须先借胃气以为行药之主。若胃气实者，攻之则去而疾常易愈，此以胃气强而药力易行也。胃气虚者，攻亦不去，此
非药不去病也，以胃虚本弱，攻之则益弱，而药力愈不能行也。若久攻之，非惟药不能行，必致元气愈伤，病必愈
甚，尽去其能，必于死矣。矧体质贵贱尤有不同，凡藜藿壮夫及新暴之病，自宜消伐，惟速去为善；若以弱质弱病，
而罔顾虚实，概施欲速攻治之法，则无不危矣。（《景岳》）
治察素禀嗜好 素喜冷食者，内必多热；素喜热食者，内必多寒。故内寒者不喜寒，内热者不喜热。然热
者嗜寒，多生中寒，寒者嗜热，多生内热，此《内经》所谓久而增气，物化之常也。气增而久，夭之由也。故凡治病
养生者，又当于素禀中，察其嗜好偏胜之弊。（《景岳》）
治察何因受伤 饮食致病，凡伤于热者，多为火证而停滞者少；伤于寒者，多为停滞而全非火证。大都饮
食之伤，必因寒物者居多，而温平者次之，热者又次之。故治此者，不可不察其所因。（《景岳》）
或有伤于食者，必先问其人，或因喜食而多食之耶，或因饥饿而急食之耶，或因人所勉强劝而强食之耶，或
因病后宜禁之物而误食之耶。如因喜食得之，当先益其胃气，胃气素强，损谷自愈，消导耗气之药，不必服也。
如因饥饿得之，当先益其胃气，胃气复，所伤之物自消导矣。如因勉强劝而得之，宜行消导之剂。若因病后得之，
当以保养为主。（《保元》）
谷劳 谷劳候∶脾胃虚弱，不能传消谷食，使腑脏气痞塞，其状令人食已则卧，肢体烦而嗜眠是也。
（《病源论》）
胃受水谷，其气虚弱，不能转化，则令人怠惰嗜卧，肢体烦重，腹满善饥而不能食，食已则发，谷气不行使然也，
故谓之谷气。（《圣济》）
食厥 饮食过伤，变为异常急暴之证，人多不识。尝有一壮年人，忽得暴疾，如中风，口不能言，目不识
人，四肢不举，急投苏合香丸不效。予偶过闻之，因询其由。曰∶适方陪客饮食后，忽得此证。遂教以煎生姜淡盐汤，
多饮探吐之，吐出饮食数碗，实时病愈。又一妇人，先伤饮食损胃，后夜饭早卧，因事复起，少穿衣服，觉虚冷，
少顷忽得厥逆，昏迷不省。予曰∶此必有食也。令煎姜盐汤吐之，吐出夜饭，遂醒，后服白术陈皮半夏麦芽汤，调理
而愈。大抵此等证，多因饮食醉饱之后，或感风寒，或着气恼而得，饮食填塞，胃气不行，内伤特重（按∶《统
旨》作以致填塞胸中，胃气有所不行，阴阳痞膈，升降不通，此内伤至重者）。如误作
中风、中气证，而用驱风解表行气散气之药，则胃气重伤，死在旦夕。尝见人有卒暴病，多作中风、中气用药，
须臾不救，莫知其由。《内经》虽有暴病暴死之证，但恐多有因于食者，前辈不曾明言，故人不识耳。今后遇有
此等急证，须要审问明白，若方饮食醉饱，或累伤饮食，重复受伤，但觉胸膈有食滞者，只作食治之。（《杂
着》）
中食，忽然厥逆昏迷，口不能言，肢不能举，状似中风（《医通》曰∶此名食厥）。先煎姜盐汤，探吐其食
（《医碥》曰∶挟痰者瓜蒂散主之）。仍视其风寒仍在者，以藿香正气散解之。气滞不行者，以八味顺气散调之。
吐后别无他症，只以平胃散加白术、茯苓、半夏、曲、 之类调理。（《统旨》）
半身不遂 有饮食不节所伤，以致半身不遂，状如中风，不可作风治。盖人之饮食，下咽而入肝，由肝而
入脾，由脾而入胃。因食所伤，肝气不理，故痰涎壅塞，若中风然。亦有半身不遂者，肝主筋也。治以风药则误
矣，宜用消食之剂，其中如木瓜散（类方缺），却不可妄下之。食毒物非时物，多病此，不伤脾不伤胃而伤肝，病
不在下，故不可妄下。（《要诀》）（按∶先教谕曰∶《经脉别论》食气入胃，散精于肝，淫气于筋。复庵之论，岂
原于此乎。《续医说》、《证治准绳》并有说，宜并考。）
怒气侵脾证治 怒气伤肝，则肝木之气，必侵脾土而胃气受伤，致妨饮食。此虽以肝气之逆，然肝气无不渐
散，而脾气之伤，则受其困矣，此所以不必重肝，而重当在脾也。故凡遇此证，但当察其逆滞之有无，如无胁痛胀
满等证，则不必疏气，单宜以养脾益气为主，如五味异功散、归脾汤之属是也。或于补养药中，少加乌药、青皮、
白豆蔻以佐之亦
可。（《景岳》）
食时遭惊证 黄师文治一妇人，卧病三年，状如劳瘵。诸医以虚损治，不效。黄诊之曰∶此因食物时，
或遭惊也。询之，妇方省悟曰∶曩者食米团时，忽人报其夫坠水，由此惊病，延至今不愈。黄以青木香丸，兼以
利药一帖与之。须臾下一块，乃痰裹一米团耳，时被惊怏怏在心而不自觉也，自后无恙。（《易简方论》）
挟疝死证 石顽诊叶新宇，停食感冒，而两寸关皆涩数模糊，两尺皆沉弦而按之益坚。虽其人尚能行走，
而脉少冲和，此必向有陈气在少腹。询之，果患寒疝数年。因婉辞不便用药，是夜即腹暴满而逝。门人问曰∶叶
子偶抱小恙，何以知其必死而辞之？曰∶凡人胃满则肠虚，肠满则胃虚，更实更虚，其气乃居。今胸有瘕而腹有
积，上下俱困，能保其不交攻为患乎。当知厥疝入腹、香港脚冲心等疾，皆是阴邪搏结，郁积既久，则挟阴火之势而
上升。若胸中阳气有权，则阴邪仍归阴位而止。今胸中先为宿食填塞，腹中陈气，不逆则已，逆则上下俱满，正
气无容身之地，往往有暴绝之虞。所以不便用药，实未知其即死也。故凡诊六部中病脉有不相应处，即当察其有
无宿病，不可轻忽以招诽谤也。（《医通》）
治诸病当审饮食伤积 凡治诸病，时常审察有无饮食伤积，但见胸膈饱闷，或噫气咽酸，腹痛肠泄，恶
食少食，便问曾何饮食。审知伤积，即先调脾胃，消导饮食，然后用本病之药，或于本病药内，加入消导饮食药。
若不知审此，则药虽对病而不效。盖人以脾胃为主，胃气自伤，则不能运化药味以成功也。亦有食后即药，或药后
即睡，或服药太多者，谓之伤药，要须识此。（《杂着》）
非食疑食之谬 偶病之人，多有非食而疑食者，曰某日曾食某物或某肉某面，其日即病。医者不论虚实，
但闻此言，且见胃口不开，必先治食。夫未病之人，谁有不食，岂必预为停食而待病至者，斯可信其无食乎。及
其病也，则或因劳倦，或因风寒，或因七情，病发不测，而且无胀无滞，与食何干。药不对病而妄行剥削，必反增
病，此斯道中之莫斯有也。由此推之，则凡无据无证而妄指胡猜者，皆其类也，良可慨矣。（《景岳》）
消导方法（附疏气方）《肘后》疗饱食讫便卧，得病令人四肢烦重，嘿嘿欲卧方。
大麦 （一升熬） 干姜（二两）
上二味捣为末，服方寸匕，日三良。（《外台》）
治酒面食积停滞，胸膈胁肋作痛，诸药不效者。
糖球子（一两） 陈橘皮 紫苏茎叶 甘草（各一钱）
上作二服，水二大盏，生姜七片，煎至一盏，去滓稍热服，不拘时候，滓再煎，以大便利为效。（《经验秘方》）
红丸子，磨化宿食，止腹痛。（《得效》）（方见《积聚》中）
快膈消食丸，消食积。
缩砂仁 橘皮 京三棱 莪术 神曲 麦芽（各半两） 香附子（一两略炒）
上为末，面糊丸如麻子大，食后白汤下，随大小加减。（《直指·小儿附遗》）
内消散，治过食寒硬之物，食伤太阴，或呕吐痞满胀痛。
陈皮 半夏 茯苓 枳实 山楂肉 神曲 砂仁 香附 三棱 莪术 干生姜
上剂水煎温服。（《回春》）
香连平胃散，治食积发热，腹痛作泻。
平胃散，加姜汁炒川连二两，木香一两。（《医通》）
饮食停滞中脘，虽借药力为之消磨，然所以营运药力者，胃气也，故有屡经消食行气，而食不下者。余即于前
所用药内（按∶即红丸子等消导之剂），加人参三钱治之如神，学人不可不知。（《金匮翼》）
藿香正气散。
大腹皮 茯苓（去皮） 白芷 紫苏（去土各一两） 陈橘皮（去白） 苦梗 白术 浓朴（去粗皮姜汁制）
半夏曲 甘草（炙各一两） 藿香（去土三两）
上为细末，每服二钱，水一盏，姜钱三片，枣一枚，同煎至七分，热服。如要出汗，衣被盖，再煎并服。（《和
剂》）
香苏散，治宿食留饮，聚积中脘，噫臭腐气，心腹疼痛，或脏腑飧泄，每服四钱，生姜、葱白、乌梅煎。（《得效》）
（方见《伤寒》中）
涌吐方法 停于上脘，气壅痰盛者，宜吐。如伤冷食，腹胀气逆，噫气吞酸恶心，欲吐不吐，宜平胃散入
盐少许，探吐。如伤热物或酒面，发热心口刺痛，停痰停饮伏火，宜二陈汤加黄连、枳实，探吐。伤重填塞胸中，下部
无脉，体实年壮者，方敢瓜蒂散吐之。寻常饮食过饱在膈，以手探吐为好。（《入门》）
《集验方》治凡所食不消方。
取其余类，烧作末，酒服方寸匕，便吐去宿食即瘥。陆光录说∶有人食桃有不消作病，时已晚，无复桃，就
树间得 桃子，烧服之，登（按∶《千金》此有时字）吐出，病即瘥。（《短剧方》同之）（《医心》）（按∶ 桃子，即
桃奴。《千金方衍义》曰∶取余食烧末以治所伤，同气所感，灰能化滞也。纪昀《姑妄听之》曰∶里媪遇饭食凝
滞者，即以其物烧灰存性，调水服之。余初斥其妄，然亦往往验，审思其故，此皆油腻凝滞者也。盖油腻先凝，
稍过多则遇之必滞。凡药物入胃，必凑其同气，故某物之灰，能自到某物凝滞处。凡油腻得灰即解散，故灰到其
处，滞者自行，犹之以灰浣垢而已。又《正传》名溯源散，曰∶一人伤寒阳明病，用大承气汤而愈。十日后因食
鸭肉太多，致复热。虞教用鸭肉烧灰存性，生韭汁调下六七钱，下黑粪一碗许而安。据此此方不必吐药，盖亦有
内消而愈者。）
单用烧盐，熟水调饮，以指探吐，名烧盐探吐法。治伤食痛连胸膈，痞闷不通，手足逆冷，尺脉全无。（此即
中食之症，名曰食厥。）（《集解》）
若觉饮食过多，填塞胀满，头痛发热，噫败卵气，恶食欲呕，即宜用陈皮一斤，盐四两，煎浓汤而探吐之，吐
畅自舒。仍须忍耐戒饮食一、二日，渐进稀粥，以姜 之类啖之，使中气调和，则无遗患。若骤进饮食，或又不
戒浓味，则余滞留连，适足为患。（《易简方论》）
疏荡方法 治脾胃气不和，宿食不消，食已腹痛，呕哕恶心，胸膈痞闷，大便秘利不定，磨滞丸方。
木香 青橘皮（汤浸去白焙） 桂（去粗皮各一两） 吴茱萸（汤洗焙干炒三两） 砂（醋熬成霜研末一钱匕）
巴豆霜（炒半钱匕）
上六味，捣罗四味为末，与 砂巴豆霜拌匀，醋煮面糊和丸，如绿豆大，每服三丸，加至五丸，早晚食后临寝服。
大便溏利，即减丸数。（《圣济》）
卢氏感应丸，健脾进食，消化宿滞，酒食饱后宜服。（《得效》）（方见《积聚》中）
治食物过饱不消，遂成痞膈将死方。
马牙硝（一两碎之如无以朴硝代之） 吴茱萸（半斤陈者）
上煎茱萸取浓汁，投硝承热服之。久未转，更进一服立愈。唐窦群，尝话在常州时，食 不通，痞结闷甚，
诸药悉不转，腹坚气绝。医徐彦庄处得此方，服乃瘥。窦云∶微此殆绝。（《神巧》）（按∶此二味散用，治脚
气，见《千金月令》，宜参彼门。）
槟榔丸，治饮食不化，心腹膨闷。
槟榔（一钱半） 陈皮（去白一两） 木香（二钱半） 牵牛（头末半两）
上为细末，醋糊为丸，如桐子大，每服十五丸至二十丸，米饮下，生姜汤亦可。（《保命集》）
经验神芎丸，消酒食，明目，暖水脏，二十日目明为度。
大黄（二两） 附子（炮） 青皮 陈皮（各五钱） 牵牛头末（四两）
上为细末，硝糊丸，梧子大，每服四、五十丸，食后温水送下。（《经验秘方》）
枳实大黄汤，治胸腹有食积，大便不通者。
枳实 浓朴 大黄 甘草 槟榔 腹痛甚加木香
上剂水煎，空心温服，以利为度，不可再服。（《回春》）
石顽治幼科汪五符，夏月伤食，呕吐发热，颅胀，自利黄水，遍体肌肉扪之如刺，六脉模糊，指下寻之似有如
无，足胫不温。自认阴寒，而服五积散一服，其热愈炽，昏卧不省，第三日自利不止，而时常谵语，至夜尤甚。
乃舅叶阳生，以为伤暑而与香薷饮，遂头面汗出如蒸，喘促不宁，足冷下逆。歙医程郊倩以其证大热，而脉息模
糊，按之殊不可得，以为阳欲脱亡之候，欲猛进人参、附子。云间沈明生，以为阴证断无汗出如蒸之理，脉虽虚
而证大热，当用人参白虎。
争持未决，取证于石顽。诊其六脉，虽皆涩弱模糊，而心下按之大痛，舌上灰刺如芒，乃食填中宫，不能鼓运，
其脉往往多此，当与凉膈散下之。诸医正欲借此脱手，听余用药。一下而神思大清，脉息顿起。当知伤食之脉，
必须首先借助胃气作为推动药力运行的主导力量。如果胃气充实，使用攻下法就能祛除病邪，疾病通常容易痊愈，这是因为胃气强盛而药力容易发挥作用。如果胃气虚弱，即使使用攻下法也无法祛除病邪，这并不是因为药物不能去除疾病，而是因为胃气原本就虚弱，攻下会使其更加虚弱，导致药力更无法运行。如果长期攻下，不仅药物无法发挥作用，必然会导致元气进一步受损，病情必定加重，耗竭人体的生机，最终导致死亡。况且体质和身份贵贱尤其有所不同，凡是吃粗茶淡饭的强壮男子以及新近突发的疾病，自然适宜采用消食导滞、攻伐的方法，以迅速祛除病邪为最好；如果是体质虚弱且患病日久的人，如果不顾虚实情况，一概施用急于求成的攻治方法，那么没有不陷入危境的。（出自《景岳全书》）
治疗时要考察患者平素的禀赋和嗜好。平素喜欢冷食的人，体内必然多有热邪；平素喜欢热食的人，体内必然多有寒邪。所以体内有寒的人不喜欢寒冷，体内有热的人不喜欢温热。然而，喜热的人嗜食寒凉，多会生中焦虚寒；喜寒的人嗜食温热，多会生内热，这就是《内经》所说的“久而增气，物化之常也”。气偏盛时间久了，就是折寿的原因。所以凡是治病养生的人，又应当在平素禀赋中，考察其嗜好偏胜的弊端。（出自《景岳全书》）
治疗时要考察受伤的原因。饮食致病，凡是伤于热的，多为火证而停滞的情况较少；伤于寒的，多为停滞而完全不是火证。大抵饮食之伤，必定是因为寒性食物居多，温平和性的次之，热性的再次之。所以治疗这类疾病，不可不考察其受伤的原因。（出自《景岳全书》）
有的人因饮食过量而受伤，必须先询问其人，是因为喜欢吃而多吃了呢？还是因为饥饿而急食呢？或者是被人勉强劝酒劝食而强行进食呢？或者是因病后应当禁忌的食物而误食了呢？如果是因喜欢吃而得病，应当先补益胃气，胃气素来强盛，减少饮食即可自愈，不必服用消耗元气的消导药。如果是因饥饿而得病，应当先补益胃气，胃气恢复，所伤的食物自然能消化导滞。如果是因被人勉强劝食而得病，适宜使用行气消导的药剂。如果是因病后得病，应当以保养为主。（出自《保元编》）
谷劳候：脾胃虚弱，不能传输消化谷物食物，使得脏腑气机痞塞，其症状表现为让人吃完饭后就想睡觉，肢体烦扰沉重而嗜睡。
（出自《诸病源候论》）
胃受纳水谷，其气虚弱，不能转化，就会让人怠惰嗜卧，肢体烦重，腹部胀满且容易饥饿但不能进食，吃完饭后就发作，这是谷气运行不畅所致，所以称之为谷气。（出自《圣济总录》）
食厥：饮食过度损伤，变为异常急暴的病证，人们大多不认识。曾经有一个壮年人，忽然得了急病，像中风一样，口不能说话，眼睛看不清人，四肢不能抬起，急忙投用苏合香丸无效。我偶然路过听到，于是询问病因。他说：刚才陪客人吃完饭，忽然得了这个病。于是教他煎生姜淡盐汤，多喝并探喉催吐，吐出几碗饮食，立刻病愈。又有一个妇人，先因饮食损伤了胃，晚上吃饭早早就寝，因为有事起来，少穿了一些衣服，觉得虚冷，一会儿忽然得了厥逆，昏迷不省人事。我说：这一定有食积。令其煎姜盐汤催吐，吐出晚饭，于是苏醒，后来服用白术陈皮半夏麦芽汤，调理而愈。大抵这类病证，多因饮食醉饱之后，或者感受风寒，或者生气恼怒而得，饮食填塞胸中，胃气不行，内伤特别严重（按：《医宗统旨》作以致填塞胸中，胃气有所不行，阴阳痞膈，升降不通，这是内伤最严重的情况）。如果误当作中风、中气证，而使用驱风解表行气散气的药物，那么胃气重伤，死在旦夕之间。曾见有人突然暴病，多按中风、中气用药，片刻间无法挽救，不知道原因。《内经》虽然有暴病暴死的记载，但恐怕有很多是因为饮食引起的，前辈没有明确说明，所以人们不认识罢了。今后遇到这种急证，必须要审问明白，如果是刚饮食醉饱，或者多次饮食损伤，重复受伤，只要觉得胸膈有食滞，只按食积治疗即可。（出自《杂著》）
中食，忽然厥逆昏迷，口不能说话，肢不能抬起，症状像中风（《医学入门》曰：这叫食厥）。先煎姜盐汤，探喉催吐其食（《医碥》曰：挟痰的用瓜蒂散主治）。仍然视其风寒仍在的，用藿香正气散解除。气滞不行的，用八味顺气散调治。吐后没有其他病症，只用平胃散加白术、茯苓、半夏、神曲之类调理。（出自《医宗统旨》）
半身不遂：有因饮食不节所伤，以致半身不遂，症状像中风，不可以按中风治疗。大概人的饮食，咽下后进入肝，由肝进入脾，由脾进入胃。因饮食所伤，肝气不调理，所以痰涎壅塞，像中风一样。也有半身不遂的，肝主筋。用治风药治疗就错了，适宜使用消食的药剂，其中的木瓜散（类方缺失），却不可妄用泻下法。食用毒物或非时之物，多患此病，不伤脾不伤胃而伤肝，病不在下部，所以不可妄用泻下。（出自《要诀》）（按：先教谕曰：《经脉别论》说食气入胃，散精于肝，淫气于筋。复庵的论述，难道源于此吗？《续医说》、《证治准绳》都有说法，宜一并考证。）
怒气侵脾证治：怒气伤肝，则肝木之气，必然侵犯脾土而胃气受伤，导致妨碍饮食。这虽然是由于肝气之逆，但是肝气无不逐渐消散，而脾气的损伤，则会受到困厄，这就是之所以不必重在治肝，而应当重在治脾的原因。所以凡是遇到此证，只应当考察其是否有气逆阻滞，如果没有胁痛胀满等证，就不必疏理气机，单宜以养脾益气为主，如五味异功散、归脾汤之类的。或者在补养药中，少量加入乌药、青皮、白豆蔻来辅助也可以。（出自《景岳全书》）
食时遭惊证：黄师文治疗一个妇人，卧病三年，症状像劳瘵。众医生按虚损治疗，无效。黄诊断后说：这是因为吃东西的时候，或者遭到惊吓。询问后，妇人方才醒悟说：从前吃米团时，忽然有人报告她丈夫落水，由此惊吓成病，延续至今未愈。黄师文用青木香丸，兼以利药一帖给她。一会儿排下一块东西，乃是痰裹着一个米团而已，当时被惊吓闷闷不乐在心里而不自觉，此后便无病无恙。（出自《易简方论》）
挟疝死证：石顽诊察叶新宇，停食感冒，而两寸关脉皆涩数模糊，两尺脉皆沉弦而按之更坚硬。虽然其人尚能行走，而脉象缺少冲和之气，这必定是向来有陈旧的寒气在少腹。询问后，果然患有寒疝数年。于是婉言推辞不便用药，当天夜里即腹部暴满而去世。门人问：叶子偶然抱小病，怎么知道必死而推辞呢？回答说：凡人胃满则肠虚，肠满则胃虚，更实更虚，其气乃居。现在胸中有瘕而腹有积，上下俱困，能保全它们不互相交攻为患吗？应当知道厥疝入腹、香港脚冲心等疾病，都是阴邪搏结，郁积既久，则挟阴火之势而上升。如果胸中阳气有权势，则阴邪仍归阴位而止。现在胸中先被宿食填塞，腹中陈旧寒气，不逆则已，逆则上下俱满，正气无容身之地，往往有暴绝的危险。所以不便用药，实在是不知道其即刻会死。所以凡是诊察六部中病脉有不相应的地方，就应当考察其有无宿疾，不可轻忽以招致诽谤。（出自《医学入门》）
治疗各种疾病应当审查饮食伤积：凡是治疗各种疾病，时常审查有无饮食伤积，只要见到胸膈饱闷，或者嗳气吞酸，腹痛肠泄，恶食少食，便问曾经吃了什么饮食。审知伤积，就先调脾胃，消导饮食，然后用本病的药，或者在本病药内，加入消导饮食药。如果不知审查这个，那么药虽对病而无效。大概人以脾胃为主，胃气自伤，则不能运化药味以成功也。也有食后即药，或药后即睡，或服药太多的，叫做伤药，必须要认识这一点。（出自《杂著》）
非食疑食之谬：偶尔生病的人，多有不是饮食伤而怀疑是饮食伤的，说某日曾吃某物或某肉某面，当日即病。医生不论虚实，只要听到这话，且见胃口不开，必先治食。没病的人，谁有不吃的，岂必预先停食而等待病至者，这可以相信其无食吗。等到生病时，则或因劳累疲倦，或因风寒，或因七情，病发不测，而且无胀无滞，与饮食有什么关系。药不对病而妄行剥削，必然反而增加病情，这是医道中的荒谬之事。由此推之，则凡无据无证而妄指胡猜的，都是这一类，实在令人感慨。（出自《景岳全书》）
消导方法（附疏气方）《肘后备急方》疗饱食讫便卧，得病令人四肢烦重，默默欲卧方。
大麦 （一升炒） 干姜（二两）
上二味捣为末，服方寸匕，日三次良。（出自《外台秘要》）
治酒面食积停滞，胸膈胁肋作痛，诸药不效者。
糖球子（一两） 陈橘皮 紫苏茎叶 甘草（各一钱）
上作二服，水二大盏，生姜七片，煎至一盏，去滓稍热服，不拘时候，滓再煎，以大便利为效。（出自《经验秘方》）
红丸子，磨化宿食，止腹痛。（出自《瑞竹堂经验方》）（方见《积聚》中）
快膈消食丸，消食积。
缩砂仁 橘皮 京三棱 莪术 神曲 麦芽（各半两） 香附子（一两略炒）
上为末，面糊丸如麻子大，食后白汤下，随大小加减。（出自《直指方·小儿附遗》）
内消散，治过食寒硬之物，食伤太阴，或呕吐痞满胀痛。
陈皮 半夏 茯苓 枳实 山楂肉 神曲 砂仁 香附 三棱 莪术 干生姜
上剂水煎温服。（出自《回春》）
香连平胃散，治食积发热，腹痛作泻。
平胃散，加姜汁炒川连二两，木香一两。（出自《医学入门》）
饮食停滞中脘，虽借药力为之消磨，然所以营运药力者，胃气也，故有屡经消食行气，而食不下者。余即于前所用药内（按：即红丸子等消导之剂），加人参三钱治之如神，学人不可不知。（出自《金匮翼》）
藿香正气散。
大腹皮 茯苓（去皮） 白芷 紫苏（去土各一两） 陈橘皮（去白） 苦梗 白术 浓朴（去粗皮姜汁制）
半夏曲 甘草（炙各一两） 藿香（去土三两）
上为细末，每服二钱，水一盏，姜钱三片，枣一枚，同煎至七分，热服。如要出汗，衣被盖，再煎并服。（出自《太平惠民和剂局方》）
香苏散，治宿食留饮，聚积中脘，噫臭腐气，心腹疼痛，或脏腑飧泄，每服四钱，生姜、葱白、乌梅煎。（出自《瑞竹堂经验方》）
（方见《伤寒》中）
涌吐方法 停于上脘，气壅痰盛者，宜吐。如伤冷食，腹胀气逆，噫气吞酸恶心，欲吐不吐，宜平胃散入盐少许，探吐。如伤热物或酒面，发热心口刺痛，停痰停饮伏火，宜二陈汤加黄连、枳实，探吐。伤重填塞胸中，下部无脉，体实年壮者，方敢瓜蒂散吐之。寻常饮食过饱在膈，以手探吐为好。（出自《医学入门》）
《集验方》治凡所食不消方。
取其余类，烧作末，酒服方寸匕，便吐去宿食即瘥。陆光录说：有人食桃有不消作病，时已晚，无复桃，就树间得桃子，烧服之，登时吐出，病即瘥。（《短剧方》同之）（出自《医心方》）（按：桃子，即桃奴。《千金方衍义》曰：取余食烧末以治所伤，同气所感，灰能化滞也。纪昀《姑妄听之》曰：里媪遇饭食凝滞者，即以其物烧灰存性，调水服之。余初斥其妄，然亦往往验，审思其故，此皆油腻凝滞者也。盖油腻先凝，稍过多则遇之必滞。凡药物入胃，必凑其同气，故某物之灰，能自到某物凝滞处。凡油腻得灰即解散，故灰到其处，滞者自行，犹之以灰浣垢而已。又《正传》名溯源散，曰：一人伤寒阳明病，用大承气汤而愈。十日后因食鸭肉太多，致复热。虞教用鸭肉烧灰存性，生韭汁调下六七钱，下黑粪一碗许而安。据此此方不必吐药，盖亦有内消而愈者。）
单用烧盐，熟水调饮，以指探吐，名烧盐探吐法。治伤食痛连胸膈，痞闷不通，手足逆冷，尺脉全无。（此即中食之症，名曰食厥。）（出自《医宗金鉴》）
若觉饮食过多，填塞胀满，头痛发热，噫败卵气，恶食欲呕，即宜用陈皮一斤，盐四两，煎浓汤而探吐之，吐畅自舒。仍须忍耐戒饮食一、二日，渐进稀粥，以姜之类啖之，使中气调和，则无遗患。若骤进饮食，或又不戒浓味，则余滞留连，适足为患。（出自《易简方论》）
疏荡方法 治脾胃气不和，宿食不消，食已腹痛，呕哕恶心，胸膈痞闷，大便秘利不定，磨滞丸方。
木香 青橘皮（汤浸去白焙） 桂（去粗皮各一两） 吴茱萸（汤洗焙干炒三两） 砂（醋熬成霜研末一钱匕）
巴豆霜（炒半钱匕）
上六味，捣罗四味为末，与砂巴豆霜拌匀，醋煮面糊和丸，如绿豆大，每服三丸，加至五丸，早晚食后临寝服。大便溏利，即减丸数。（出自《圣济总录》）
卢氏感应丸，健脾进食，消化宿滞，酒食饱后宜服。（出自《瑞竹堂经验方》）（方见《积聚》中）
治食物过饱不消，遂成痞膈将死方。
马牙硝（一两碎之如无以朴硝代之） 吴茱萸（半斤陈者）
上煎茱萸取浓汁，投硝承热服之。久未转，更进一服立愈。唐窦群，尝话在常州时，食不通，痞结闷甚，诸药悉不转，腹坚气绝。医徐彦庄处得此方，服乃瘥。窦云：微此殆绝。（出自《神巧万全方》）（按：此二味散用，治脚气，见《千金月令》，宜参彼门。）
槟榔丸，治饮食不化，心腹膨闷。
槟榔（一钱半） 陈皮（去白一两） 木香（二钱半） 牵牛（头末半两）
上为细末，醋糊为丸，如桐子大，每服十五丸至二十丸，米饮下，生姜汤亦可。（出自《保命集》）
经验神芎丸，消酒食，明目，暖水脏，二十日目明为度。
大黄（二两） 附子（炮） 青皮 陈皮（各五钱） 牵牛头末（四两）
上为细末，硝糊丸，梧子大，每服四、五十丸，食后温水送下。（出自《经验秘方》）
枳实大黄汤，治胸腹有食积，大便不通者。
枳实 浓朴 大黄 甘草 槟榔 腹痛甚加木香
上剂水煎，空心温服，以利为度，不可再服。（出自《回春》）
石顽治疗幼科汪五符，夏月伤食，呕吐发热，颅胀，自利黄水，遍体肌肉扪之如刺，六脉模糊，指下寻之似如有无，足胫不温。自认阴寒，而服五积散一服，其热愈炽，昏卧不省，第三日自利不止，而时常谵语，至夜尤甚。乃舅叶阳生，以为伤暑而与香薷饮，遂头面汗出如蒸，喘促不宁，足冷下逆。歙医程郊倩以其证大热，而脉息模糊，按之殊不可得，以为阳欲脱亡之候，欲猛进人参、附子。云间沈明生，以为阴证断无汗出如蒸之理，脉虽虚而证大热，当用人参白虎。
争持未决，取证于石顽。诊其六脉，虽皆涩弱模糊，而心下按之大痛，舌上灰刺如芒，乃食填中宫，不能鼓运，其脉往往多此，当与凉膈散下之。诸医正欲借此脱手，听余用药。一下而神思大清，脉息顿起。当知伤食之脉，
The stomach qi must first be utilized as the primary force to drive the action of medicines. If the stomach qi is substantial, attacking it will expel the pathogen, and the disease will often heal easily; this is because strong stomach qi facilitates the easy movement of medicinal power. If the stomach qi is deficient, attacking it will not expel the pathogen; this is not because the medicine cannot remove the disease, but because the stomach is originally weak, and attacking it will further weaken it, making the medicinal power even less able to move. If attacked for a long time, not only will the medicine fail to act, but it will inevitably cause further damage to the Yuan Qi (Original Qi), the condition will surely worsen, exhausting the body's vital functions, leading to death. Moreover, constitutions vary greatly in terms of robustness and social status. For sturdy men who eat coarse food and for newly acute diseases, it is naturally appropriate to use methods that dissolve stagnation and attack pathogens, with rapid expulsion being the best approach. However, for those with weak constitutions and chronic illnesses, if one disregards the patterns of deficiency and excess and indiscriminately applies methods aimed at quick resolution through attack, danger is inevitable. (From *Jingyue Quanshu*)
In treatment, one must examine the patient's innate constitution and preferences. Those who habitually prefer cold food likely have internal heat; those who habitually prefer hot food likely have internal cold. Therefore, those with internal cold dislike cold, and those with internal heat dislike heat. However, those who like heat and crave cold foods often develop middle-jiao cold; those who like cold and crave hot foods often develop internal heat. This is what the *Neijing* refers to as "long-term accumulation increases qi, which is the normal transformation of substances." When qi becomes excessive for a long time, it becomes the cause of premature death. Thus, anyone treating diseases or preserving health should examine their innate constitution to identify the drawbacks of biased preferences. (From *Jingyue Quanshu*)
In treatment, one must investigate the cause of injury. Diseases caused by diet: injuries due to heat are mostly fire syndromes with little stagnation; injuries due to cold are mostly stagnation without any fire syndrome. Generally, dietary injuries are mostly caused by cold-natured foods, followed by neutral/warm foods, and then hot-natured foods. Therefore, in treating these, one must not fail to investigate the specific cause. (From *Jingyue Quanshu*)
For those injured by overeating, one must first ask about the circumstances: Was it due to enjoying the food and eating too much? Or due to hunger and eating hastily? Or due to being forced to eat by others' persuasion? Or due to mistakenly eating forbidden foods after an illness? If caused by enjoyment, one should first tonify the Stomach Qi. If the Stomach Qi is inherently strong, reducing food intake will lead to self-healing; there is no need to take digestive herbs that consume Qi. If caused by hunger, one should first tonify the Stomach Qi; once the Stomach Qi recovers, the ingested food will naturally digest. If caused by forced eating, formulas that promote digestion and move Qi should be used. If caused by post-illness indiscretion, care and nourishment should be the priority. (From *Baoyuan Bian*)
**Gu Lao (Grain Labor) Syndrome:** Spleen and Stomach deficiency and weakness prevent the transportation and digestion of grain and food, causing Qi blockage in the Fu organs. The manifestation is feeling sleepy immediately after eating, with limbs feeling restless and heavy, and drowsiness. (From *Zhubing Yuanhou Lun*)
When the Stomach receives water and grain, if its Qi is weak and unable to transform it, it causes lethargy and desire to lie down, heaviness and restlessness in the limbs, abdominal fullness, frequent hunger but inability to eat, and symptoms appearing after eating. This is due to the failure of Grain Qi to circulate, hence it is called Gu Qi. (From *Shengji Zonglu*)
**Shi Jue (Food Syncope):** Overconsumption of food transforms into an abnormal, sudden, and violent syndrome, which most people do not recognize. Once, a young man suddenly fell ill with a severe condition resembling Zhong Feng (Wind Stroke): he could not speak, did not recognize people, and his limbs were paralyzed. Suhe Xiang Wan (Styrax Pill) was administered urgently but was ineffective. I happened to pass by and heard of this, so I inquired about the cause. He said he had just finished dining with guests when the illness struck. I instructed him to decoct ginger and light salt water, drink plenty, and induce vomiting. After vomiting several bowls of food, he recovered instantly. Another woman had previously damaged her Stomach through dietary injury. One night, she ate dinner early, went to bed, then got up for some matter, dressed lightly, felt cold and weak, and shortly thereafter suffered from syncope and unconsciousness. I said, "There must be food stagnation here." She was instructed to take ginger-salt water to induce vomiting. After vomiting the dinner, she woke up. Later, she took Baizhu Chenpi Banxia Maiya Tang (Atractylodes Macrocephala, Tangerine Peel, Pinellia, and Malt Decoction) and recovered after regulation. Generally, such syndromes often occur after binge drinking and eating, or after contracting Wind-Cold, or due to anger and frustration. Food fills and blocks the chest, Stomach Qi fails to move, causing severe internal injury (Note: *Yizong Tongzhi* states this fills the chest, Stomach Qi fails to move, Yin and Yang become blocked, ascending and descending mechanisms are obstructed, representing a severe internal injury). If mistaken for Zhong Feng (Wind Stroke) or Zhong Qi (Qi Strike) and treated with wind-dispelling, exterior-releasing, or Qi-moving/dispersing drugs, the Stomach Qi will be severely damaged, leading to death within days. I have seen cases of sudden severe illness where doctors treated them as Wind Stroke or Qi Strike, resulting in death within moments without understanding the cause. Although the *Neijing* records sudden death, many cases are likely due to food. Predecessors did not explicitly state this, so people do not recognize it. Henceforth, when encountering such acute syndromes, one must inquire thoroughly. If the patient has recently binged on food or repeatedly injured themselves through diet, and feels food stagnation in the chest and diaphragm, treat it solely as a food disorder. (From *Zazhu*)
**Zhong Shi (Mid-food Injury/Syncope):** Sudden syncope and coma, inability to speak, paralysis of limbs, resembling Zhong Feng (*Yitong* calls this Shi Jue). First, decoct ginger-salt water to induce vomiting to expel the food (*Yibei* states: if accompanied by Phlegm, use Gualisan/Cucurbita Seed Powder). If Wind-Cold persists, resolve it with Huoxiang Zhengqi San (Patchouli and Magnolia Bark Powder). If Qi stagnation prevents movement, regulate it with Bawei Shunqi San (Eight-Ingredient Qi-Smooth Powder). If no other symptoms remain after vomiting, regulate with Pingwei San (Calm the Stomach Powder) added with Baizhu (Atractylodes Macrocephala), Fuling (Poria), Banxia (Pinellia), and Shenqu (Medicated Leaven). (From *Yizong Tongzhi*)
**Hemiplegia:** Caused by irregular diet, leading to hemiplegia resembling Zhong Feng; it should not be treated as Wind Stroke. Generally, food enters the Liver upon swallowing, moves to the Spleen, and then to the Stomach. Dietary injury disrupts Liver Qi, causing Phlegm and Saliva to congest, resembling Zhong Feng. There are also cases of hemiplegia, as the Liver governs the sinews. Treating with Wind-dispersing herbs would be a mistake; instead, use digestive formulas such as Mugua San (Papaya Powder - formula missing in similar texts). Do not recklessly use purgatives. Ingesting toxic or out-of-season foods often causes this; it injures the Liver rather than the Spleen or Stomach, and the pathology is not in the lower jiao, so purgatives should not be used recklessly. (From *Yaojue*) (Note: Former Instructor said: *Jingmai Bielun* states that Grain Qi entering the Stomach scatters essence to the Liver and floods the sinews. Is Fupan's argument derived from this? *Xu Yishuo* and *Zhengzhi Zhunsheng* both discuss this; they should be examined together.)
**Treatment of Anger Invading the Spleen:** Anger injures the Liver, causing Liver Wood Qi to invade Spleen Earth and damage Stomach Qi, thereby hindering digestion. Although this stems from rebellious Liver Qi, Liver Qi eventually dissipates, whereas Spleen Qi injury leads to entrapment. Therefore, treatment should not focus heavily on the Liver but primarily on the Spleen. Thus, when encountering this syndrome, one should check for Qi rebellion and stagnation. If there are no symptoms such as hypochondriac pain or distension, Qi-moving is unnecessary; instead, focus on nourishing the Spleen and boosting Qi, using formulas like Wuwei Yigong San (Five-Ingredient Extraordinary Merit Powder) or Guipi Tang (Restore the Spleen Decoction). Alternatively, adding small amounts of Wuyao (Lindera Root), Qingpi (Green Tangerine Peel), or Baidoukou (White Cardamom) to tonic formulas is acceptable. (From *Jingyue Quanshu*)
**Syndrome of Startle During Eating:** Huang Shiwen treated a woman who had been bedridden for three years, resembling Lao Zhai (Consumptive Disease). Physicians treated her as Deficiency and Exhaustion without effect. Huang diagnosed, "This is due to being startled while eating." Upon inquiry, the woman realized, "Formerly, while eating rice dumplings, someone suddenly reported my husband had fallen into water. Since then, I have been ill with fright and have not recovered." Huang prescribed Qingmuxiang Wan (Blue Musk Pill) along with a dose of a draining herb. Soon after, she passed a lump, which was Phlegm wrapping a rice dumpling. She had been unconsciously distressed by the startle. She recovered completely afterwards. (From *Yijian Fanglun*)
**Death Syndrome Accompanied by Hernia:** Shiwan examined Ye Xinyu, who had food retention and a common cold. Both Cun (inch) and Guan (bar) pulses were choppy, rapid, and blurred; Chi (cubit) pulses were deep, wiry, and harder upon pressure. Although he could walk, the pulse lacked harmony. This indicated old Cold Qi in the lower abdomen. Inquiry confirmed he had suffered from Cold Hernia for years. Shiwan politely declined to prescribe medication. That night, his abdomen became violently distended, and he died. A student asked, "Master Ye had only a minor ailment; how did you know he would die and decline treatment?" I replied, "When the Stomach is full, the Intestines are empty; when Intestines are full, the Stomach is empty. They alternate between fullness and emptiness, allowing Qi to reside. Now, there is a mass in the chest and accumulation in the abdomen; both upper and lower are trapped. Can we ensure they do not attack each other? One must know that Jué Hernia entering the abdomen and Hong Kong Foot (Gout/Ankylosis) rushing to the heart are all caused by Yin Pathogens knotting together. After long郁积 (accumulation), they rise with the momentum of Yin Fire. If Yang Qi in the chest is powerful, Yin Pathogens return to their Yin positions and stop. Now, the chest is first filled with retained food, and the abdomen contains old Cold Qi. If it does not rebel, fine; if it rebels, both upper and lower are full, leaving no room for Righteous Qi. There is often a risk of sudden collapse. Thus, I refrained from prescribing, not knowing he would die immediately. Therefore, whenever examining the six positions and finding pathological pulses that do not correspond, one must investigate whether there are chronic diseases. Do not neglect this to invite slander." (From *Yixuetong*)
**Treating Various Diseases Requires Examining Dietary Stagnation:** Whenever treating various diseases, one must frequently examine for dietary stagnation. If chest/diaphragm fullness, belching with acid regurgitation, abdominal pain with diarrhea, aversion to food, or reduced appetite are seen, ask what was eaten. If dietary stagnation is confirmed, first regulate the Spleen and Stomach and digest the food, then use medicine for the primary disease, or add digestive herbs to the primary disease formula. If this is not examined, the medicine may match the disease but fail to work. Humans rely on the Spleen and Stomach as the foundation; if Stomach Qi is self-injured, it cannot transport and transform medicinal flavors to achieve success. Also, taking medicine immediately after eating, sleeping immediately after taking medicine, or taking too much medicine is called "injuring with medicine"; this must be recognized. (From *Zazhu*)
**The Fallacy of Suspecting Food When It Is Not Food:** Occasionally ill people often suspect food when it is not food, saying, "I ate X or meat/noodles on day Y, and got sick that day." Physicians, regardless of deficiency or excess, hearing this and seeing poor appetite, will first treat for food. But healthy people always eat; why would they retain food beforehand waiting for illness? We can believe there is no food. When sick, it may be due to fatigue, Wind-Cold, or Seven Emotions. The onset is unpredictable, with no distension or stagnation; what does this have to do with food? Using medicine that does not match the disease and recklessly depleting the body will only worsen the condition. This is absurd in our profession. By extension, anyone guessing wildly without evidence belongs to this category; it is truly lamentable. (From *Jingyue Quanshu*)
**Methods of Digestion and Elimination (Including Qi-Regulating Formulas)**
*Zhouhou* treats lying down immediately after a full meal, causing restlessness and heaviness in the four limbs and desire to lie still.
Barley (one sheng, roasted) Dried Ginger (two liang)
Pound these two ingredients into powder. Take one fangcun bi (measure) three times daily. Good results. (From *Waitai Miyao*)
Treats stagnation of wine and flour food, pain in chest/diaphragm/hypochondrium/ribs, unresponsive to other medicines.
Tangqiu Zi (Sugar Ball Seeds) (one liang) Aged Tangerine Peel Perilla Stem and Leaf Licorice (each one qian)
Divide into two doses. With two large cups of water and seven slices of ginger, decoct to one cup. Strain and take slightly warm. Anytime. Decoct the dregs again. Effect is achieved when bowels move freely. (From *Jingyan Mifang*)
Hong Wanzi (Red Pills), grinds away retained food, stops abdominal pain. (From *Derxiao*) (Formula seen in *Jiju*)
Kuaige Xiaoshi Wan (Quick-Diaphragm Digestive Pill), digests food accumulation.
Amomum Fruit Tangerine Peel Curcuma Longa Curcuma Phaeocaulis Medicated Leaven Malt (each half liang) Cyperus Rhizome (one liang, lightly roasted)
Pound into powder, make pills with wheat paste the size of hemp seeds. Take with plain warm water after meals. Adjust dosage based on age/size. (From *Zhizhi Fang · Xiao'er Fuyi*)
Neixiaosan (Internal Dissolving Powder), treats overeating cold/hard foods, injuring Taiyin, or vomiting, bloating, fullness, pain.
Tangerine Peel Pinellia Poria Immature Bitter Orange Hawthorn Rind Medicated Leaven Amomum Fruit Cyperus Rhizome Curcuma Longa Curcuma Phaeocaulis Dried Ginger
Decoct with water and take warm. (From *Huichun*)
Xianglian Pingwei San, treats food accumulation fever, abdominal pain with diarrhea.
Pingwei San, add Ginger-Juiced Stir-fried Chuanlian (Coptis Chinensis) two liang, Aucklandia one liang. (From *Yixuetong*)
Food stagnation in Zhongwan (Conception Vessel 12). Although medicinal power helps grind it down, the Stomach Qi is what drives the medicinal power. Therefore, there are cases where repeated digestion and Qi-moving fail to clear the food. I simply added three qian of Ginseng to the previous digestive formulas (e.g., Hong Wanzi). The effect was miraculous. Students must know this. (From *Jinkui Yi*)
Huoxiang Zhengqi San (Patchouli and Magnolia Bark Powder).
Areca Peel Poria (peeled) Bai Zhi (Angelica Dahurica) Perilla (cleaned, each one liang) Aged Tangerine Peel (white removed) Platycodon Atractylodes Macrocephala Magnolia Bark (bark removed, processed with ginger juice) Pinellia Ferment Licorice (roasted, each one liang) Patchouli (cleaned, three liang)
Pound into fine powder. Take two qian per dose. With one cup of water, three slices of ginger, and one jujube, decoct to 70%. Take hot. To induce sweating, cover with clothes/blankets, decoct again and take together. (From *Heji Jufang*)
Xiangsu San, treats retained food and fluid, accumulation in Zhongwan, foul belching, heart/abdominal pain, or diarrhea with undigested food. Take four qian per dose, decoct with ginger, scallion white, and smoked plum. (From *Derxiao*) (Formula seen in *Shanghan*)
**Inducing Vomiting Methods:** If stagnation is in the Upper Jiao with Qi congestion and abundant Phlegm, vomiting is suitable. For cold food injury with abdominal distension, rebellious Qi, belching, acid regurgitation, nausea, and urge to vomit but unable to, use Pingwei San with a little salt to induce vomiting. For hot food or wine/flour injury with fever, stabbing pain in the heart area, retained Phlegm/fluid, and hidden Fire, use Erchen Tang added with Coptis and Immature Bitter Orange to induce vomiting. For severe injury filling the chest, absent lower pulses, in robust and young individuals, only then dare one use Gualisan (Cucurbita Seed Powder) to induce vomiting. For ordinary overeating in the diaphragm, inducing vomiting by hand is better. (From *Yixuetong*)
*Jiyan Fang* treats any undigested food.
Take remaining similar items, burn to ash/powder, take with wine (fangcun bi). Vomiting expelled retained food leads to recovery. Lu Guanglu said: Someone ate peaches and got sick from indigestion. It was late, no more peaches available. He found peach twigs/nuts under the tree, burned and took them. He vomited immediately, and the illness resolved. (*Duanju Fang* agrees). (From *Yixin Fang*) (Note: Peach twigs/nuts refer to Taonuo. *Qianjin Fang Yanyi* says: Burning remaining food to powder to treat injury works via "same Qi resonance"; ash can dissolve stagnation. Ji Yun's *Guwang Tingzhi* says: Village women, when facing food stagnation, burn the specific food to ash, preserve nature, mix with water, and take. I initially dismissed this as absurd, but it often works. Thinking carefully, this applies to oily/greasy stagnation. Grease congeals first; slight excess causes blockage. When medicine enters the Stomach, it seeks same Qi. Thus, ash of a specific substance goes to the stagnation of that substance. Ash dissolves grease; thus, when ash arrives, stagnation resolves itself, like using ash to wash stains. Also, *Zhengzhuan* names this Suyuan San: A person with Shaoyang-Yangming disease recovered with Dachengqi Tang. Ten days later, eating too much duck meat caused recurrence of fever. Yu Jiao used duck meat ash preserved in nature, mixed with raw leek juice, taken 6-7 qian. Passed a bowl of black stool and rested. Based on this, this formula does not require emetics; there are cases of internal resolution and recovery.)
Simply burning salt, mixing with cooked water, drinking, and inducing vomiting with fingers is called "Burning Salt Induced Vomiting Method." Treats food injury pain radiating to chest/diaphragm, blockage and stuffiness, cold extremities, absent Chi pulse. (This is Zhong Shi syndrome, named Shi Jue.) (From *Jijie*)
If one feels overeating, filling and distension, headache, fever, belching of rotten egg smell, aversion to food, and urge to vomit, use one jin of Tangerine Peel and four liang of salt, decoct into thick soup and induce vomiting. Smooth vomiting brings relief. Must endure fasting for 1-2 days, gradually advance to thin porridge, eat ginger etc., to harmonize Middle Qi, leaving no residual issues. If food is rushed in, or rich flavors are not avoided, residual stagnation remains, sufficient to cause harm. (From *Yijian Fanglun*)
**Methods of Purging and Draining**
Treats Spleen/Stomach Qi disharmony, retained food indigestion, abdominal pain after eating, retching/nausea, chest/diaphragm stuffiness, constipation or diarrhea alternating. Mozhi Wan Formula.
Aucklandia Green Tangerine Peel (soaked in water, white removed, roasted) Cinnamon (bark removed, each one liang) Evodia (washed in water, roasted dry, stir-fried three liang) Alumen (vinegar-roasted to frost, ground to powder, one qian bi) Croton Seed Frost (roasted, half qian bi)
Pound the first four ingredients into powder. Mix evenly with Alumen frost and Croton frost. Boil in vinegar and wheat paste to make pills the size of mung beans. Take three pills per dose, increase to five. Take morning and evening after meals before sleep. If stools are loose, reduce pill count. (From *Shengji Zonglu*)
Lu Shi Yinggan Wan, strengthens Spleen, promotes appetite, digests retained food. Suitable after heavy wine/meals. (From *Derxiao*) (Formula seen in *Jiju*)
Treats food overeating indigestion, leading to chest/abdominal blockage nearing death.
Marble Niter (one liang, crushed; substitute with Glauber's Salt if unavailable) Evodia (half jin, aged)
Decoct Evodia to obtain thick juice. Add Niter and take while hot. If no bowel movement after a long time, take another dose; immediate cure. Tang Dynasty's Dou Qun recounted being in Changzhou, suffering from food blockage, severe stifling sensation, all medicines failed to move bowels, abdomen hard, Qi exhausted. Physician Xu Yanzhuang provided this formula. Taking it cured him. Dou said: Without this, I would have nearly died. (From *Shenqiao*) (Note: These two ingredients powdered are used for treating Leg Qi [Gout], seen in *Qianjin Yueling*; consult that section.)
Binglang Wan (Areca Nut Pill), treats undigested food, heart/abdominal distension and stuffiness.
Areca Nut (one and a half qian) Tangerine Peel (white removed, one liang) Aucklandia (two and a half qian) Pharbitis Seed (head powder, half liang)
Pound into fine powder. Make pills with vinegar paste the size of sesame seeds. Take 15-20 pills per dose with rice water or ginger soup. (From *Baoming Ji*)
Jingyan Shenxiong Wan, digests wine/food, brightens eyes, warms Water Organ (Kidney). Goal: bright eyes within 20 days.
Rhubarb (two liang) Prepared Aconite Green Tangerine Peel Tangerine Peel (each five qian) Pharbitis Seed Head Powder (four liang)
Pound into powder. Make pills with Niter paste the size of walnut seeds. Take 40-50 pills per dose after meals with warm water. (From *Jingyan Mifang*)
Zhishi Dahuang Tang (Immature Bitter Orange and Rhubarb Decoction), treats food accumulation in chest/abdomen with constipation.
Immature Bitter Orange Magnolia Bark Rhubarb Licorice Areca Nut Add Aucklandia if abdominal pain is severe
Decoct with water. Take warm on an empty stomach. Stop when bowels move. Do not take again. (From *Huichun*)
Shiwan treated pediatrician Wang Wufu. Summer food injury, vomiting, fever, head distension, spontaneous diarrhea of yellow water, muscles throughout body felt prickly to touch, six pulses blurred, faint upon palpation, calves cold. Self-diagnosed as Yin-Cold, took Wujisan (Five Accumulations Powder) once. Heat intensified, became comatose. On the third day, diarrhea continued incessantly, frequent delirium, worse at night. Maternal uncle Ye Yangsheng thought it was Summerheat and gave Xiangru Yin. Sweat poured from head/face like steaming, panting unrest, cold feet, rebellious Qi downward. Physician Cheng Jiaoqian from She County saw severe heat but blurred pulses, difficult to feel, suspected Yang Collapse/Departure, wanted to aggressively administer Ginseng and Aconite. Shen Mingsheng from Yunjian argued Yin syndromes do not sweat like steam; although pulse is deficient, syndrome is severe heat, should use Renshen Baihu Tang (Ginseng and White Tiger Decoction).
Debate unresolved, sought confirmation from Shiwan. Palpated six pulses: all choppy, weak, blurred. But pressing below the heart caused severe pain. Tongue had gray thorns like bristles. This was food filling the Central Palace (Middle Jiao), unable to mobilize. Pulses often present this way. Should use Liangge San (Cool the Diaphragm Powder) to purge. Physicians wanted to use this to escape responsibility, let me use medicine. One purge cleared mental confusion, pulses rose instantly. One must know that the pulse of food injury...