金匮越脾汤治风水恶风一身悉肿脉浮不渴续自汗出无大热
麻黄(四钱) 石膏(四钱半) 生姜(二钱) 大枣(二枚) 甘草(二钱)
上 咀水煎作一服恶风加附子古今录验加白术防己伏苓汤治皮水为病四肢肿水气在皮肤
中四肢聂聂动者
防己 黄 桂枝(各三钱) 茯苓(六钱) 甘草(二钱)
上 咀作一服水煎
越脾加术汤治里水 前越脾汤加白术(四钱)
甘草麻黄汤治里水济生云治水肿从腰以上俱肿宜此汗之
甘草(半两) 麻黄(一两)
上 咀水煎作一服
麻黄附子汤治水之为病其脉沉小属少阴
麻黄(三钱) 甘草 附子(各二钱)
上 咀水煎
黄 芍药桂枝苦酒汤治黄汗之为病身体肿发热汗出而渴状如风水脉自沉
黄 (五钱) 芍药 桂枝(各三钱)
上 咀水煎入苦酒相和作一服
按以上诸方并足太阳例药也
仲景十枣汤治水气四肢浮肿上气喘急大小便不通三因方作丸
三花神佑丸
方并见痰饮门
按此并少阴例药也义见痰饮例中
局方神助散治十种水气面目四肢浮肿以手按之随手而起咳嗽喘急不得安卧小便赤涩大便
不利
椒目(一两半) 泽泻 黑牵牛末(各一两) 猪苓(二两) 葶苈(三两)
上为末每服三钱葱白三茎水煎入酒调服
按此太阴例药也
宣明导水丸治湿热肿满
方见湿门
按此阳明例药也
浚川散
方见湿门
大戟散治水肿腹大如鼓或遍身皆肿
大戟 白牵牛末 木香(等分)
上为细末每服三钱以猪腰子一对批开掺药在内烧熟空心食之如食左腰子左臂塌消右消右
如肿不尽于腹绕涂甘遂末饮甘草水少许其肿尽去
按此并出厥阴例药也
葶苈丸治涌水证如溢囊裹里浆或遍身肿满按腹不坚疾行则濯濯有声或喘咳不定、
葶苈(炒) 泽泻 椒目 桑白皮 杏仁(炒) 木猪苓(各半两)
上为末炼蜜为丸如梧子大每二三十丸葱白汤下不拘时以利为度
雄黄神金散
雄黄 葶苈(一两糯米和炒熟去米不用) 泽泻 椒目(减半) 大戟 巴戟 茯苓 芫花
(醋浸一日炒) 甘遂 桑白皮(各一两)
上为末空心用井花水调下每一钱加至五钱以利为度忌盐醋生冷油腻之物从脚肿加葶苈
肚肿加椒目 从阴肿加泽泻 面肿加桑白皮 从四肢肿加茯苓 从心肿根在肋加雄黄
从肢肿根在脾加甘遂 从口肿根在小肠加巴戟 从腰肿根在肾
加大戟 从膝肿根在肝加芫花
按此并太阳例药也宣明论此类方甚多宜选用之东垣续随子丸治肺经有湿通身虚肿
方见湿门
按此手太阴药也出太阳例
三因消肿丸治水肿喘满小便不利
滑石 木通 白术 黑牵牛(炒) 通脱木 茯苓 茯神 半夏 陈皮(各一钱) 木香
瞿麦穗 丁香(各半钱)
上为末酒糊丸梧子大每五十丸灯芯麦门冬汤下按此太阳例药也以上诸方世俗多用之故收
入然行者宜斟量其证轻重深浅寒热选使则不致少有差失也
《金匮》越婢汤，治疗风水病，症见恶风、全身浮肿、脉浮、口不渴、持续自汗出、体表无大热。
麻黄（四钱）、石膏（四钱半）、生姜（二钱）、大枣（两枚）、甘草（二钱）。
以上药材切碎，加水煎煮，分一次服用。若恶风明显，加附子；此方源自《古今录验》，另有加白术、防己、茯苓的变方，用于治疗皮水病。
皮水病表现为四肢浮肿，水气停留在皮肤之中，四肢微微颤动者。
防己、黄芪、桂枝（各三钱）、茯苓（六钱）、甘草（二钱）。
以上药材切碎，加水煎煮，分一次服用。
越婢加术汤，治疗里水病。即在前述越婢汤基础上加白术（四钱）。
甘草麻黄汤，治疗里水病。《济生方》记载此方治疗水肿，若腰部以上全身浮肿，适宜用此方发汗治疗。
甘草（半两）、麻黄（一两）。
以上药材切碎，加水煎煮，分一次服用。
麻黄附子汤，治疗水气为病，其脉象沉小，属于少阴病范畴。
麻黄（三钱）、甘草、附子（各二钱）。
以上药材切碎，加水煎煮。
黄芪芍药桂枝苦酒汤，治疗黄汗病。症状表现为身体浮肿、发热、出汗且口渴，状似风水病，但脉象自沉。
黄芪（五钱）、芍药、桂枝（各三钱）。
以上药材切碎，加水煎煮，加入苦酒（醋）调和，分一次服用。
按：以上各方均符合足太阳经用药的法则。
仲景十枣汤，治疗水气病，症见四肢浮肿、上气喘急、大小便不通。《三因方》将其制成丸剂。
另有三花神佑丸。
这两个方剂详见“痰饮”章节。
按：这些方剂均符合少阴经用药的法则，义理参见“痰饮”例中。
局方神助散，治疗十种水气病，症见面目及四肢浮肿，用手按压后随手而起（凹陷即复），咳嗽喘急，不能安卧，小便赤涩，大便不利。
椒目（一两半）、泽泻、黑牵牛末（各一两）、猪苓（二两）、葶苈子（三两）。
以上研为细末，每次服用三钱，用葱白三茎，加水煎煮，调入酒中服用。
按：此方符合太阴经用药的法则。
宣明导水丸，治疗湿热引起的肿胀胀满。
此方详见“湿门”章节。
按：此方符合阳明经用药的法则。
浚川散。
此方详见“湿门”章节。
大戟散，治疗水肿，腹部大如鼓，或遍身皆肿。
大戟、白牵牛末、木香（等分）。
以上研为细末，每次服用三钱。取猪腰子一对，剖开，将药物掺入其中，烧熟后空腹食用。如果左侧腰子食用后左臂肿胀消退，右侧同理。如果肿胀未完全消除，可在腹部周围涂抹甘遂末，并饮用少许甘草水，则肿胀可尽去。
按：这些方剂均出自厥阴经用药的法则。
葶苈丸，治疗涌水证。症状如同囊袋包裹浆液，或遍身肿满，按压腹部不坚硬，疾走时腹中有濯濯的水声，或喘咳不定。
葶苈子（炒）、泽泻、椒目、桑白皮、杏仁（炒）、木猪苓（各半两）。
以上研为细末，炼蜜为丸，如梧桐子大。每次服用二三十丸，用葱白汤送下，不拘时间，以腹泻为度。
雄黄神金散。
雄黄、葶苈子（一两，与糯米同炒熟后去米不用）、泽泻、椒目（减半）、大戟、巴戟天、茯苓、芫花（醋浸一日后炒）、甘遂、桑白皮（各一两）。
以上研为细末，空腹用井花水调服。每次一钱，逐渐增加至五钱，以腹泻为度。忌食盐、醋、生冷及油腻之物。若从脚部开始肿，加葶苈子；肚肿加椒目；阴部肿加泽泻；面部肿加桑白皮；四肢肿加茯苓；心部肿根在胁肋，加雄黄；肢体肿根在脾，加甘遂；口部肿根在小肠，加巴戟天；腰部肿根在肾，加大戟；膝部肿根在肝，加芫花。
按：这些方剂均符合太阳经用药的法则。《宣明论》中此类方剂很多，宜选用之。
东垣续随子丸，治疗肺经有湿导致的通身虚肿。
此方详见“湿门”章节。
按：此方属手太阴肺经用药，出自太阳经例。
三因消肿丸，治疗水肿、喘满、小便不利。
滑石、木通、白术、黑牵牛（炒）、通脱木、茯苓、茯神、半夏、陈皮（各一钱）、木香、瞿麦穗、丁香（各半钱）。
以上研为细末，用酒糊制作成梧桐子大的丸剂。每次服用五十丸，用灯芯草、麦门冬汤送下。
按：此方符合太阳经用药的法则。以上各方世俗多用，故收录于此。但在临床运用时，应当斟酌病证的轻重、深浅、寒热，选择合适的方剂，以免出现差错失误。
The *Jinkui* Yebi Decoction (Yi Pi Tang, Spleen-Releasing Decoction) treats Wind-Water syndrome, characterized by aversion to wind, generalized edema, floating pulse, absence of thirst, continuous spontaneous sweating, and no significant heat on the body surface.
Ephedrae Herba (Mahuang, 麻黄) (4 qian), Gypsum Fibrosum (Shigao, 石膏) (4.5 qian), Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens (Shengjiang, 生姜) (2 qian), Jujubae Fructus (Dazao, 大枣) (2 pieces), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao, 甘草) (2 qian).
The above herbs are cut into small pieces, decocted in water, and taken as a single dose. If aversion to wind is prominent, add Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata (Fuzi, 附子); this formula originates from *Gu Jin Lu Yan*, with variations adding Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma (Baizhu, 白术), Stephaniae Tetrandrae Radix (Fangji, 防己), and Poria (Fuling, 茯苓) to treat Skin-Water syndrome.
Skin-Water syndrome manifests as edema of the four limbs, with water qi retained within the skin, and slight tremors in the limbs.
Stephaniae Tetrandrae Radix (Fangji, 防己), Astragali Radix (Huangqi, 黄芪), Cinnamomi Ramulus (Guizhi, 桂枝) (3 qian each), Poria (Fuling, 茯苓) (6 qian), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao, 甘草) (2 qian).
The above herbs are cut into small pieces, decocted in water, and taken as a single dose.
Yebi Jia Zhu Tang (Yi Pi Decoction Plus Atractylodes) treats Interior-Water syndrome. It is the aforementioned Yebi Decoction plus Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma (Baizhu, 白术) (4 qian).
Gancao Mahuang Tang (Licorice and Ephedra Decoction) treats Interior-Water syndrome. *Jisheng Fang* records that this formula is suitable for treating edema where swelling is concentrated above the waist; it should be used to induce sweating.
Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao, 甘草) (0.5 liang), Ephedrae Herba (Mahuang, 麻黄) (1 liang).
The above herbs are cut into small pieces, decocted in water, and taken as a single dose.
Mahuang Fuzi Tang (Ephedra and Prepared Aconite Decoction) treats Water-Qi disease where the pulse is deep and fine, belonging to the Shaoyin category.
Ephedrae Herba (Mahuang, 麻黄) (3 qian), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao, 甘草), Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata (Fuzi, 附子) (2 qian each).
The above herbs are cut into small pieces and decocted.
Huangqi Shaoyao Guizhi Kujiu Tang (Astragalus, Peony, and Cinnamon Twig Decoction with Vinegar) treats Yellow-Sweat syndrome. Symptoms include bodily edema, fever, sweating with thirst, resembling Wind-Water syndrome but with a naturally deep pulse.
Astragali Radix (Huangqi, 黄芪) (5 qian), Paeoniae Radix Alba (Shaoyao, 芍药), Cinnamomi Ramulus (Guizhi, 桂枝) (3 qian each).
The above herbs are cut into small pieces, decocted in water, mixed with Kujiu (vinegar), and taken as a single dose.
Note: The above formulas all follow the principles of Foot-Taiyang channel medication.
Zhongjing Shizao Tang (Ten Date Decoction) treats Water-Qi disease characterized by edema of the four limbs, wheezing and急促 breathing, and obstruction of both urination and defecation. *Sanyin Fang* prepares this as pills.
There is also Sanhua Shenyou Wan (Three-Flower Divine Protection Pill).
These formulas are detailed in the "Phlegm-Fluids" section.
Note: These formulas follow the principles of Shaoyin channel medication; their rationale is seen in the "Phlegm-Fluids" examples.
Jufang Shenzhu San (Bureau Formula God-Assisting Powder) treats ten types of Water-Qi diseases, manifesting as edema of the face, eyes, and four limbs, which rebound immediately upon pressure, coughing and wheezing preventing recumbency, dark and scanty urination, and constipation.
Zanthoxyli Semen (Jiaomu, 椒目) (1.5 liang), Alismatis Rhizoma (Zexie, 泽泻), Black Barbary Wolfberry Fruit Powder (Hei Qianniu Mo, 黑牵牛末) (1 liang each), Polyporus (Zhuling, 猪苓) (2 liang), Lepidii Fructus (Tinglizi, 葶苈子) (3 liang).
The above are ground into powder. Each dose is 3 qian, decocted with three stalks of Allium fistulosum (Congbai, 葱白) in water, and taken mixed with wine.
Note: This formula follows the principles of Taiyin channel medication.
Xuanming Dao Shui Wan (Clarifying Guide-to-Water Pill) treats swelling and distension caused by Damp-Heat.
This formula is found in the "Dampness" section.
Note: This formula follows the principles of Yangming channel medication.
Xunchuan San.
This formula is found in the "Dampness" section.
Daji San (Kerria Root Powder) treats edema with an abdomen large as a drum or generalized swelling throughout the body.
Kerriae Radix (Daji, 大戟), White Barbary Wolfberry Fruit Powder (Bai Qianniu Mo, 白牵牛末), Costi Radix (Muxiang, 木香) (equal parts).
The above are ground into fine powder. Each dose is 3 qian. Take one pair of porcine kidneys, slice them open, sprinkle the medicine inside, roast until cooked, and eat on an empty stomach. If eating the left kidney reduces swelling in the left arm, the right side follows similarly. If swelling persists, apply Kansui Radix (Gansui, 甘遂) powder around the abdomen and drink a small amount of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao, 甘草) water, then the swelling will completely resolve.
Note: These formulas originate from the principles of Jueyin channel medication.
Tingli Wan (Lepidium Pill) treats Yong-Shui (Surging Water) syndrome. Symptoms resemble fluid trapped in a sac, or generalized full-body swelling where abdominal pressure is not hard, with gurgling sounds when walking quickly, or irregular coughing and wheezing.
Lepidii Fructus (Tinglizi, 葶苈子, stir-fried), Alismatis Rhizoma (Zexie, 泽泻), Zanthoxyli Semen (Jiaomu, 椒目), Morus Cortex (Sangbaipi, 桑白皮), Apricot Seed (Xingren, 杏仁, stir-fried), Polyporus (Muzhuling, 木猪苓) (0.5 liang each).
The above are ground into powder, mixed with refined honey to form pills the size of wutong seeds. Take 20-30 pills at a time, washed down with Congbai (Allium fistulosum) soup, without fixed timing, stopping when diarrhea occurs.
Xionghuang Shenjin San (Realgar Divine Metal Powder).
Realgar (Xionghuang, 雄黄), Lepidii Fructus (Tinglizi, 葶苈子) (1 liang, stir-fried with glutinous rice until ripe, discard rice), Alismatis Rhizoma (Zexie, 泽泻), Zanthoxyli Semen (Jiaomu, 椒目) (half dose), Kerriae Radix (Daji, 大戟), Morinda Officinalis Radix (Bajitian, 巴戟), Poria (Fuling, 茯苓), Genkwa Flos (Yuanhua, 芫花) (soaked in vinegar for one day, then stir-fried), Kansui Radix (Gansui, 甘遂), Morus Cortex (Sangbaipi, 桑baipi) (1 liang each).
The above are ground into powder. Take on an empty stomach, mixed well-water. Start with 1 qian, gradually increasing to 5 qian, stopping when diarrhea occurs. Avoid salt, vinegar, raw/cold foods, and greasy items. For edema starting from the feet, add Tinglizi; for abdominal swelling, add Jiaomu; for genital swelling, add Zexie; for facial swelling, add Sangbaipi; for limb swelling, add Fuling; for heart/chest swelling rooted in the hypochondrium, add Xionghuang; for limb swelling rooted in the spleen, add Gansui; for oral swelling rooted in the small intestine, add Bajitian; for lumbar swelling rooted in the kidneys, add Daji; for knee swelling rooted in the liver, add Yuanhua.
Note: These formulas all follow the principles of Taiyang channel medication. There are many such formulas in *Xuanming Lun*; select appropriately.
Dongyuan Xu Sui Zi Wan (Xu Sui Zi Pill) treats generalized deficiency-type edema due to dampness in the Lung meridian.
This formula is found in the "Dampness" section.
Note: This formula belongs to the Hand-Taiyang (Lung) channel, originating from the Taiyang example.
Sanyin Xiao Zhong Wan (Sanyin Reducing Swelling Pill) treats edema, wheezing and distension, and difficult urination.
Talcum (Huashi, 滑石), Tectona Grandis Stem (Mutong, 木通), Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma (Baizhu, 白术), Black Barbary Wolfberry Fruit (Hei Qianniu, 黑牵牛, stir-fried), Tectona Grandis Stem (Tongtuomu, 通脱木), Poria (Fuling, 茯苓), Poria Cum Pinellia (Fushen, 茯神), Pinelliae Rhizoma (Banxia, 半夏), Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium (Chenpi, 陈皮) (1 qian each), Costi Radix (Muxiang, 木香), Lychnidis Flos (Qumai Sui, 瞿麦穗), Caryophylli Flos (Dingxiang, 丁香) (0.5 qian each).
The above are ground into powder, mixed with wine paste to form pills the size of wutong seeds. Take 50 pills at a time, washed down with Dengxincao (Juncus effusus) and Ophiopogonis Radix (Mendong, 麦门冬) soup.
Note: This formula follows the principles of Taiyang channel medication. The above formulas are commonly used by the secular world, hence they are included here. However, practitioners should carefully assess the severity, depth, and cold/heat nature of the syndrome to select appropriate treatments, avoiding any errors.