济。烧存性。为末。入麝少许。每服一钱。食前好酒服。
煮汁服。治消渴。并产妇脬损。洗痘疮溃烂。烧灰。止血痢下血。吐血血崩。固脬散。
治产妇脬损。小便淋沥不断。黄丝绢三尺。以炭灰淋汁。煮至极烂。清水洗净。入黄蜡五钱。
蜜一两。茅根二钱。马勃末二钱。水一升。煎一盏。空心顿服。服时弗出声。出声
〔辨治〕 此乃蚕吐黄丝所织。非染成黄色也。
原蚕。是指再次饲养的蚕。也就是所谓的晚蚕、夏蚕或热蚕。正式取用第二番孵化出的蚕，此时正值火令季节（夏季）。使用蚕蛾时，必须选用原蚕蛾；蚕砂也应当选用原蚕的蚕砂。只有僵蚕不拘泥于早晚批次。那些经过三次甚至七八次饲养的蚕，不宜入药。
雄蛾
味咸，气温热。主要功效为补益精气，强健阴道，温暖水脏（肾），止泄精和尿血。治疗遗精及赤白浊症。
【方剂】原蚕晚蚕第一番产出的蚕，其子再次孵化称为二蚕。（此说法精密审慎）这二蚕所化的蚕蛾性情最淫乱，一出茧便交配。
归经入肾，性能助阳。（仲淳注）治疗阳痿。
【方剂】未与蚕卵相连的蚕蛾二升，去除头、翅、足，炒制后研为细末，用蜂蜜制成梧桐子大小的丸药。每次服用一丸，有效。若饮用菖蒲酒，药效会减弱。
【方剂】针对遗精、白浊：将晚蚕蛾焙干，去除翅和足，研为细末，用米饭制成绿豆大小的丸药。每次服用四十丸，淡盐汤送服。此丸药常以火烘烤，否则容易受潮变软。
【方剂】针对血淋疼痛：将晚蚕蛾研为细末，每次服用二钱。
【方剂】蚕蛾散：具有止血生肌功效，治疗刀斧造成的创伤，出血如箭般喷射。将晚蚕蛾炒制后研为细末，外敷患处即可止血。
〔论〕 蚕属火而兼有金性，火本是金的主宰。但蚕以桑叶为食，桑叶合于水土的精气。正如《内经》所谓“阳中之阴”……（原文此处有缺漏/引文中断）……仍引用……以化……蚕雄……强阴……阳。亦可……缪氏记载少年阳痿因失志所致者，不宜使用。阴虚有火者，忌用。
〔修治〕 去除翅和足，炒制后使用。
沙（指蚕砂）
味辛甘，气温。《别录》记载治疗肠鸣、热中消渴。炒黄后，装入袋中浸泡酒中，可祛风，缓解关节屈伸不利，治疗皮肤顽痹、腹内宿冷、冷血瘀血、脚腰冷痛。（藏器注）《纲目》指出其能祛风胜湿，治疗女子血崩、血闭。
【熨风法】用蚕砂一两（炒）、伏龙肝半两、阿胶一两，研为细末。空腹时，用温酒调服二三钱。治疗腹中症瘕积聚。
【方剂】用柴灰淋汁煮鳖肉，制成丸药服用。
〔论〕 《别录》说蚕砂主治热中，而藏器治疗各种冷病。冷热异治，究竟以谁为主呢？回答说：前论所谓……瘀血……又……迟而……由于……化湿……缓也……（原文此处逻辑跳跃或残缺）。
蚕茧
使用已出蛾的蚕茧。
气味甘温。止消渴反胃，治疗头疳疮，以及下血、血淋、血崩。治疗无头痈肿，烧成灰后用酒送服，次日即破溃。作为痈疽代针，用一枚即出一头脓，用两枚即出两头脓，神妙。煮汤服用，治疗消渴，古方对此评价很高。丹溪言……相同……分为……（原文此处有缺漏）。
蚕蜕
气味甘平。主治血病，妇人血风。治疗目中翳障及疳疮。
〔辨治〕 医家多使用刚从蚕子孵出时在纸上的壳，其实应当使用老蚕眠起时所蜕下的皮，入药时微焙后使用。
（蚕连） 即蚕纸。治疗肠风泻血、崩中带下、小便淋闭，以及牙宣、牙痈、牙疳、喉痹。
【方剂】蚕蜕皮、蚕连炒焦，配合槐子……效。走马牙疳……咽津。
〔论〕 蚕蜕及蚕连，为何能治疗血证？盖因血本源于火，金水相合而后生化。早蚕得金水清化之气……伙矣……（原文此处有缺漏）。
〔总论〕 蚕的用途有三类。早蚕得金水清化之气，能胜亢阳之伤阴。故茧、蜕、连……茧者……拘早……（原文此处有缺漏）。
丝绵
新绵烧成灰，主治吐血、衄血、下血、崩中带下、疳疮、脐疮、耳疾。（濒湖注）治疗肠风下血。
【方剂】旧绵烧成灰，壳麸炒至等分，加入少许麝香，研为细末。每次服用一钱，米饮送服。
【方剂】血崩不止：用好绵及妇人头发共同烧存性，与百草霜等分为末。每次服用三钱，温酒送服。或加棕灰。
【又方】用白绵、莲花心、当归、茅花、红花各……以白纸裹定，黄泥固济，烧存性，研为细末，加入少许麝香。每次服用一钱，食前用好酒送服。
煮汁服用，治疗消渴，并治疗产妇膀胱损伤。洗痘疮溃烂。烧成灰，止血痢、下血、吐血、血崩。
【固脬散】治疗产妇膀胱损伤，小便淋漓不断。用黄丝绢三尺，以炭灰淋汁煮至极烂，清水洗净，加入黄蜡五钱、蜜一两、茅根二钱、马勃末二钱，用水一升，煎至一盏量。空腹顿服。服药时不可出声，出声则……（原文此处有缺漏）。
〔辨治〕 这是蚕吐黄丝所织成的，并非染成黄色。
Yuan Can (Second-generation Silkworm). Refers to silkworms raised for a second time. Also known as late-season silkworm, summer silkworm, or heat silkworm. The official part is taken from the second generation hatched, which occurs during the Fire season (summer). When using silkworm moths (Can E), one must select Yuan Can moths; silkworm frass (Can Sha) should also be sourced from Yuan Can. Only stiff silkworm (Jiang Can) is not restricted by generation timing. Silkworms that have gone through three to seven or eight generations are not suitable for medicinal use.
Male Silkworm Moth
Taste: Salty. Temperature: Warm and hot. Actions: Tonifies essence and Qi, strengthens the genital organs, warms the Water Viscera (Kidney), stops seminal emission and hematuria. Treats spermatorrhea and red/white turbid discharge.
[Formula] Silkworms from the first generation of Yuan Can/Late-season Can produce offspring that hatch again into "Er Can" (Second Can). (This explanation is precise.) The moths derived from Er Can are most lustful; they mate immediately upon emerging from the cocoon.
Meridian Tropism: Kidney. Property: Assists Yang. (Note by Zhong Chun) Treats impotence.
[Formula] Two sheng of male silkworm moths not yet connected to eggs, remove head, wings, and feet, stir-fry and grind into powder. Form pills with honey the size of wu-tzu (Cocculus orbiculatus seeds). Take one pill per dose. Effective. Drinking Calamus wine reduces its efficacy.
[Formula] For spermatorrhea and white turbid discharge: Dry-roast late-season silkworm moths, remove wings and feet, grind into powder. Form pills with rice the size of mung beans. Take forty pills per dose, washed down with light salt water. These pills should be frequently dried over fire; otherwise, they easily become soft and damp.
[Formula] For painful stranguria with blood: Grind late-season silkworm moths into powder. Take two qian per dose.
[Formula] Can E San (Silkworm Moth Powder): Stops bleeding and generates flesh. Treats knife or axe wounds where blood spurts like an arrow. Stir-fry late-season silkworm moths, grind into powder, and apply externally to stop bleeding immediately.
[Discussion] Silkworms belong to Fire but possess Metal characteristics; Fire is indeed the master of Metal. However, since silkworms feed on mulberry leaves, they combine with the essence of Earth and Water. As stated in the [Neijing], "Yin within Yang"... [Text fragment] ...still cites... to transform... Male silkworm... Strengthens Yin... Yang. Also possible... Miao's case notes that impotence in youth due to loss of willpower should not use this. Those with Yin deficiency and internal heat should avoid it.
[Processing] Remove wings and feet, stir-fry before use.
Sha (Silkworm Frass/Droppings)
Taste: Pungent and sweet. Temperature: Warm. Ben Cao Jing Bie Lu records it treats intestinal borborygmus, heat in the middle jiao, and thirst with wasting and urination. Stir-fry until yellow, place in a bag, and soak in wine. Dispels wind and relieves joint immobility. Treats skin numbness and stubborn bi-syndrome, chronic cold in the abdomen, cold blood and blood stasis, and cold pain in the legs and waist. (Note by Zang Qi) Compendium of Materia Medica states it dispels wind and overcomes dampness, treating women's metrorrhagia and amenorrhea.
[Fomentation Method]: Use one liang of stir-fried silkworm frass, half a liang of Long Gu (Fulong Gan/Hearth Soil), and one liang of Ejiao (Donkey-hide Gelatin). Grind into powder. Take two to three qian with warm wine on an empty stomach. Treats abdominal masses (Zheng Jia).
[Formula]: Boil turtle meat in lye juice made from wood ash, form into pills, and take orally.
[Discussion] Ben Cao Jing Bie Lu states silkworm frass primarily treats heat in the middle jiao, while Zang Qi treats various cold diseases. Cold and heat require different treatments; who takes precedence? It is said that the previous discussion regarding... Blood stasis... also... delayed... due to... transforming dampness... slowing down... [Text fragment].
Silkworm Cocoon
Use cocoons from which moths have already emerged.
Taste and Temperature: Sweet and warm. Actions: Stops thirst and regurgitation, treats capitis tinea (head ringworm), lower bleeding, bloody stranguria, and metrorrhagia. Treats unruptured carbuncles and sores; burn to ash and take with wine. The abscess breaks open the next day. Used as a substitute needle for carbuncles and ulcers; one cocoon induces one head of pus, two cocoons induce two heads. Miraculous. Decoct in water to treat thirst; ancient formulas highly praise this. Danxi says... same... divided into... [Text fragment].
Silkworm Slough (Molt)
Taste and Temperature: Sweet and neutral. Actions: Treats blood disorders, women's blood wind syndrome. Treats corneal opacity (yi zhang) and capitis tinea.
[Differentiation and Treatment]: Physicians often use the shells found on paper when silkworms first hatch. In fact, the skin molted by old silkworms during their sleep/wake cycles should be used. Lightly roast before medicinal use.
(Can Lian / Silkworm Paper) Treats intestinal wind with bloody stool, metrorrhagia with leukorrhea, painful and difficult urination, as well as receding gums, dental abscesses, oral tinea, and throat bi-syndrome.
[Formula]: Stir-fry silkworm slough and silkworm paper until charred, combined with Huai Zi (Sophora fruit)... effective. For gangrenous stomatitis (Zou Ma Ya Gen)... swallow saliva.
[Discussion] Why do silkworm slough and paper treat blood syndromes? Blood originates from Fire; only when Metal and Water combine can life transformation occur. Early silkworms obtain the clear transformation energy of Metal and Water... numerous... [Text fragment].
[General Discussion] There are three uses of silkworms. Early silkworms obtain the clear transformation energy of Metal and Water, capable of overcoming the Yin-damaging effects of hyperactive Yang. Thus, the cocoon, slough, and paper... The cocoon... restricts early... [Text fragment].
(Appendix) Sao Si Tang (Reeling Silk Soup) (Already seen in Volume 1, Water Section). Highly effective for treating thirst and wasting syndrome.
Silk Floss
Burn new silk floss to ash. Primarily treats hematemesis, epistaxis, lower bleeding, metrorrhagia with leukorrhea, capitis tinea, umbilical tinea, and ear diseases. (Note by Binhu) Treats intestinal wind with bloody stool.
[Formula]: Burn old silk floss to ash, stir-fry shell bran to equal parts, add a small amount of She Xiang (Musk), grind into powder. Take one qian per dose, washed down with rice drink.
[Formula] For unstoppable metrorrhagia: Burn good quality silk floss and human hair together until carbonized (preserve nature). Mix with equal parts Bai Cao Shuang (Soot from hundred herbs). Take three qian per dose, washed down with warm wine. Or add Zong Hui (Palm fiber ash).
[Another Formula]: Use white silk floss, lotus heart, Dang Gui (Angelica sinensis), Mao Hua (Imperata rhizome flower), and Hong Hua (Carthamus flower) each in equal amounts. Wrap tightly in white paper, seal with yellow mud, burn until carbonized, grind into powder, add a small amount of Musk. Take one qian per dose, wash down with good wine before meals.
Decoct in water and take to treat thirst, and bladder injury in postpartum women. Wash ulcerated chickenpox lesions. Burn to ash to treat dysentery with blood, lower bleeding, hematemesis, and metrorrhagia.
[Gu Pao San (Bladder-Strengthening Powder)] Treats postpartum bladder injury with continuous dribbling of urine. Take three chi of yellow silk, boil in lye juice from charcoal ash until extremely soft, rinse with clean water. Add five qian of Huang La (Yellow Beeswax), one liang of Honey, two qian of Mao Gen (Imperata root), and two qian of Ma Bo (Amanita mushroom powder). Decoct in one sheng of water until reduced to one Jian. Take all at once on an empty stomach. Do not make noise while taking the medicine; if noise is made... [Text fragment].
[Differentiation and Treatment] This is woven from the yellow silk spun by silkworms, not dyed yellow.