脉经曰∶尺脉滑，血气实，妇人经脉不利（滑为气血有余，故曰实）。少阴脉弱而微，微则少血（微弱为血不
足，浮弱亦然）。寸口脉浮而弱，浮则为虚，弱则无血。脉来至状如琴弦，苦少腹痛，主月水不利，孔窍生疮。肝脉沉，
主月水不利，腰腹痛。尺脉来而断续者，月水不利，当患小腹引腰痛，气滞，上攻胸臆也。（弦也，沉也，断续也，皆
主痛，而不利，而孔窍生疮，上攻胸臆，当别之）。
经不通，绕脐寒疝痛，其脉沉紧，此由寒气客于血室，血凝不行，结积，血为气所冲，新血
与故血相搏，故痛。（沉紧为寒在血分）
四物汤 治妇人冲任虚损，月水不调，经病或前或后，或多或少，或脐腹 痛，或
腰足中痛，或崩中漏下，及胎前产后诸证。常服益荣卫，滋气血。若有他病，随证加减。
当归（和血。如血刺痛如刀割，非此不能除） 川芎（治风泄肝木。如血虚头痛，非此不
能除） 芍药（和血理脾。如腹中虚痛，非此不能除。酒炒） 熟地黄（补血。如脐痛非此不能
除。酒洗用）
上锉，各等分，每服四钱，水煎服。春，倍川芎；夏，倍芍药；秋，倍地黄；冬，倍当归
（夫春生夏长，秋收冬藏者，四时生物之功也。物顺四时而为生长，则人身之气血，亦顺四
时而为升沉矣。若四物汤者，岂无精意于其间哉。如当归之甘辛温润，可喻春日之和融；川
芎之辛温而散，可喻夏令之敷荣，此生长之用也。有生长而不为收藏，则何以成物？故用白
芍之酸收以成秋，熟地之味浓以成冬，此又收藏之妙矣。然四时之中，以甘为土德之用，故
归地之甘以和之，此又五行之不离乎土也。昔海藏云∶如用血药，当于四物汤中择其一二可
也，又岂无意哉。故如行血，则用芎归，以行春夏之令，如欲止血，则用地芍以行秋冬之令
；此又升沉之道也。观佛手散，犀角地黄汤，止用四物中之二物，盖可想矣。虽然，物自物
矣，物其物者，苟无主宰于其间，则物无物矣，即四物奚为哉。故元神胃气，尤为吃紧者也
）。若春则防风，四物加防风倍川芎。若夏则黄芩，四物加黄芩倍芍药；若秋则门冬，四物
加天门冬倍地黄。若冬则桂枝，四物加桂枝倍当归（此倍加法，便是四时妙理。倍当归以迎春气，倍川芎
以迎夏气，倍芍药以迎秋，倍地黄以迎冬。用当归以生一阳，用芍药以生一阴，皆升降之妙也，识之识之）。若血虚而
腹痛，微汗而恶风，四物加术
、桂，谓之腹痛六合，若风眩晕，加秦艽、羌活，谓之风六合。若气虚弱，起则无力，
然而倒，加浓朴、陈皮，谓之气六合（气不足而用泄气之药加乎？当以参 易之）；若发热而
烦，不能睡卧者，加黄连、栀子，谓之热六合。若虚寒脉微自汗，气难布息，清便自调，加
干姜、附子，谓之寒六合。若中湿，身沉重无力，身凉微汗，加白术、茯苓，谓之湿六合。
若妇人筋骨肢节疼，及头痛脉弦，憎寒如疟，宜治风六合，四物汤加羌活、防风。若血气上
冲，心腹胁下满闷，宜治气六合，四物加木香、槟榔。若脐下虚冷腹痛，及腰脊间闷痛，宜
玄胡六合，四物加玄胡索、苦楝。若气冲经脉，月事频并，脐下多痛，宜倍芍药加黄 。若
经事欲行，脐腹绞痛，临经痛者，血涩也，加玄胡、苦楝（碎，炒焦）、木香、槟榔。若妇人
血虚，心腹绞痛不可忍者，去地黄，加干姜，名四神汤。补下元，加干姜、甘草。气筑
，小腹痛，加玄胡索。若腹中刺痛，恶物不下，倍加当归、芍药。若腹痛作声，经脉不快
，加熟地黄一倍，添桂心半倍。经行腹痛，腰背痛，加芸薹、牛膝、红花、吴茱萸、 、甘草，银器灯心热服。若
经水涩少，加葵花煎，又加红花，血见愁。若经水少而色和者
，倍加熟地黄、当归。若经水暴下，加黄芩；若腹痛，加黄连；如夏月，不去黄芩。若经水
如黑豆汁者，加黄芩、黄连。经水过多，别无余证，宜黄芩六合汤，四物汤、黄芩、白术等
分。经血淋漓不断，加干瑞莲房炒入药。阴阳交合经脉行，加赤石脂、黄 、肉桂、百草霜
、藕节、败棕灰、肉豆蔻、当归、木香、龙骨、白茯苓、白术、地榆。若经水适来适断，或
有寒热往来者，先服小柴胡汤，以去其寒热，后以四物汤和之。如寒热不退，勿服四物，是
谓变证，表邪犹在，不能效也（须识表证，更有次序可法），根据前论中变证，随证用药调治。若血崩者，加生地黄、蒲
黄
；血黑片，加人参、白术。若血脏虚冷，崩中去血过多，加阿胶、艾（以虚冷而崩中，故加艾，今人不问冷热
，而皆用胶、艾，殊可笑也）。月水不调，血崩，或
多少，或前后，呕逆心膨，加陈艾、黄 （心膨宜审）。若赤白带下，宜香桂六合，四物汤加
桂枝、香附，各减半。四物汤为细末，蜜炼丸，梧子大，空心米饮汤下三四十丸，治高年妇
人白带良验。如白淫浊，加龙骨、地黄、当归。如漏下五色，研麝香好酒下；如鲜红，温酒
盐汤下；如带下，加肉桂、蒲黄、百草霜、甘草、黑豆、白术、玄胡索、白姜、龙骨，空心
盐酒下；如白带，加白龙骨，酒下（此皆古法，宜体认的确方可遵）。若妇人血积者，加广术、京三棱、桂干漆（炒烟
尽）
各等分
。若经血凝滞，腹内血气作疼，加广术、官桂等分。
王石肤云∶熟地黄滞血，安能止痛，不
若以五灵脂代之。血滞不通，加桃仁、红花。经闭，加枳壳、大黄、荆芥、黄芩、青皮、滑
石、木通、瞿麦、海金沙、山栀子、车前子（以经闭而用利水之药，何也？岂非以下焦气滞而道之耶）
。血寒，加甘草、乌梅、柴胡、桃柳枝。月水久
闭，加肉桂、甘草、黄 、姜黄、枣子、木通、红花。月水不通，加野苎根、牛膝、红花、
苏木，旧酒水同煎。血气不调，加吴茱萸等分，甘草减半。诸虚不足，加香附子。四物汤加
甘草半两，为细末炼蜜丸，每两作八丸，酒醋共半盏煎汤，同化调下，名当归煎，去败血生
好血，如人行五里，再进一服，无时（以甘能和气生液养血也，惟气不足者宜之，如要调气宜倍香附最妙）。若虚热
病，四物汤与参苏饮相合，名补心汤主之，添
柴胡名五神汤，大能补虚退虚热。潮热，加黄芩、地骨皮、柴胡，一方加柴胡、干葛、黄
、人参。虚热口干，加麦门冬、黄芩。虚渴，加人参、干葛、乌梅、栝蒌根。虚而多汗，加
牡蛎、麻黄根。虚寒潮热，加柴胡、地骨皮、白术、茯苓、甘草、秦艽、知母、黄芩、麦
芽、贝母、人参、乌梅、枣子。若四肢肿痛，不能举动，宜以苍术各半汤主之（与苍术对配意见自超，然必有湿者
宜之）。若大便燥结
，四物汤与调胃承气汤各半，名玉烛散主之。若流湿润燥，宜四物理中各半汤。若气血俱虚
，四物与四君子汤各半，名八珍汤主之，加缩砂仁保胎气，令人有子；有热，加黄芩。若因
热生风者，加川芎、柴胡、防风（若谓热生风，当清热，兹不清热而散郁热，当以意逆之）。 血气劳，加荆芥、柴胡
（非治劳，乃行肝胆之气血结滞生
热也，与用青蒿同）（下三节俱治血风，而变证不同，用药亦异，自当心悟） 血风两胁筑痛，或盘肠成块，
加大黄、荜茇、乳香。血弱生风，四肢
痹疼，行步艰难，加人参、乳香、没药、麝香、甘草、五灵脂、羌独活、防风、荆芥、地龙
、南星、附子、泽兰，为末，蜜丸，木瓜盐汤下（乃治痹疼妙药）。血风膨胀，加甘草、木香、枳壳、马兜铃
、葶苈、紫苏、藿香、地黄，空心服。脏腑秘，加大黄、桃仁。滑泄，加官桂、附子（以四
物治泻，人所未信，学人当知）；呕，加白术、人参（一方有生姜）。呕吐不止，加藿香，白
术减半，人参再减半。呕逆，饮食不入，加白术、丁香、甘草、人参、缩砂、益智仁、胡椒（以呕吐呕逆而所加药固是
矣，然与四物同用，然乎，否乎）
。若咳嗽，加桑白皮、半夏、人参、生姜、北五味子、甘草（古人治嗽多用人参、五味，然审察虚实，不可据信也）
。若发寒热，加干生姜、牡丹皮
、柴胡。若寒热往来，加炮干姜、牡丹皮各二分半。若平常些少虚眩，肢体瘦倦，月信不通
，只用生姜、薄荷，此是妇人常服之药，盖味寡而性缓，效迟而功深（逍遥散以薄荷为引即此意）。 若大渴，
加知母、石
膏。若水停心下，微吐逆者，加猪苓、茯苓、防己。若心腹胀满，加枳壳、青皮。虚汗，加
麻黄根。汗多，加浮麦。肠风下血，加槐角、槐花、枳壳、荆芥、黄芩、大腹皮、茜草、
地榆、石楠叶、白鸡冠花为散，煎一半为末，空心盐汤旧酒调下（新酒有毒故用陈者）。鼻衄
吐血，加竹青、蒲黄、藕节、半夏、丁香、诃子、桂花、红枣、飞罗面、白茅根、蚌粉（桂花桂心也，桂与丁、半以治
吐衄，今人难之，古法多用，亦须识之，以备参考）。 若
头昏项强，加人参、黄芩。若虚寒似伤寒者，加人参、柴胡、防风。若虚烦不得睡，加竹叶
、人参。若诸痛有湿者，四物与白术相半（前以四肢肿痛用苍术，此以诸痛有湿用白术相半，宜思之），加天麻、茯苓、
穿山甲，用酒煎服。治老人风秘
，加青皮等分（老人风秘加青皮，人所未知，产后亦有用）。 治疮疾，加荆芥，酒煎常服。奶痈，加连翘、慈菇子、
茜草、白芷、茭白
、荆芥、牛膝、山蜈蚣、乳香、没药、漏芦、生地黄。赤眼头风疾，加薄荷、清茶。赤眼生
风，加防风、黄芩。风疮赤肿，加荆芥、牛蒡子、何首乌、甘草、防风、羌活、地黄、盐酒
。脚肿，加大腹皮、赤小豆、茯苓皮、生姜皮。若妇人伤寒汗下后，饮食减少，血虚者，加
黄、白术、茯苓、甘草，宜八物汤。若妊娠伤寒中风，表虚自汗，头痛项强，身热恶寒，
脉浮而弱，太阳经病，宜表虚六合汤，四物汤四两，桂枝、地骨皮各七钱。若妊娠伤寒，头
痛身热无汗，脉浮紧，太阳经病，宜表实六合，四物汤四两，麻黄、细辛各半两。若妊娠伤
寒，中风湿之气，肢节烦疼，脉浮而热，头痛，此太阳标病也，宜风湿六合汤，四物汤四两
，防风、苍术各七钱。若妊娠伤寒下后，过经不愈，温毒发斑如锦纹，宜升麻六合，四物汤
四两，柴胡、黄芩各七钱。若妊娠伤寒，胸胁满痛脉弦，少阳头昏项强，宜柴胡六合，四物
汤四两，柴胡、黄芩各七钱。若妊娠伤寒，大便硬、小便赤，气满而脉沉数，阳明太阳本病
也，急下之，宜大黄六合，四物汤四两，大黄半两，桃仁十个（去皮尖，麸炒）。若妊娠伤寒
，汗下后，咳嗽不止，宜人参六合，四物汤四两，人参、五味子各半两。若妊娠伤寒，汗下
后，虚痞胀满者，阳明本虚也，宜浓朴六合，亦治咳嗽喘满，四物汤四两，浓朴、枳实（麸
炒）各半两。若妊娠伤寒，汗下后，不得眠者，宜栀子六合，四物汤四两，栀子、黄芩各半
两。若妊娠伤寒，身热大渴，蒸蒸而烦，脉长而大者，宜石膏六合，四物汤四两，石膏、知
母各半两。若妊娠伤寒，小便不利，太阳本病，宜茯苓六合，四物汤四两，茯苓、泽泻各半
两。若妊娠伤寒，小便不利，太阳本病，小便赤如血状者，宜琥珀六合，四物汤四两，琥珀、茯苓各半
两。若妊娠伤寒，汗下后，血漏不止，胎气损者，宜胶艾六合，四物汤四两，阿胶、艾各半
两（一方加甘草同上，一方加干姜、甘草、黄 ）。若妊娠伤寒，四肢拘急，身凉微汗，腹中
痛，脉沉而迟，少阴病也，宜附子六合，四物汤四两，附子（炮，去脐皮）、桂各半两。若妊
娠伤寒，蓄血证，不宜堕胎药下之，宜四物大黄汤，四物汤四两，生地黄、大黄（酒浸）各半
两。四物与麻黄、桂枝、白虎、柴胡、理中、四逆、茱萸、承气、凉膈等，皆可作各半汤，
不能阐述，此易老用药大略也。安胎及漏下血，加阿胶、大艾、甘草、蒲黄（炒过）。若胎动
不安，下血不止，每服加艾叶五七片，更加葱白、阿胶末、黄 ，减四味之半，当归只用小
半，如疾势甚者，以四味各半两细锉，以水四盏，熟艾六块，如鸡子大，阿胶五七片，煎至
二盏半，去滓，分作四服，一日令尽；一方加粉草、干姜、黄 ，日二三服，至二腊（以一
七日为一腊），加阿胶、艾叶水煎服，名六物汤，胎前产后，每日可一二服，亦治血痢不止
，腹痛难忍；一方加黄 、柏叶、阿胶、甘草、续断，治平常经血淋漓不断，或多或少，或
赤或白，非时漏下，多服有效。受胎小肠气痛，加木香、 香。胎前嗽，加枳壳、甘草、款
冬、马兜铃、半夏、木通、葶苈子、人参、桔梗、麦门冬。胎气冲肝，腰脚痹，行步艰难，加
枳壳、木通、连翘、荆芥、地黄、羌独、山栀、甘草、灯心，空心服。妊娠心烦，加竹茹一
块，如有败血，则用当归近上节，易白芍药以赤，熟地黄以生。妊娠作恶生寒，面青，不思
饮食，憔悴，加陈皮、枳壳、白术、茯苓、甘草。损孕下血不止，头痛寒热耳鸣，气血劳伤
《脉经》说：尺部脉搏动滑利，说明血气充实，但妇女月经却不通畅（滑脉代表气血有余，所以称为“实”）。少阴脉象弱而微细，微细则代表血少（微弱表示血液不足，浮取时弱也是如此）。寸口脉象浮而弱，浮代表虚证，弱代表无血。脉来像琴弦一样直长，患者苦于小腹痛，主病为月经不通畅，孔窍处生疮。肝脉沉，主病为月经不通畅，伴有腰腹疼痛。尺脉来去断续不连贯，主月经不通畅，应当患小腹牵引腰痛，气机阻滞，向上攻冲胸膈。（弦脉、沉脉、断续脉，都主痛症及月经不利、孔窍生疮、上攻胸膈等症状，需要加以辨别）。
月经不通，绕脐部寒疝疼痛，脉象沉紧，这是由于寒气客居于血室，血液凝滞不行，结聚成积，血被气所冲撞，新血与旧血相互搏结，所以产生疼痛。（沉紧脉表示寒邪在血分）
四物汤 治疗妇女冲任二脉虚损，月经失调，经期或提前或推后，经量或多或少，或脐腹部疼痛，或腰腿部疼痛，或崩中漏下，以及胎前产后各种病症。经常服用可以补益营卫，滋养气血。如果有其他病症，根据症状进行加减。
当归（调和血液。如果血刺痛如刀割，不用此药不能消除） 川芎（治疗风邪疏泄肝木。如果血虚头痛，不用此药不能消除） 芍药（调和血液，调理脾脏。如果腹中虚痛，不用此药不能消除。酒炒） 熟地黄（补血。如果脐痛，不用此药不能消除。酒洗用）
以上药材切碎，各等分，每次服用四钱，加水煎服。春季，加倍使用川芎；夏季，加倍使用芍药；秋季，加倍使用地黄；冬季，加倍使用当归（春天生发，夏天生长，秋天收敛，冬天储藏，这是四季生物生长的规律。万物顺应四季而生长，那么人体的气血，也顺应四季而升降沉浮。像四物汤这样的方剂，其中难道没有精妙的用意吗？比如当归的甘辛温润，可以比喻春天的和煦融和；川芎的辛温发散，可以比喻夏天的繁荣茂盛，这是生长的作用。只有生长而不进行收藏，怎么能成就万物呢？所以用白芍的酸收来成就秋天的功能，用熟地黄的味浓来成就冬天的功能，这又是收藏的奥妙。然而四季之中，以甘味对应土德的作用，所以用当归和地黄的甘味来调和它，这又是五行不离土的道理。过去海藏先生曾说：如果使用补血药，应当在四物汤中选择其中的一两种即可，这又岂是没有深意呢？所以如果要行血，就用川芎和当归，以施行春夏的命令；如果想要止血，就用熟地和芍药，以施行秋冬的命令；这又是升降的道理。看佛手散、犀角地黄汤，只用了四物汤中的两味药，大概就可以想通了。虽然如此，药物自有其特性，但如果中间没有主宰者，那么药物也就失去作用了，那四物汤又有什么意义呢？所以元神胃气，尤为关键重要）。如果是春季，加防风，四物汤加防风并倍用川芎。如果是夏季，加黄芩，四物汤加黄芩并倍用芍药；如果是秋季，加天门冬，四物汤加天门冬并倍用地黄。如果是冬季，加桂枝，四物汤加桂枝并倍用当归（这种加倍的方法，体现了四季的妙理。倍用当归以迎接春气，倍用川芎以迎接夏气，倍用芍药以迎接秋气，倍用地黄以迎接冬气。用当归以生发一阳之气，用芍药以生发一阴之气，都是升降的奥妙，要牢记牢记）。如果血虚且腹痛，微微出汗且怕风，四物汤加白术、桂枝，称为腹痛六合汤；如果风邪引起的眩晕，加秦艽、羌活，称为风六合汤。如果气虚弱，起身无力，甚至跌倒，加厚朴、陈皮，称为气六合汤（气不足却用泄气的药加入吗？应当用人参代替）；如果发热且烦躁，不能睡卧，加黄连、栀子，称为热六合汤。如果虚寒脉微自汗，气息难以布散，大小便正常，加干姜、附子，称为寒六合汤。如果中湿，身体沉重无力，身体凉微汗，加白术、茯苓，称为湿六合汤。如果妇人筋骨肢节疼痛，以及头痛脉弦，怕冷如疟疾，宜用治风六合汤，四物汤加羌活、防风。如果血气上冲，心腹胁下满闷，宜用治气六合汤，四物汤加木香、槟榔。如果脐下虚冷腹痛，以及腰脊间闷痛，宜用玄胡六合汤，四物汤加玄胡索、苦楝。如果气冲经脉，月经频繁且量多，脐下多痛，宜倍用芍药加黄芩。如果月经将要来潮，脐腹绞痛，经期疼痛，这是血涩，加玄胡索、苦楝（捣碎，炒焦）、木香、槟榔。如果妇人血虚，心腹绞痛不可忍受，去掉地黄，加干姜，名为四神汤。补下元，加干姜、甘草。气筑痛，小腹痛，加玄胡索。如果腹中刺痛，恶露不下，加倍加当归、芍药。如果腹痛有声，经脉不畅，加一倍熟地黄，添半倍桂心。经期腹痛，腰背痛，加芸薹、牛膝、红花、吴茱萸、甘草，用银器煎煮灯心草，热服。如果经血涩少，加葵花煎，再加红花、血见愁。如果经水少而颜色正常，倍加熟地黄、当归。如果经血暴下，加黄芩；如果腹痛，加黄连；如在夏季，不去黄芩。如果经水如黑豆汁样，加黄芩、黄连。经血过多，没有其他余症，宜用黄芩六合汤，四物汤、黄芩、白术等分。经血淋漓不断，加干瑞莲房炒入药。阴阳交合期间月经来潮，加赤石脂、黄芩、肉桂、百草霜、藕节、败棕灰、肉豆蔻、当归、木香、龙骨、白茯苓、白术、地榆。如果经水适来适断，或有寒热往来的症状，先服用小柴胡汤，以去除寒热，后用四物汤调和。如果寒热不退，不要服用四物汤，这叫变证，表邪仍在，不能见效（必须识别表证，更有次序可遵循），根据前面的论述中的变证，随症状用药调治。如果血崩，加生地黄、蒲黄；血色黑成片，加人参、白术。如果血脏虚冷，崩中去血过多，加阿胶、艾叶（因为虚冷而崩中，所以加艾叶，现在的人不问冷热，都用胶、艾，实在可笑）。月经不调，血崩，或多少，或前后，呕吐逆乱心腹胀满，加陈艾、黄芩（心胀满应仔细审察）。如果赤白带下，宜用香桂六合汤，四物汤加桂枝、香附，各减半。将四物汤研为细末，炼蜜为丸，梧桐子大小，空腹米饮汤送服三四十丸，治疗老年妇女白带效果良好。如果是白淫浊，加龙骨、地黄、当归。如果是漏下五色，研麝香好酒送服；如果是鲜红色，温酒盐汤送服；如果是带下，加肉桂、蒲黄、百草霜、甘草、黑豆、白术、玄胡索、白姜、龙骨，空腹盐酒送服；如果是白带，加白龙骨，酒送服（这些都是古法，应当确切体会认识后方可遵循）。如果妇人血积，加莪术、京三棱、桂干漆（炒至烟尽）各等分。如果经血凝滞，腹内血气作痛，加莪术、官桂等分。
王石肤说：熟地黄滞血，怎能止痛，不如用五灵脂代替。血滞不通，加桃仁、红花。经闭，加枳壳、大黄、荆芥、黄芩、青皮、滑石、木通、瞿麦、海金沙、山栀子、车前子（因为经闭而用利水药，为什么呢？难道不是通过疏导下焦气滞吗？）血寒，加甘草、乌梅、柴胡、桃柳枝。月经久闭，加肉桂、甘草、黄芩、姜黄、枣子、木通、红花。月经不通，加野苎根、牛膝、红花、苏木，用旧酒水同煎。血气不调，加吴茱萸等分，甘草减半。诸虚不足，加香附子。四物汤加甘草半两，研为细末炼蜜为丸，每两做成八丸，酒醋共半盏煎汤，同化调下，名为当归煎，去败血生好血，如人行走五里的时间，再进一服，不限时候（因为甘味能和气生津养血，只有气不足者适宜，如果要调气，最好倍用香附）。如果是虚热病，四物汤与参苏饮相合，名为补心汤主治，添柴胡名为五神汤，大能补虚退虚热。潮热，加黄芩、地骨皮、柴胡，一方加柴胡、干葛、黄芩、人参。虚热口干，加麦门冬、黄芩。虚渴，加人参、干葛、乌梅、栝蒌根。虚而多汗，加牡蛎、麻黄根。虚寒潮热，加柴胡、地骨皮、白术、茯苓、甘草、秦艽、知母、黄芩、麦芽、贝母、人参、乌梅、枣子。如果四肢肿痛，不能举动，宜用苍术各半汤主治（与苍术对配的意见自然高超，但必须有湿者适宜）。如果大便燥结，四物汤与调胃承气汤各半，名为玉烛散主治。如果流湿润燥，宜用四物理中各半汤。如果气血俱虚，四物汤与四君子汤各半，名为八珍汤主治，加缩砂仁保胎气，让人有子；如果有热，加黄芩。如果因热生风，加川芎、柴胡、防风（如果说热生风，应当清热，这里不清热而散郁热，应当用心意去推敲）。血气劳，加荆芥、柴胡（不是治劳，而是行肝胆之气血结滞生热，与用青蒿相同）（下三节都治血风，但变证不同，用药也不同，应当心中领悟）血风两胁筑痛，或盘肠成块，加大黄、荜茇、乳香。血弱生风，四肢痹疼，行走艰难，加人参、乳香、没药、麝香、甘草、五灵脂、羌活独活、防风、荆芥、地龙、南星、附子、泽兰，研为末，蜜丸，木瓜盐汤送服（这是治疗痹疼的妙药）。血风膨胀，加甘草、木香、枳壳、马兜铃、葶苈、紫苏、藿香、地黄，空腹服。脏腑秘结，加大黄、桃仁。滑泄，加官桂、附子（用四物汤治泻，人们不相信，学人应当知道）；呕吐，加白术、人参（一方有生姜）。呕吐不止，加藿香，白术减半，人参再减半。呕逆，饮食不入，加白术、丁香、甘草、人参、缩砂、益智仁、胡椒（对于呕吐呕逆所加的药固然合适，然而与四物汤同用，行吗，不行吗？）如果咳嗽，加桑白皮、半夏、人参、生姜、北五味子、甘草（古人治嗽多用人参、五味，然而审察虚实，不可轻信）。如果发寒热，加干生姜、牡丹皮、柴胡。如果寒热往来，加炮干姜、牡丹皮各二分半。如果平常有些许虚眩，肢体瘦倦，月经不通，只用生姜、薄荷，这是妇人常服的药，大概味道寡淡而性质缓和，见效慢但功效深远（逍遥散以薄荷为引就是这个意思）。如果大渴，加知母、石膏。如果水停心下，轻微呕吐逆乱，加猪苓、茯苓、防己。如果心腹胀满，加枳壳、青皮。虚汗，加麻黄根。汗多，加浮小麦。肠风下血，加槐角、槐花、枳壳、荆芥、黄芩、大腹皮、茜草、地榆、石楠叶、白鸡冠花为散，煎一半为末，空腹盐汤旧酒调下（新酒有毒所以用陈酒）。鼻衄吐血，加竹青、蒲黄、藕节、半夏、丁香、诃子、桂花、红枣、飞罗面、白茅根、蚌粉（桂花即桂心，桂与丁、半用于治疗吐衄，现在人对此感到困难，古法多用，也必须认识，以备参考）。如果头昏项强，加人参、黄芩。如果虚寒似伤寒，加人参、柴胡、防风。如果虚烦不得睡，加竹叶、人参。如果诸痛有湿，四物汤与白术相半（前面以四肢肿痛用苍术，这里以诸痛有湿用白术相半，应当思考），加天麻、茯苓、穿山甲，用酒煎服。治疗老人风秘，加青皮等分（老人风秘加青皮，人们不知道，产后也有用的）。治疗疮疾，加荆芥，酒煎常服。奶痈，加连翘、慈菇子、茜草、白芷、茭白、荆芥、牛膝、山蜈蚣、乳香、没药、漏芦、生地黄。赤眼头风疾，加薄荷、清茶。赤眼生风，加防风、黄芩。风疮赤肿，加荆芥、牛蒡子、何首乌、甘草、防风、羌活、地黄、盐酒。脚肿，加大腹皮、赤小豆、茯苓皮、生姜皮。如果妇人伤寒汗下后，饮食减少，血虚，加黄芪、白术、茯苓、甘草，宜用八物汤。如果妊娠伤寒中风，表虚自汗，头痛项强，身热恶寒，脉浮而弱，太阳经病，宜用表虚六合汤，四物汤四两，桂枝、地骨皮各七钱。如果妊娠伤寒，头痛身热无汗，脉浮紧，太阳经病，宜用表实六合汤，四物汤四两，麻黄、细辛各半两。如果妊娠伤寒，中风湿之气，肢节烦疼，脉浮而热，头痛，这是太阳标病，宜用风湿六合汤，四物汤四两，防风、苍术各七钱。如果妊娠伤寒下后，过经不愈，温毒发斑如锦纹，宜用升麻六合汤，四物汤四两，柴胡、黄芩各七钱。如果妊娠伤寒，胸胁满痛脉弦，少阳头昏项强，宜用柴胡六合汤，四物汤四两，柴胡、黄芩各七钱。如果妊娠伤寒，大便硬、小便赤，气满而脉沉数，阳明太阳本病，急下之，宜用大黄六合汤，四物汤四两，大黄半两，桃仁十个（去皮尖，麸炒）。如果妊娠伤寒，汗下后，咳嗽不止，宜用人参六合汤，四物汤四两，人参、五味子各半两。如果妊娠伤寒，汗下后，虚痞胀满，是阳明本虚，宜用浓朴六合汤，也治咳嗽喘满，四物汤四两，浓朴、枳实（麸炒）各半两。如果妊娠伤寒，汗下后，不得眠，宜用栀子六合汤，四物汤四两，栀子、黄芩各半两。如果妊娠伤寒，身热大渴，蒸蒸而烦，脉长而大，宜用石膏六合汤，四物汤四两，石膏、知母各半两。如果妊娠伤寒，小便不利，太阳本病，宜用茯苓六合汤，四物汤四两，茯苓、泽泻各半两。如果妊娠伤寒，小便不利，太阳本病，小便赤如血状，宜用琥珀六合汤，四物汤四两，琥珀、茯苓各半两。如果妊娠伤寒，汗下后，血漏不止，胎气受损，宜用胶艾六合汤，四物汤四两，阿胶、艾各半两（一方加甘草同上，一方加干姜、甘草、黄芪）。如果妊娠伤寒，四肢拘急，身凉微汗，腹中痛，脉沉而迟，少阴病，宜用附子六合汤，四物汤四两，附子（炮，去脐皮）、桂各半两。如果妊娠伤寒，蓄血证，不宜用堕胎药下之，宜用四物大黄汤，四物汤四两，生地黄、大黄（酒浸）各半两。四物汤与麻黄、桂枝、白虎、柴胡、理中、四逆、茱萸、承气、凉膈等，都可以作成各半汤，不能一一阐述，这是易老用药的大略。安胎及漏下血，加阿胶、大艾、甘草、蒲黄（炒过）。如果胎动不安，下血不止，每服加艾叶五七片，更加葱白、阿胶末、黄芪，减四味之半，当归只用小半，如果病情严重，以四味各半两细锉，以水四盏，熟艾六块，如鸡蛋大，阿胶五七片，煎至二盏半，去滓，分作四服，一日令尽；一方加粉草、干姜、黄芪，日二三服，至二腊（以一七日为一腊），加阿胶、艾叶水煎服，名为六物汤，胎前产后，每日可一二服，也治血痢不止，腹痛难忍；一方加黄芪、柏叶、阿胶、甘草、续断，治平常经血淋漓不断，或多或少，或赤或白，非时漏下，多服有效。受胎小肠气痛，加木香、茴香。胎前嗽，加枳壳、甘草、款冬、马兜铃、半夏、木通、葶苈子、人参、桔梗、麦门冬。胎气冲肝，腰脚痹，行走艰难，加枳壳、木通、连翘、荆芥、地黄、羌活独活、山栀、甘草、灯心，空腹服。妊娠心烦，加竹茹一块，如有败血，则用当归近上节，易白芍药以赤芍，熟地黄以生地黄。妊娠作恶生寒，面青，不思饮食，憔悴，加陈皮、枳壳、白术、茯苓、甘草。损孕下血不止，头痛寒热耳鸣，气血劳伤
The *Mai Jing* (Pulse Classic) states: If the Chi pulse (Cubit position, reflecting Kidney and lower jiao) is slippery, blood and qi are substantial, yet women suffer from irregular menstruation (a slippery pulse indicates an excess of blood and qi, hence termed "substantial"). If the Shaoyin pulse (reflecting Heart and Kidney) is weak and faint, a faint pulse indicates blood deficiency (weakness indicates insufficient blood; floating and weakness also indicate this). If the Cun pulse (Inch position, reflecting Lung and Heart) is floating and weak, floating indicates deficiency, and weakness indicates lack of blood. A pulse that comes like a zither string causes bitter lower abdominal pain and primarily indicates irregular menstruation and sores in orifices. A Liver pulse that is deep primarily indicates irregular menstruation accompanied by waist and abdominal pain. A Chi pulse that comes intermittently indicates irregular menstruation, likely suffering from lower abdominal pain radiating to the waist, qi stagnation, and upward attacking of the chest and epigastrium. (String-taut, deep, and intermittent pulses all indicate pain, irregular menstruation, sores in orifices, and upward attacking of the chest; these must be distinguished).
If menstruation is blocked, with cold hernia pain around the navel, and the pulse is deep and tight, this is due to cold pathogen lodging in the Blood Chamber, causing blood coagulation and stasis, forming accumulations. Blood is rushed by Qi, and new blood battles old blood, thus causing pain. (Deep and tight pulses indicate cold in the blood level).
**Si Wu Tang** (Four Substances Decoction) treats deficiency and damage to the Chong and Ren vessels in women, irregular menstruation, menstrual disorders occurring early or late, with excessive or scanty flow, umbilical or abdominal pain, waist and leg pain, metrorrhagia and metrostaxis, as well as various conditions before and after childbirth. Regular consumption nourishes Ying and Wei, and tonifies blood and qi. If other diseases exist, modify according to symptoms.
Dang Gui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix) harmonizes blood. If blood stasis causes stabbing pain like knife cuts, this herb is essential.
Chuan Xiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma) treats wind dispersing Liver wood. If blood deficiency causes headache, this herb is essential.
Bai Shao (Paeoniae Radix Alba) harmonizes blood and regulates Spleen. If deficiency-cold causes abdominal pain, this herb is essential. (Stir-fried with wine).
Shu Di Huang (Rehmanniae Radix Preparata) tonifies blood. If umbilical pain occurs, this herb is essential. (Washed with wine).
Crush the above herbs, use equal parts. Take 4 qian per dose, decoct in water and drink. In Spring, double Chuan Xiong; in Summer, double Bai Shao; in Autumn, double Di Huang; in Winter, double Dang Gui. (Spring generates, Summer grows, Autumn harvests, Winter stores; this is the function of the four seasons in nurturing life. As things follow the four seasons for growth, so do human blood and qi follow the four seasons for ascending and descending. Does Si Wu Tang not have profound intent within it? For instance, Dang Gui's sweet, pungent, warm, and moistening nature resembles the harmony of spring; Chuan Xiong's pungent, warm, and dispersing nature resembles the flourishing of summer; this is the function of growth. But if there is only growth without storage, how can things be accomplished? Hence, Bai Shao's sour astringency achieves autumn, and Shu Di Huang's rich flavor achieves winter; this is the wonder of storage. However, among the four seasons, sweetness corresponds to the virtue of Earth, so the sweetness of Dang Gui and Di Huang harmonizes them; this is the Five Elements' inseparability from Earth. Previously, Haicang said: When using blood-tonifying herbs, one should select one or two from Si Wu Tang; this too has meaning. Thus, to move blood, use Chuan Xiong and Dang Gui to execute the commands of Spring and Summer; to stop bleeding, use Di Huang and Shao Yao to execute the commands of Autumn and Winter; this is the way of ascending and descending. Observing Fo Shou San and Xi Jiao Di Huang Tang, which use only two substances from Si Wu Tang, one can understand this. Nevertheless, substances are merely substances; without a master within, they lose their substance, so what is the purpose of Si Wu Tang? Therefore, Yuan Shen (Primordial Spirit) and Wei Qi (Stomach Qi) are particularly critical.) In Spring, add Fang Feng; Si Wu Tang plus Fang Feng, doubling Chuan Xiong. In Summer, add Huang Qin; Si Wu Tang plus Huang Qin, doubling Bai Shao. In Autumn, add Tian Men Dong; Si Wu Tang plus Tian Men Dong, doubling Di Huang. In Winter, add Gui Zhi; Si Wu Tang plus Gui Zhi, doubling Dang Gui. (This method of doubling embodies the subtle principles of the four seasons. Doubling Dang Gui welcomes Spring Qi, doubling Chuan Xiong welcomes Summer Qi, doubling Bai Shao welcomes Autumn Qi, doubling Di Huang welcomes Winter Qi. Using Dang Gui generates Yang Qi, using Bai Shao generates Yin Qi; both are wonders of ascending and descending. Remember this, remember this.) If blood deficiency causes abdominal pain, slight sweating, and aversion to wind, add Bai Zhu and Gui Zhi to Si Wu Tang, called Abdominal Pain Liu He Tang. If wind causes dizziness, add Qin Jiao and Qiang Huo, called Wind Liu He Tang. If Qi is deficient, causing weakness upon rising and even falling, add Hou Po and Chen Pi, called Qi Liu He Tang (Should one add Qi-draining herbs when Qi is deficient? One should substitute with Ren Shen). If fever and irritability prevent sleep, add Huang Lian and Zhi Zi, called Heat Liu He Tang. If deficiency-cold presents with faint pulse, spontaneous sweating, and difficulty breathing, but normal urination and defecation, add Gan Jiang and Fu Zi, called Cold Liu He Tang. If dampness invades, causing heavy body, weakness, cool skin, and slight sweating, add Bai Zhu and Fu Ling, called Dampness Liu He Tang. If women suffer from bone, tendon, limb, and joint pain, headache with string-taut pulse, and aversion to cold resembling malaria, treat with Wind-Resolving Liu He Tang: Si Wu Tang plus Qiang Huo and Fang Feng. If blood and Qi rush upward, causing fullness and oppression in the heart, abdomen, and hypochondrium, treat with Qi-Regulating Liu He Tang: Si Wu Tang plus Mu Xiang and Bing Lang. If deficiency-cold below the navel causes abdominal pain, and dull pain between the waist and spine, treat with Yan Hu Suo Liu He Tang: Si Wu Tang plus Yan Hu Suo and Ku Lian. If Qi rushes through meridians, causing frequent and heavy menstruation with much lower abdominal pain, double Bai Shao and add Huang Qin. If menstruation is about to start, with severe cramping pain during the period, indicating stagnant blood, add Yan Hu Suo, Ku Lian (crushed, stir-fried until charred), Mu Xiang, and Bing Lang. If women with blood deficiency suffer unbearable cramping pain in the heart and abdomen, remove Di Huang and add Gan Jiang, named Si Shen Tang. To tonify the Lower Origin, add Gan Jiang and Gan Cao. For Qi-knitting pain in the lower abdomen, add Yan Hu Suo. If stabbing pain in the abdomen prevents discharge of lochia, double Dang Gui and Bai Shao. If abdominal pain makes sounds and meridians are unsmooth, add one part Shu Di Huang and half-part Gui Xin. For menstrual pain with lower back pain, add Yun Tai, Niu Xi, Hong Hua, Wu Zhu Yu, and Gan Cao; decoct in water using a silver vessel with Deng Xin, and take hot. If menstrual flow is scanty and sluggish, add Kui Hua decoction, plus Hong Hua and Xue Jian Chou. If menstrual flow is scanty but color is normal, double Shu Di Huang and Dang Gui. If menstrual flow is sudden and profuse, add Huang Qin; if painful, add Huang Lian; in summer, do not remove Huang Qin. If menstrual fluid looks like black bean juice, add Huang Qin and Huang Lian. If menstrual flow is excessive without other symptoms, use Huang Qin Liu He Tang: Si Wu Tang, Huang Qin, and Bai Zhu in equal parts. For continuous dripping of menstrual blood, add dried Ruan Lian Fang (lotus seed pod) stir-fried into the medicine. If menstruation occurs during sexual intercourse, add Chi Shi Zhi, Huang Qin, Rou Gui, Bai Cao Shuang, Ou Jie, Bai Zang Zong Hui, Rou Dou Kou, Dang Gui, Mu Xiang, Long Gu, Bai Fu Ling, Bai Zhu, and Di Yu. If menstruation starts and stops abruptly, or with alternating chills and fever, first administer Xiao Chai Hu Tang to resolve chills and fever, then harmonize with Si Wu Tang. If chills and fever do not subside, do not take Si Wu Tang; this is a transformed syndrome where exterior pathogens remain, rendering it ineffective (One must recognize exterior syndromes and follow proper sequence); treat transformed syndromes according to the previous discussion. For metrorrhagia, add Sheng Di Huang and Pu Huang. If blood is dark and clotted, add Ren Shen and Bai Zhu. If the Blood Viscera are deficient and cold, with excessive bleeding from metrorrhagia, add E Jiao and Ai Ye (Since metrorrhagia is due to deficiency-cold, Ai Ye is added; nowadays people use Jiao and Ai indiscriminately regardless of cold or heat, which is laughable). For irregular menstruation, metrorrhagia, varying amounts, timing, vomiting, and epigastric distension, add Chen Ai and Huang Qin (Epigastric distension requires careful examination). For red and white leukorrhea, use Xiang Gui Liu He Tang: Si Wu Tang plus Gui Zhi and Xiang Fu, each halved. Make Si Wu Tang into fine powder, honey pills, size of wutong seeds, take 30-40 pills with rice water on an empty stomach; effective for leukorrhea in elderly women. For white turbid discharge, add Long Gu, Di Huang, and Dang Gui. For leakage of five colors, grind She Xiang and take with good wine; for bright red, take with warm salted wine water; for leukorrhea, add Rou Gui, Pu Huang, Bai Cao Shuang, Gan Cao, Hei Dou, Bai Zhu, Yan Hu Suo, Bai Jiang, and Long Gu, take with salted wine on an empty stomach; for white leukorrhea, add Bai Long Gu, take with wine. (These are ancient methods; one must thoroughly understand them before following.) For blood accumulation in women, add E Zhu, Jing San Leng, and Gui Gan Qi (stir-fried until smoke ceases) in equal parts. For stagnant menstrual blood and abdominal pain due to blood and Qi, add E Zhu and Guan Gui in equal parts.
Wang Shifu said: Shu Di Huang stagnates blood and cannot relieve pain; better to replace it with Wu Ling Zhi. For blood stasis and blockage, add Tao Ren and Hong Hua. For amenorrhea, add Zhi Ke, Da Huang, Jing Jie, Huang Qin, Qing Pi, Hua Shi, Mu Tong, Qu Mai, Hai Jin Sha, Shan Zhi Zi, and Che Qian Zi (Why use diuretics for amenorrhea? Is it not to guide Qi stagnation in the Lower Jiao?) For blood cold, add Gan Cao, Wu Mei, Chai Hu, and Tao Liu Zhi. For long-term amenorrhea, add Rou Gui, Gan Cao, Huang Qin, Jiang Huang, Zao Zi, Mu Tong, and Hong Hua. For blocked menstruation, add Ye Zhu Gen, Niu Xi, Hong Hua, and Su Mu, decoct with old wine and water. For disharmony of blood and Qi, add Wu Zhu Yu in equal parts, and half amount of Gan Cao. For various deficiencies, add Xiang Fu Zi. Add half liang of Gan Cao to Si Wu Tang, make into fine powder and honey pills, eight pills per liang, decoct half cup of wine and vinegar, dissolve pills in the decoction, named Dang Gui Jian, removes bad blood and generates good blood; take another dose after walking five li, anytime. (Sweetness harmonizes Qi, generates fluids, and nourishes blood; suitable only for Qi deficiency. To regulate Qi, doubling Xiang Fu is best.) For deficiency-heat disease, combine Si Wu Tang with Shen Su Yin, named Bu Xin Tang; add Chai Hu to name Wu Shen Tang, greatly tonifying deficiency and resolving deficiency-heat. For tidal fever, add Huang Qin, Di Gu Pi, and Chai Hu; one formula adds Chai Hu, Gan Ge, Huang Qin, and Ren Shen. For deficiency-heat with dry mouth, add Mai Men Dong and Huang Qin. For deficiency-thirst, add Ren Shen, Gan Ge, Wu Mei, and Gua Lou Gen. For deficiency with excessive sweating, add Mu Li and Ma Huang Gen. For deficiency-chills and fever, add Chai Hu, Di Gu Pi, Bai Zhu, Fu Ling, Gan Cao, Qin Jiao, Zhi Mu, Huang Qin, Mai Ya, Bei Mu, Ren Shen, Wu Mei, and Zao Zi. For swollen and painful limbs unable to move, use Cang Zhu Ge Ban Tang (The pairing with Cang Zhu shows superior insight, but suitable only for dampness). For dry constipation, combine Si Wu Tang with Tiao Wei Cheng Qi Tang equally, named Yu Zhu San. For moistening dryness, use Si Wu Li Zhong Ge Ban Tang. For combined blood and Qi deficiency, combine Si Wu Tang with Si Jun Zi Tang equally, named Ba Zhen Tang; add Su Sha Ren to protect fetal Qi and aid conception; add Huang Qin if heat exists. If wind arises from heat, add Chuan Xiong, Chai Hu, and Fang Feng (If wind arises from heat, one should clear heat; here, clearing depression-heat instead of direct heat-clearing requires mental discernment). For blood-Qi labor, add Jing Jie and Chai Hu (Not treating labor, but moving Liver/Gallbladder blood-Qi stagnation generating heat, similar to using Qing Hao) (The next three sections treat blood-wind, but transformed syndromes differ, and medications vary; one must comprehend mentally). For blood-wind causing knotty pain in both hypochondria or intestinal masses, add Da Huang, Bi Bo, and Ru Xiang. For blood-weakness generating wind, causing limb bi-pain and difficulty walking, add Ren Shen, Ru Xiang, Mo Yao, She Xiang, Gan Cao, Wu Ling Zhi, Qiang Du Huo, Fang Feng, Jing Jie, Di Long, Nan Xing, Fu Zi, and Ze Lan, make into powder and honey pills, take with Mu Gua salted water soup (A wonderful medicine for bi-pain). For blood-wind distension, add Gan Cao, Mu Xiang, Zhi Ke, Ma Dou Ling, Ting Li, Zi Su, Huo Xiang, and Di Huang, take on empty stomach. For organ constipation, add Da Huang and Tao Ren. For loose stools, add Guan Gui and Fu Zi (Using Si Wu Tang for diarrhea is unbelievable to people, but students should know); for vomiting, add Bai Zhu and Ren Shen (One formula includes Sheng Jiang). For persistent vomiting, add Huo Xiang, halve Bai Zhu, and halve Ren Shen again. For retching with inability to eat, add Bai Zhu, Ding Xiang, Gan Cao, Ren Shen, Suo Sha, Yi Zhi Ren, and Hu Jiao (The added herbs for vomiting/retching are appropriate, but are they compatible with Si Wu Tang?). For cough, add Sang Bai Pi, Ban Xia, Ren Shen, Sheng Jiang, Bei Wu Wei Zi, and Gan Cao (Ancients often used Ren Shen and Wu Wei Zi for cough, but verify deficiency/excess before trusting). For chills and fever, add Gan Sheng Jiang, Mu Dan Pi, and Chai Hu. For alternating chills and fever, add Pao Gan Jiang and Mu Dan Pi, each 2.5 fen. For mild chronic deficiency-dizziness, emaciation, fatigue, and amenorrhea, use only Sheng Jiang and Bo He; these are commonly taken by women, being mild in flavor and nature, slow in effect but profound in merit (Xiao Yao San uses Bo He as a guide, implying this). For extreme thirst, add Zhi Mu and Shi Gao. For water retention under the heart with slight vomiting, add Zhu Ling, Fu Ling, and Fang Ji. For heart and abdominal fullness, add Zhi Ke and Qing Pi. For deficiency sweating, add Ma Huang Gen. For excessive sweating, add Fu Mai. For intestinal wind bleeding, add Huai Jiao, Huai Hua, Zhi Ke, Jing Jie, Huang Qin, Da Fu Pi, Qian Cao, Di Yu, Shi Nan Ye, and Bai Ji Guan Hua, make into powder, decoct half, turn remainder into powder, take with salted water and old wine on empty stomach (Old wine is used because new wine is toxic). For epistaxis and hematemesis, add Zhu Qing, Pu Huang, Ou Jie, Ban Xia, Ding Xiang, He Zi, Gui Hua, Hong Zao, Fei Luo Mian, Bai Mao Gen, and Bang Fen (Gui Hua refers to Gui Xin; Gui combined with Ding and Ban treats vomiting/epistaxis; modern people find this difficult, but ancients used it often; keep for reference). For dizziness and stiff neck, add Ren Shen and Huang Qin. For deficiency-cold resembling Shang Han, add Ren Shen, Chai Hu, and Fang Feng. For deficiency-irritability and insomnia, add Zhu Ye and Ren Shen. For pains with dampness, combine Si Wu Tang with Bai Zhu equally (Previously Cang Zhu was used for swollen limbs; here Bai Zhu is used for damp pains; consider this), add Tian Ma, Fu Ling, and Chuan Shan Jia, decoct with wine. For wind-constipation in elderly, add Qing Pi in equal parts (Adding Qing Pi for elderly wind-constipation is unknown to many; also used postpartum). For sores, add Jing Jie, decoct in wine for regular use. For breast abscess, add Lian Qiao, Ci Gu Zi, Qian Cao, Bai Zhi, Jiao Bai, Jing Jie, Niu Xi, Shan Wu Gong, Ru Xiang, Mo Yao, Lou Lu, and Sheng Di Huang. For red eyes and head-wind disease, add Bo He and clear tea. For red eyes with wind, add Fang Feng and Huang Qin. For wind-sores with redness and swelling, add Jing Jie, Niu Bang Zi, He Shou Wu, Gan Cao, Fang Feng, Qiang Huo, Di Huang, and salted wine. For foot swelling, add Da Fu Pi, Chi Xiao Dou, Fu Ling Pi, and Sheng Jiang Pi. If women suffer from Shang Han after sweating/purging, with reduced diet and blood deficiency, add Huang Qi, Bai Zhu, Fu Ling, and Gan Cao; use Ba Wu Tang. If pregnant women suffer from Shang Han/Wind Strike, with exterior deficiency, spontaneous sweating, headache, stiff neck, fever, aversion to cold, and floating-weak pulse (Taiyang channel disease), use Biao Xu Liu He Tang: Si Wu Tang 4 liang, Gui Zhi and Di Gu Pi 7 qian each. If pregnant women suffer from Shang Han, with headache, fever, no sweat, and floating-tight pulse (Taiyang channel disease), use Biao Shi Liu He Tang: Si Wu Tang 4 liang, Ma Huang and Xi Xin 0.5 liang each. If pregnant women suffer from Shang Han with Wind-Damp invasion, causing vexing pain in joints, floating-hot pulse, and headache (Taiyang marked disease), use Feng Shi Liu He Tang: Si Wu Tang 4 liang, Fang Feng and Cang Zhu 7 qian each. If pregnant women suffer from Shang Han after purging, passing the stage without cure, with warm-toxin macules like brocade patterns, use Sheng Ma Liu He Tang: Si Wu Tang 4 liang, Chai Hu and Huang Qin 7 qian each. If pregnant women suffer from Shang Han, with chest/hypochondriac fullness/pain, string-taut pulse, Shaoyang dizziness/stiff neck, use Chai Hu Liu He Tang: Si Wu Tang 4 liang, Chai Hu and Huang Qin 7 qian each. If pregnant women suffer from Shang Han, with hard stool, red urine, fullness, and deep-rapid pulse (Yangming/Taiyang root disease), purge urgently; use Da Huang Liu He Tang: Si Wu Tang 4 liang, Da Huang 0.5 liang, Tao Ren 10 (skin/kernel removed, bran-fried). If pregnant women suffer from Shang Han after sweating/purging, with persistent cough, use Ren Shen Liu He Tang: Si Wu Tang 4 liang, Ren Shen and Wu Wei Zi 0.5 liang each. If pregnant women suffer from Shang Han after sweating/purging, with deficiency-fullness/bloating (Yangming root deficiency), use Hou Po Liu He Tang, also treating cough/wheezing/fullness: Si Wu Tang 4 liang, Hou Po and Zhi Shi (bran-fried) 0.5 liang each. If pregnant women suffer from Shang Han after sweating/purging, with insomnia, use Zhi Zi Liu He Tang: Si Wu Tang 4 liang, Zhi Zi and Huang Qin 0.5 liang each. If pregnant women suffer from Shang Han, with high fever, extreme thirst, vexing heat, and long-large pulse, use Shi Gao Liu He Tang: Si Wu Tang 4 liang, Shi Gao and Zhi Mu 0.5 liang each. If pregnant women suffer from Shang Han, with difficult urination (Taiyang root disease), use Fu Ling Liu He Tang: Si Wu Tang 4 liang, Fu Ling and Ze Xie 0.5 liang each. If pregnant women suffer from Shang Han, with difficult urination (Taiyang root disease), and red urine like blood, use Hu Po Liu He Tang: Si Wu Tang 4 liang, Hu Po and Fu Ling 0.5 liang each. If pregnant women suffer from Shang Han after sweating/purging, with continuous blood leakage and damaged fetal Qi, use Jiao Ai Liu He Tang: Si Wu Tang 4 liang, E Jiao and Ai Ye 0.5 liang each (One formula adds Gan Cao as above; another adds Gan Jiang, Gan Cao, and Huang Qi). If pregnant women suffer from Shang Han, with limb spasms, cool skin with slight sweat, abdominal pain, and deep-slow pulse (Shaoyin disease), use Fu Zi Liu He Tang: Si Wu Tang 4 liang, Fu Zi (roasted, skin/navel removed) and Gui 0.5 liang each. If pregnant women suffer from Shang Han with blood accumulation syndrome, do not use abortifacients; use Si Wu Da Huang Tang: Si Wu Tang 4 liang, Sheng Di Huang and Da Huang (wine-soaked) 0.5 liang each. Si Wu Tang can be combined equally with Ma Huang, Gui Zhi, Bai Hu, Chai Hu, Li Zhong, Si Ni, Zhu Yu, Cheng Qi, Liang Ge, etc., to form half-decoctions; cannot elaborate fully; this is the general principle of Yi Lao's medication. For fetal calming and stopping leakage bleeding, add E Jiao, Da Ai, Gan Cao, and Pu Huang (fried). For restless fetus with continuous bleeding, add 5-7 leaves of Ai Ye per dose, plus Cong Bai, E Jiao powder, and Huang Qi; halve the four main ingredients, use only small amount of Dang Gui. If condition is severe, cut 0.5 liang of each of the four ingredients finely, add 4 cups water, 6 pieces of cooked Ai Ye (egg-sized), 5-7 slices of E Jiao, decoct to 2.5 cups, strain, divide into four doses, finish in one day; one formula adds Fen Cao, Gan Jiang, and Huang Qi, take 2-3 times daily, up to two "La" periods (one La = 7 days); add E Jiao and Ai Ye decocted in water, named Liu Wu Tang, take 1-2 times daily before/during pregnancy; also treats persistent bloody dysentery and unbearable abdominal pain; one formula adds Huang Qi, Bai Ye, E Jiao, Gan Cao, and Xu Duan, treats persistent irregular menstrual flow, varying amounts/colors/timing, effective with prolonged use. For conception-related Small Intestine Qi pain, add Mu Xiang and Hui Xiang. For pre-pregnancy cough, add Zhi Ke, Gan Cao, Kuan Dong, Ma Dou Ling, Ban Xia, Mu Tong, Ting Li Zi, Ren Shen, Jie Geng, and Mai Men Dong. For fetal Qi rushing Liver, causing waist/leg bi-pain and difficulty walking, add Zhi Ke, Mu Tong, Lian Qiao, Jing Jie, Di Huang, Qiang Du Huo, Shan Zhi, Gan Cao, and Deng Xin, take on empty stomach. For pregnancy-related vexation, add a piece of Zhu Ru; if bad blood exists, use Dang Gui from the upper section, replace Bai Shao with Chi Shao, and Shu Di Huang with Sheng Di Huang. For pregnancy nausea/cold, blue face, loss of appetite, and emaciation, add Chen Pi, Zhi Ke, Bai Zhu, Fu Ling, and Gan Cao. For threatened abortion with continuous bleeding, headache, chills/fever, tinnitus, and blood-Qi labor...