（手足经同）
内经曰。留瘦不移节而刺之。使十二经无过绝。假令十二经中是何经略不通行。当刺不
通
行凝滞经。俱令接过节。如刺之无问其数。以平为期。如诸经俱虚。补十二经。如诸经俱实
。泻十二经。补当随而济之。泻当迎而夺之。
为见诸经中。无过与不及之病而有病。
八十难曰。有见如入。谓左手见气来至乃纳针。针入见气尽乃出针。非用迎随补泻之法
不虚不实。不虚谓真气未虚。不实谓邪气未实。以此故自取其经施其法也。
假令针本经病了。又于本经原穴亦针一针。如补肝经。亦于肝原穴上补一针如泻肝经来
亦于肝经原穴上泻一针如余经有补泻针毕仿此例亦补泻各经原穴。
又补其母。亦名随而济之。又泻其子。亦名迎而夺之又随呼吸出纳亦名迎随也。
两胁痛。少阳丘虚。心痛少阴太溪。（并涌泉足厥阴原穴）腰痛。昆仑委中出血。喘满痰
实
如胶。太溪呕哕无度。手厥阴大陵。头痛。手足太阳原热无度不可止陷谷出血。小肠疝气痛
。足厥阴太冲。百节酸疼实无所知。三棱刺绝骨出血。
妇人血不止。刺足太阴井。喉闭手足少阳井（并少商手。足太阴井）大烦热不止。昼夜无
力。
刺十指间出血谓八阳大节眼发睛欲出亦须大刺。目痛大 痛。刺太阳井。头中痛不可忍卒
疝痛。妇人阴中痛。皆刺足厥阴井。目痛小 痛刺
少阳井。心痛脉沉肾原穴。脉弦。肝原穴。涩脉肺原穴。缓脉脾原穴身之前。足阳明原穴。
身之后。足太阳原穴。身之侧。足少阳原穴。灸一身之内分为八方。（脐以上至鸠尾以年为
壮。大椎以下。至腰中以年为壮。腰）手足四分。自井为一。荣为二。至合为五之类。自胆
中
分四向。如井荣数倍之。百会为一分。亦如胆中法。凡欲灸者先诊其脉若浮者不可灸。灸之
必变。
月晦前后各二日属坤 为癸乙 月缺 无泻
月望前后各二日属干 为甲壬 月满 无补
初三日至上弦 属震仰孟 为庚
上弦日至月望 属兑上缺 为丁
月望日至下弦 属巽为风 为辛
下弦日至月晦 属艮纳雨 为丙
（手足十二经的情况相同）
《黄帝内经》说：对于形体消瘦、病程迁延且病位固定的患者，应当按时令节气进行针刺治疗。目的是使十二经脉的气血运行没有断绝的现象。假如在十二经中，是哪一条经脉完全不通畅，就应当针刺那条不通畅、气血凝滞的经脉，使其与其他经脉的气血交接贯通。至于针刺的次数，不必拘泥于具体数量，以患者身体达到平衡状态为准则。如果所有经脉都呈现虚证，就补益十二经；如果所有经脉都呈现实证，就泻除十二经的邪气。补法应当顺着经气运行的方向而施以资助（随而济之），泻法应当迎着经气运行的方向而施以夺泄（迎而夺之）。
这是为了见到各经脉中没有超过或不及的病理变化，从而消除疾病。
《难经·第八十难》说：“有见如入”，是指看到左手脉象显示经气到来时才进针；针入后，等到经气运行完毕（气尽）时出针。这并不是单纯使用迎随补泻的方法，而是针对不虚不实的病症。所谓“不虚”，是指真气尚未虚弱；所谓“不实”，是指邪气尚未亢盛。因此，在这种情况下，应当直接选取本经并施用相应的方法。
假如针刺治疗本经的疾病，又在本经的原穴上再针刺一针。例如，如果要补肝经，就在肝经的原穴上进行补法针刺；如果要泻肝经，就在肝经的原穴上进行泻法针刺。其余各经如果有补泻操作，针刺完毕后，也仿照这个例子，对各经的原穴分别进行补泻。
另外，补益其母经（根据五行相生关系），也称为“随而济之”；泻除其子经，也称为“迎而夺之”。此外，配合呼吸的进出针法，也称为迎随法。
两胁疼痛，取少阳经的丘墟穴；心痛，取少阴经的太溪穴。（还包括涌泉穴和足厥阴肝经的原穴太冲穴）。腰痛，刺昆仑穴和委中穴放血。喘息胀满、痰涎壅盛如胶漆般粘稠，取太溪穴；呕吐呃逆不止，取手厥阴心包经的大陵穴。头痛，手足太阳经原穴热势炽盛无法停止，刺陷谷穴放血。小肠疝气疼痛，取足厥阴肝经的太冲穴。全身关节酸痛沉重、感觉迟钝不知痛处，用三棱针点刺绝骨穴放血。
妇女崩漏下血不止，刺足太阴脾经的井穴。喉痹闭塞，刺手足少阳经的井穴（还包括少商穴，以及手、足太阴经的井穴）。极度烦热不止，昼夜无力，刺十个手指尖之间放血。瞳孔突出欲脱，也必须深刺。眼睛红肿剧痛，刺太阳经井穴。头部内部剧烈疼痛难以忍受，急性疝气疼痛，妇女阴部疼痛，都刺足厥阴肝经的井穴。眼睛轻微疼痛，刺少阳经井穴。
心痛且脉象沉，取肾经原穴；脉象弦，取肝经原穴；脉象涩，取肺经原穴；脉象缓，取脾经原穴。身体前面，取足阳明胃经原穴；身体后面，取足太阳膀胱经原穴；身体侧面，取足少阳胆经原穴。
艾灸全身内部穴位分为八方。（从脐以上至鸠尾穴，按年龄决定灸的壮数；从大椎穴以下至腰部，按年龄决定灸的壮数。）手足四肢分为四分，自井穴为一分，荥穴为二分，至合穴为五分之类。从胆经中分出四分向其他方向，如井穴、荥穴的数量倍数一样。百会穴作为一分，也依照胆经的方法。凡是想要艾灸的人，先诊察其脉象，如果脉浮，不可艾灸，艾灸了必然发生变证。
农历每月初一前后两天属于坤卦，对应天干癸、乙，月亮亏缺，不宜用泻法。
农历每月十五前后两天属于乾卦，对应天干甲、壬，月亮圆满，不宜用补法。
初三日至上弦月，属于震卦，对应天干庚。
上弦月至月望（十五），属于兑卦，对应天干丁。
月望日至下弦月，属于巽卦，对应天干辛。
下弦月至月末晦日，属于艮卦，对应天干丙。
(The situation is the same for the twelve meridians of the hands and feet.)
The *Huangdi Neijing* (Yellow Emperor's Inner Canon) states: For patients who are emaciated, suffering from chronic conditions with fixed locations, acupuncture should be performed according to solar terms. The aim is to ensure that the qi and blood flow in the twelve meridians does not become interrupted. If any one of the twelve meridians is completely obstructed, that specific meridian characterized by stagnation and obstruction should be needled to restore its connection and flow with other meridians. The number of needle insertions is not fixed but should continue until the patient's body reaches a state of balance. If all meridians exhibit deficiency patterns, tonify the twelve meridians; if all meridians exhibit excess patterns, reduce the twelve meridians. Tonification should follow the direction of qi flow ("Sui Er Ji Zhi" - following and assisting), while reduction should oppose the direction of qi flow ("Ying Er Duo Zhi" - meeting and draining).
This approach aims to eliminate diseases caused by imbalances that are neither excessive nor deficient within the meridians.
The *Nan Jing* (Classic of Difficult Issues), Chapter 80, states: "Seeing as entering" refers to inserting the needle only when the qi arrival is observed via the pulse at the left hand, and removing it when the qi movement is completed. This is not merely applying Ying-Sui tonification and reduction methods, but addressing conditions that are neither truly deficient nor truly excess. "Not deficient" means the true qi has not yet weakened; "not excess" means the pathogenic factor has not yet become excessive. Therefore, in such cases, one directly selects the affected meridian and applies the appropriate method.
If treating a disease of a specific meridian, an additional needle may be inserted into the Yuan-Source point of that same meridian. For example, to tonify the Liver Meridian, apply tonification at the Liver Yuan-Source point; to reduce the Liver Meridian, apply reduction at the Liver Yuan-Source point. After completing tonification or reduction on other meridians, follow this same example to treat the Yuan-Source points of each respective meridian.
Furthermore, tonifying the mother meridian (based on the Five Elements generating cycle) is also called "following and assisting." Reducing the child meridian is also called "meeting and draining." Additionally, coordinating needle insertion and withdrawal with respiration is also referred to as the Ying-Sui method.
For pain in both hypochondriac regions, needle Qiuxu (GB40) of the Shaoyang Meridian; for heart pain, needle Taixi (KI3) of the Shaoyin Meridian. (Also include Yongquan (KI1) and the Yuan-Source point of the Foot Jueyin Liver Meridian, Taichong (LR3)). For lower back pain, bleed Kunlun (BL60) and Weizhong (BL40). For wheezing, distension, fullness, and phlegm-rheum thick like glue, needle Taixi (KI3); for incessant vomiting and hiccups, needle Daling (PC7) of the Hand Jueyin Pericardium Meridian. For headache where heat in the Yuan-Source points of the Hand and Foot Taiyang meridians is intense and unceasing, bleed Xangu (ST43). For Xiao Chang (Small Intestine) hernia pain, needle Taichong (LR3) of the Foot Jueyin Liver Meridian. For generalized joint soreness, heaviness, and insensitivity, use a three-edged needle to bleed Jiegu (GB39).
For women with continuous uterine bleeding, needle the Jing-Well point of the Foot Taiyin Spleen Meridian. For throat closure (bi-syndrome), needle the Jing-Well points of the Hand and Foot Shaoyang meridians (also include Shangyang (LI1) and the Jing-Well points of the Hand and Foot Taiyin meridians). For extreme restlessness and heat unceasing, accompanied by day-and-night weakness, bleed between the ten fingers. For protruding eyeballs, deep needling is required. For severe eye pain, needle the Jing-Well point of the Taiyang Meridian. For unbearable internal head pain, acute hernia pain, or pain in the female genitalia, all should be treated by needling the Jing-Well point of the Foot Jueyin Liver Meridian. For mild eye pain, needle the Jing-Well point of the Shaoyang Meridian.
For heart pain with a deep pulse, needle the Yuan-Source point of the Kidney Meridian; for a wiry pulse, needle the Yuan-Source point of the Liver Meridian; for a choppy pulse, needle the Yuan-Source point of the Lung Meridian; for a slow pulse, needle the Yuan-Source point of the Spleen Meridian. For the anterior aspect of the body, needle the Yuan-Source point of the Foot Yangming Stomach Meridian; for the posterior aspect, needle the Yuan-Source point of the Foot Taiyang Bladder Meridian; for the lateral aspect, needle the Yuan-Source point of the Foot Shaoyang Gallbladder Meridian.
Moxibustion for internal acupoints on the body is divided into eight directions. From the umbilicus up to Jiwei (CV15), the number of moxa cones (zhuang) corresponds to the patient's age; from Dazhui (GV14) down to the waist, the number of moxa cones also corresponds to the patient's age. The four limbs are divided into quarters: the Jing-Well point counts as one unit, the Ying-Spring point as two units, up to the He-Sea point as five units, etc. Starting from the Gallbladder Meridian, divide into four directions, multiplying the quantities of Jing-Well and Ying-Spring points accordingly. Baihui (GV20) counts as one unit, following the same method as the Gallbladder Meridian. Before performing moxibustion, always diagnose the pulse first. If the pulse is floating, moxibustion is contraindicated; applying it will inevitably lead to adverse changes.
Two days before and after the new moon (first day of the lunar month) belong to the Kun trigram, corresponding to Heavenly Stems Gui and Yi. The moon is waning; avoid reduction methods.
Two days before and after the full moon (fifteenth day of the lunar month) belong to the Qian trigram, corresponding to Heavenly Stems Jia and Ren. The moon is full; avoid tonification methods.
From the third day to the first quarter moon, belongs to the Zhen trigram, corresponding to Heavenly Stem Geng.
From the first quarter moon to the full moon, belongs to the Dui trigram, corresponding to Heavenly Stem Ding.
From the full moon to the last quarter moon, belongs to the Xun trigram, corresponding to Heavenly Stem Xin.
From the last quarter moon to the last day of the lunar month (Hui), belongs to the Gen trigram, corresponding to Heavenly Stem Bing.