吃，病气逆也，气自脐下直冲，上出于口，而作声之名也。《书》曰∶火炎上。《内经》曰∶诸逆冲上，皆属于火。
东垣谓∶火与元气不两立。又谓∶火，气之贼也。古方悉以胃弱言之，而不及火，且以丁香、柿蒂、竹茹、陈皮等剂治
之，未审孰为降火，孰为补虚？人之阴气，根据胃为养。胃土伤损，则木气侮之矣，此土败木贼也。阴为火所乘，不得内
守，木挟相火乘之，故直冲清道而上。言胃弱者，阴弱也，虚之甚也。病患见此似为死证，然亦有实者，不可不知，敢
陈其说。
赵立道，年近五十，质弱而多怒。七月炎暑，大饥索饭，其家不能急具，因大怒，两日后得滞下病。口渴，自以冷
水调生蜜饮之甚快，滞下亦渐缓，如此者五七日，召予视。脉稍大不数，遂令止蜜水，渴时但令以人参、白术煎汤调益
元散与之，滞下亦渐收。七、八日后，觉倦甚发吃，予知其因下久而阴虚也，令其守前药。然滞下尚未止，又以炼蜜饮，
如此者三日，吃犹未止。众皆尤药之未当，将以姜、附饮之。予曰∶补药无速效，附子非补阴者，服之必死。众曰∶冷
水饭多得无寒乎？予曰∶炎暑如此，饮凉非寒，勿多疑。待以日数，力到当自止。又四日而吃止，滞下亦安。
又陈择仁，年近七十，浓味之人也。有久喘病，而作止不常，新秋患滞下，食大减，至五七日后吃作，召予视。脉
皆大豁，众以为难。予曰∶形瘦者尚可为，以人参白术汤下大补丸以补血，至七日而安。
此二人者虚之为也。
又一女子，年逾笄，性躁味浓，暑月因大怒而吃作，每作则举身跳动，神昏不知人，问之乃知暴病，视其形气俱实，
遂以人参芦煎汤。饮一碗，大吐顽痰数碗，大汗昏睡，一日而安。人参入手太阴，补阳中之阴者也。芦则反尔，大泻太
阴之阳。女子暴怒气上，肝主怒，肺主气，经曰∶怒则气逆。气因怒逆，肝木乘火侮肺，故吃大作而神昏。参芦喜吐，
痰尽气降而火衰，金气复位，胃气得和而解。麻黄发汗，节能止汗。谷属金，糠之性热；麦属阳，麸之性凉。先儒谓物
物具太极，学人其可不触类而长，引而伸之乎！
呃逆，是指病气上逆，气从脐下直冲而上，出于口部并发出声音的病证。《尚书》说：“火性炎上。”《黄帝内经》说：“各种气逆冲上的病症，都归属于火邪。”
李东垣认为：“火与元气不能两立。”他又说：“火，是元气的贼害者。”古代方书全都将其归咎于胃气虚弱，而没有提及火邪，并且使用丁香、柿蒂、竹茹、陈皮等药物来治疗，却不明白哪些药是用来降火的，哪些药是用来补虚的。人的阴气，依赖胃土来滋养。如果胃土受到损伤，那么肝木之气就会克制它，这就是“土败木贼”。阴气被火邪所乘，不能在内固守，肝木挟带相火一同侵犯，所以气直接冲击清道（呼吸道及消化道上部）而上行。所谓“胃弱”，实际上是指阴气虚弱，这是极度虚损的表现。患者出现这种症状看似是死证，但其中也有实证的情况，不可不加以辨别，我在此陈述我的观点。
赵立道，年龄接近五十岁，体质虚弱且容易发怒。七月酷暑时节，他因极度饥饿索要饭菜，家人未能及时准备，因此大怒。两天后患上了痢疾（滞下）。口渴，自己用冷水调拌生蜜饮用，感觉非常爽快，痢疾症状也逐渐缓解，如此持续了五到七天，于是请我诊治。脉象稍大但不数急，于是我让他停止饮用蜜水，口渴时只让人用人参、白术煎汤调服益元散给他服用，痢疾症状也逐渐收敛。七、八天后，他感到极度疲倦并出现呃逆，我知道这是因为久泻导致阴虚的缘故，让他继续服用之前的药物。然而痢疾尚未完全止住，他又喝了炼蜜水，如此持续三天，呃逆仍未停止。众人都责怪药不对症，打算用干姜、附子来治疗。我说：“补药没有速效，附子不是补阴的药物，服用后必然致死。”众人说：“喝冷水和饭，难道不会导致寒证吗？”我说：“天气如此炎热，饮用凉物并非寒证，不要多疑。等待几天，正气恢复自然会停止。”又过了四天，呃逆停止，痢疾也痊愈了。
另一位陈择仁，年龄接近七十岁，平时喜好厚味饮食。患有长期的哮喘病，发作和停止没有规律。初秋时节患上痢疾，食欲大减，到了五、七天后呃逆发作，请我诊治。脉象都非常洪大空虚，众人都认为难治。我说：“形体消瘦的人还可以治疗，用人参白术汤送服大补丸以补血，到了第七天就安稳了。”
这两个人都是由于虚损导致的。
还有一位女子，年龄超过十五岁（笄年），性格急躁且喜好厚味。在暑月因大怒而引发呃逆，每次发作时全身跳动，神志昏迷不知人事。询问后才知是突发疾病，观察其形气都表现为实证，于是用人参芦头煎汤。让她喝下一碗，吐出了几碗顽痰，大汗淋漓后昏睡，一天后就痊愈了。人参进入手太阴肺经，是补阳中之阴的药物。人参芦则相反，能大泻太阴之阳。女子因暴怒导致气机上逆，肝主怒，肺主气，《内经》说：“怒则气逆。”气因愤怒而上逆，肝木乘势克制并侮犯肺金，所以呃逆大作且神志昏迷。人参芦善于催吐，痰涎排尽则气机下降，火势衰退，肺金之气复位，胃气得以调和而病愈。麻黄能发汗，葱白能止汗。谷物属于金，谷壳的性质热；麦子属于阳，麦麸的性质凉。先儒说万物都具备太极之理，求学之人怎能不触类旁通，引申发挥呢！
Eke (hiccup or belching with upward rushing qi) refers to a pathological condition where rebellious qi rushes upward from below the umbilicus, exits through the mouth, and produces sound. The *Book of Documents* states: "Fire flares upward." The *Huangdi Neijing* (Yellow Emperor's Inner Canon) states: "All rebellious and upward-rushing conditions belong to Fire."
Li Dongyuan stated: "Fire and Yuan Qi (Original Qi) cannot coexist." He also stated: "Fire is the thief of Qi." Ancient prescriptions all attributed this condition to weak Stomach Qi without mentioning Fire, and treated it with formulas containing Dingxiang (Clove), Shidi (Persimmon Calyx), Zhuru (Bamboo Shavings), and Chenpi (Aged Tangerine Peel). It was not examined which agents were for descending Fire and which were for tonifying deficiency. Human Yin Qi relies on the Stomach Earth for nourishment. If Stomach Earth is damaged, Wood Qi will insult it; this is "Earth failing and Wood attacking." When Yin is overwhelmed by Fire, it cannot remain within and guard itself. Wood carries Ministerial Fire to attack, causing the qi to rush directly up the clear pathways. To say the Stomach is weak actually means Yin is weak, representing extreme deficiency. Patients presenting with this appear to have a fatal syndrome, yet there are also excess cases; this must be known. I dare to present my theory.
Zhao Lidao, nearly fifty years old, had a weak constitution and was prone to anger. In the intense heat of July, he was extremely hungry and demanded food. His family could not prepare it quickly, leading to great anger. Two days later, he developed dysentery (Lixia). He felt thirsty and drank raw honey mixed with cold water, feeling very refreshed; his dysentery symptoms gradually eased. This continued for five to seven days, when he summoned me. His pulse was slightly large but not rapid. I ordered him to stop drinking honey water. When thirsty, he was given Yiyuan San (Benefit Prime Powder) mixed with decoctions of Renshen (Ginseng) and Baizhu (Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome). His dysentery gradually resolved. Seven or eight days later, he felt extremely fatigued and developed Eke. I knew this was due to Yin deficiency caused by prolonged diarrhea, so I instructed him to continue the previous medication. However, the dysentery had not completely stopped, and he drank refined honey water again for three days, yet the Eke persisted. Everyone blamed the prescription as inappropriate and intended to use Ganjiang (Dried Ginger) and Fuzi (Prepared Aconite Root). I said: "Tonics do not work instantly; Fuzi does not tonify Yin. Taking it will surely cause death." They asked: "Drinking cold water and rice—could it not cause Cold?" I replied: "In such hot weather, drinking cool substances is not Cold. Do not doubt. Wait a few days; when strength returns, it will stop naturally." Four days later, the Eke ceased, and the dysentery also settled.
Chen Zeren, nearly seventy years old, was accustomed to rich and heavy flavors. He suffered from chronic asthma with irregular episodes. In early autumn, he contracted dysentery, his appetite decreased significantly, and after five to seven days, Eke began. I examined him. His pulses were all large and hollow. Everyone considered it difficult to treat. I said: "Since his form is emaciated, it can still be treated. Administer Dabu Wan (Great Tonification Pill) with Ren Shen Bai Zhu Tang (Ginseng and Atractylodes Decoction) to nourish Blood. By the seventh day, he was stable."
These two individuals suffered from deficiency.
Another woman, over fifteen years old (Ji age), had an irritable temperament and liked rich foods. In summer, she developed Eke due to sudden rage. Each episode involved whole-body tremors and unconsciousness. Inquiry revealed it was an acute onset. Her physical appearance and Qi both indicated Excess. I prescribed a decoction of Renshen Lu (Ginseng Stem). After drinking one bowl, she vomited several bowls of stubborn phlegm, sweated profusely, fell into a deep sleep, and recovered in one day. Renshen enters the Hand Taiyin Lung Meridian and tonifies the Yin within Yang. Renshen Lu acts oppositely, greatly draining the Yang of Taiyin. The woman's violent anger caused Qi to rebel upward. The Liver governs anger; the Lung governs Qi. The Classics state: "Anger causes Qi to rebel." Due to anger, Qi rebelled upward; Liver Wood attacked and insulted Lung Metal. Thus, Eke became severe and consciousness was lost. Renshen Lu induces vomiting; once phlegm is expelled, Qi descends, Fire declines, Lung Metal Qi returns to its proper position, Stomach Qi harmonizes, and the disease resolves. Mahuang (Ephedra Herb) induces sweating; Jingjie (Schizonepeta Spike) stops sweating. Grains belong to Metal; bran is hot in nature. Wheat belongs to Yang; chaff is cool in nature. Former Confucians stated that all things possess the Supreme Ultimate (Taiji). Scholars should not fail to draw analogies and extend their understanding!