一名佛耳草。一名鼠耳。原野甚多。二月生苗。茎叶柔软。叶长寸许。白茸如
三月开小黄花。成穗。四月结细子。如粟。（濒湖）
味甘酸。气平。性热。 款冬花为之使。 主治痹寒。除肺寒嗽及痰。大升肺气。调中
益气
〔总论〕 酸浆生于川泽。仲夏后吐华。结子深红。盖禀大火之令。而成于寒水之气化
者。
由
。而日华具有调中益气之说。经曰。气虚者寒也。是物宜之。
此马蹄决明。又有草决明。即青葙子也。以其亦能明目。用之者遂冒为决明子。误
盖青葙茎直如蒿。苗叶花实。与鸡冠相类。子在穗中。黑扁而光。粒同苋实。决明子叶
蓿而阔大。秋深结角。如初生细豇豆子。在角中状如马蹄。青绿色。故曰马蹄决明。其
稍大。而主治尤优。不可不审。（嘉谟）
味咸平苦甘。气微寒。足厥阴肝正药。亦入肾经。 除肝热。和肝气。主治青盲目淫。
肤赤
草）
芥黄
附案 一童子素有目疾。已愈。又因久衄。肾肝虚火俱动。致目赤。左 微痛。用姜汁
制生
胡五
每
〔论〕 决明子得水士阴经之气。而兼禀乎清阳者也。（本仲淳） 味咸走血。气寒对
治热。故
治优于青葙
分。及因风
即洛阳花。俗谓十姊妹。茎细有节。高一二尺。叶似石竹。梢巅开花。有红紫粉蓝。
斑斓数色。结实如燕麦。内子紫黑而匾。第在五月则黑。六月则黄。故宜采于夏至后。交小
暑节则迟矣。 又方书中南天竺草。即生瞿麦也。
穗（只用蕊壳。不杂茎叶。） 味苦微辛。气寒。阳中之阴。通心经。利小肠。 丹皮
为之使
肠与心为
肠别作病
利窍也。（
七钱五分。
七分。时时
〔论〕 瞿麦专取蕊壳。其用通心。能化血分之结泣。（破胎堕子而下闭血）夫血与小
水。是
合于火
者。且
治血分
但非
胞中
血海
胱。
性猛利。善下逐。凡肾气虚。小肠无大热者。忌之。胎前产后。一切虚人小水不利者。
禁用
〔修治〕 先以堇竹沥浸一伏时。漉出。晒干用。
【鼠曲草】
又名佛耳草，又名鼠耳。在原野中生长很多。二月生出苗茎，茎叶柔软。叶子长约一寸左右，表面有白色绒毛，如同三月时的景象。三月开小黄花，结成穗状。四月结出细小的种子，像粟米一样。（引自李时珍《本草纲目》）
味甘、酸，气平，性热。款冬花是它的使药。主治痹症寒邪，去除肺寒咳嗽及痰液，大能升发肺气，调和脾胃，益气。
【总论】
酸浆生长在川泽之地。仲夏之后开花，结出深红色的果实。大概是因为禀受了大火（夏季火气）的时令之气，而完成于寒水（冬季水气）的气化作用。因此日华子具有调中益气的说法。经书说：“气虚就是寒证。”这种药适合治疗此类病症。
【决明子】
这是马蹄决明。另外还有草决明，也就是青葙子。因为青葙子也能明目，使用者便冒用为决明子，这是错误的。
大概青葙子的茎干笔直像蒿草，苗、叶、花、实与鸡冠花相似。种子在穗中，黑、扁且光亮，颗粒同苋菜籽一样。决明子的叶子像苜蓿但更阔大，深秋结荚果，像初生的细豇豆，在荚果中的形状像马蹄，呈青绿色，所以叫马蹄决明。其药效稍好一些，主治更为优越，不可不仔细辨别。（引自嘉谟）
味咸、平、苦、甘，气微寒。是足厥阴肝经的正药，也入肾经。能除肝热，调和肝气。主治青盲（视力减退或失明）、目淫（眼部分泌物过多或红肿）。
附案：有一个童子素有眼疾，已经痊愈，又因长期流鼻血，导致肾肝虚火均动，致使眼睛发红，左侧轻微疼痛。使用姜汁……（原文此处残缺，推测为炮制或使用某药）胡五……每……
【论】
决明子禀受水土阴经之气，同时兼禀清阳之气。（引自本仲淳）味咸走血分，气寒对治热，所以……优于青葙子……分。以及因风……
【瞿麦】
即洛阳花，俗称为十姊妹。茎细且有节，高一二尺。叶子像石竹，梢顶开花，有红、紫、粉、蓝斑斓数色。结实像燕麦，里面的种子紫黑色且扁平。只是在五月时变黑，六月时变黄，所以适宜在夏至后采集，交小暑节气就迟了。
另外方书中的南天竺草，就是生长的瞿麦。
穗（只用蕊壳，不夹杂茎叶。）
味苦、微辛，气寒，属于阳中之阴。通心经，利小肠。丹皮是它的使药。
肠与心为……肠别作病……利窍也。（引自……）七钱五分。七分。时时……
【论】
瞿麦专门取用蕊壳，其功效在于通心，能化解血分的郁结泣滞。（注：破胎堕子，下闭血）夫血与小水（小便），是……合于火……者。且……治血分……但非……胞中……血海……胱。
性猛利，善于下行驱逐。凡是肾气虚，小肠没有大热的，忌用。胎前产后，一切虚人小便不利的，禁用。
【修治】
先用堇竹沥浸泡一个伏时（约24小时），捞出，晒干使用。
[Curculigo Rhizome / Mouse Ear Grass]
Also known as Foer Grass (Fouercao) or Mouse Ear (Shuer). It grows abundantly in fields and wilds. Seedlings emerge in the second lunar month; the stems and leaves are soft. The leaves are about one cun long, covered with white down, resembling the appearance in the third lunar month. In the third month, small yellow flowers bloom, forming spikes. In the fourth month, fine seeds like millet are formed. (Cited from Li Shizhen)
The taste is sweet and sour; the nature is neutral; the thermal property is hot. Duan Dong Hua (Kalanchoe Flower) serves as its guiding herb. It treats Bi syndrome caused by cold, eliminates lung-cold cough and phlegm, greatly raises Lung Qi, harmonizes the Middle Jiao, and benefits Qi.
[General Discussion]
Suan Jiang (Physalis alkekengi var. franchetii) grows in rivers and marshes. It blooms after mid-summer and bears deep red fruits. This is because it inherits the command of Great Fire (Summer Fire) and completes its transformation through the Qi of Cold Water (Winter Water). Therefore, Ri Hua Zi states it can harmonize the Middle and benefit Qi. The Classics say: "Qi deficiency constitutes Cold." This substance is suitable for such conditions.
[Cassiae Semen]
This is Ma Ti Jue Ming (Horse-hoof Cassia Seed). There is also Cao Jue Ming, which is Qing Xiang Zi (Celosia Seed). Because Qing Xiang Zi can also brighten the eyes, users mistakenly substitute it for Jue Ming Zi, which is an error.
Generally, Qing Xiang Zi has a straight stem like Artemisia; its seedling, leaves, flowers, and fruits resemble Celosia cristata. The seeds are within the spike, black, flat, and glossy, similar in size to Amaranthus seeds. Jue Ming Zi leaves are like Medicago sativa but broader. In late autumn, it produces pods like young cowpeas; inside the pod, the seeds resemble horse hooves, greenish-blue, hence the name Ma Ti Jue Ming. Its efficacy is slightly superior, and its therapeutic action is more excellent; this must be carefully distinguished. (Cited from Jiamo)
The taste is salty, neutral, bitter, and sweet; the thermal property is slightly cold. It is the principal herb for the Foot-Jueyin Liver Meridian and also enters the Kidney Meridian. It clears Liver Heat and harmonizes Liver Qi. It treats blindness (Qing Mang), excessive eye discharge, and red skin.
[Case Record] A boy who previously suffered from eye disease, which had healed, subsequently developed chronic epistaxis. This moved the deficient fire of both the Kidney and Liver, causing redness of the eyes and slight pain on the left side. Using Ginger Juice... [text missing] Hu Wu... Each...
[Discussion]
Jue Ming Zi inherits the Yin Qi of the Earth and Water meridians and simultaneously possesses Clear Yang Qi. (Cited from Ben Zhongchun) Salty flavors enter the Blood aspect; cold thermal properties counteract heat; therefore... it is superior to Qing Xiang Zi... and due to Wind...
[Dianthus Caryophyllus Herb / Dianthi Herba]
It is also known as Luoyang Flower, commonly called Ten Sisters. The stem is thin and jointed, one to two chi high. The leaves resemble Dianthus superbus. Flowers bloom at the tips, displaying various colors such as red, purple, pink, and blue. It bears fruit resembling oats; the inner seeds are purplish-black and flat. They turn black in the fifth month and yellow in the sixth month; thus, they should be harvested after the Summer Solstice. Harvesting after the Minor Heat solar term is too late.
Additionally, Nan Tian Zhu Cao in medical formularies refers to growing Dianthi Herba.
Spikes (using only the calyx and corolla, without stems and leaves.)
The taste is bitter and slightly pungent; the thermal property is cold; it belongs to Yin within Yang. It unblocks the Heart Meridian and promotes urination via the Small Intestine. Mu Dan Pi serves as its guiding herb.
The intestine and heart are related... treating the intestine separately as a disease... promoting orifices. (Cited from...) 7 qian 5 fen. 7 fen. At all times...
[Discussion]
Dianthi Herba specifically uses the calyx and corolla; its function unblocks the Heart and can resolve stagnation and fluid retention in the Blood aspect. (Note: It induces abortion and expels retained blood.) Blood and Xiao Shui (urine) are... combined with Fire... Moreover... treating the Blood aspect... but not... Bao Zhong (uterus)... Xue Hai (Blood Sea)... Pang Guang (bladder).
Its nature is fierce and penetrating, good at descending and expelling. For those with Kidney Qi deficiency and no significant heat in the Small Intestine, it is contraindicated. During pregnancy and postpartum, and for all deficient persons with difficult urination, it is strictly prohibited.
[Processing]
Soak first in Jin Zhu Li (Bamboo Sap from Dianthus/Bambusa species) for one Fu period (approx. 24 hours), drain, and sun-dry for use.