小儿瘴病。多因乳母不与之避寒暑。啖生冷。飧炙煎。致儿聚痰为患。况小儿较之大人。谓
之哑科。以其不能言病情。故难辨别。医者当审谛。闻其声。望其
色。察其举止。看其虎口。参以三症。治法斟酌。其轻重而后药之。可也。如热大不寒振。不作声。
以手重拿合谷。不作声。惟手撑动。热微时亦不作声者。此是 瘴。必不可治。如热大面赤。舌黑
目赤。唇红欲扯瓯碗频含乳。唇红是肺热欲扯瓯碗频含乳是口大渴。上吐下泄。蜷卧或俯卧。手
足指梢冷。是虚欲就实。手足指冷中胃中冷。睡露睛。是脾虚。时时狂叫。或曲腰而啼。是腹痛。虎口
脉通三关。当用附子理中汤治之。服至病减方止。如热大面赤。舌黑目赤。唇红频含乳。不吐大便秘
小便赤。手足指梢不冷。睡不露睛。仰卧时时狂叫。虎口脉通三关。此无虚寒之症。当用正气和
解。参以热疟方法治之。如先寒后热。先热后寒。或间一日发者。或日一发者。此是冷瘴。治当以前。
审病之法用药。庶几可称为幼科之国手。
众人多发瘴时。必须加意保养。晨兴盥漱后。先服平胃散。或不换金正气散。过一刻啖少粥。巳
时早食。申时晚食。夜间服理脾消食丸。药酒少饮不妨。不宜太醉。天气若不常。一日之间。顺其寒燠。
加减衣裳。不食生冷。则脾胃自壮。省食油腻。则胸膈自快。无大忿怒。以伤天和。重节色欲。
以固真气。如此调摄。决保无恙。如秋冬大热。服以降气镇坠药。养正丹。黑锡丹。苏子降气汤。
秘传降气汤。沉香降气汤。选而用之。
小儿瘴病（由山岚瘴气引起的疾病），多因乳母不让孩子躲避寒暑侵袭，给孩子吃生冷食物、烧烤煎炸之物，导致孩子体内痰湿积聚而致病。况且小儿相比成人，被称为“哑科”，因为他们无法诉说病情，所以难以辨别。医生应当仔细审视，听孩子的声音，观察面色，查看举止动作，看虎口指纹，参考三种症状，斟酌治疗方法，判断轻重后用药，才可以。如果高热但无寒战，不出声，用力掐合谷穴仍不出声，只是手部撑动，热势轻微时也不出声的，这是瘴病重症，必定不可治。如果高热面红，舌黑目赤，唇红频繁想含住碗边（表示口渴），上吐下泻，蜷缩卧位或俯卧，手指脚趾梢端发冷，这是虚证欲就实邪（正气虚弱，邪气盛实）；手足指冷说明胃中寒冷；睡觉时眼睛半睁（露睛），是脾虚；时时狂叫，或弯腰啼哭，是腹痛；虎口脉纹透达三关，应当用附子理中汤治疗，服药到病情减轻才停止。如果高热面红，舌黑目赤，唇红频繁含乳，不呕吐，大便秘结，小便色赤，手指脚趾梢端不冷，睡觉不露睛，仰卧时时狂叫，虎口脉纹透达三关，这没有虚寒症状，应当用正气和解法，参考热疟的方法治疗。如果先恶寒后发热，先发热后恶寒，或者隔一天发作一次，或者每天发作一次的，这是冷瘴，治疗应当以前面审病的方法用药，这样才可称为儿科国手。
众人多发瘴病时，必须注意保养。早晨起床洗漱后，先服用平胃散，或不换金正气散。过一刻钟吃少量粥。巳时（上午9-11点）早食，申时（下午3-5点）晚食。夜间服用理脾消食丸。药酒少饮不妨事，不宜喝醉。天气如果不正常，一天之内，顺应寒暖变化，增减衣裳，不吃生冷食物，则脾胃自然强壮；减少油腻饮食，则胸膈自然舒畅；没有大的愤怒以伤害天和之气；节制色欲以固守真气。如此调养摄生，保证平安无事。如秋冬季节出现大热，服用降气镇坠类药物，如养正丹、黑锡丹、苏子降气汤、秘传降气汤、沉香降气汤，选择使用。
Pediatric malarial disease (diseases caused by mountainous miasma) is often due to the wet nurse not shielding the child from cold and heat, feeding the child raw and cold foods, or roasted and fried items, leading to the accumulation of phlegm-dampness in the child's body. Moreover, compared to adults, children are referred to as the "mute department" because they cannot describe their symptoms, making differentiation difficult. Physicians must carefully examine: listen to the child's voice, observe the complexion, inspect movements and behavior, check the tiger-mouth fingerprint, and refer to three key signs. After deliberating on the treatment method and assessing severity, medication can be administered. If there is high fever without chills, silence, and even when pressing heavily on Hegu LI4, there is still no response, only hand movement; if silent even when fever is mild, this indicates severe malarial disease, which is incurable. If there is high fever with a red face, black tongue, red eyes, red lips, frequent desire to hold onto bowl edges (indicating extreme thirst), vomiting and diarrhea, curled-up or prone sleeping position, and cold fingertips/toes, this indicates deficiency with excess pathogen (deficient healthy qi and excess evil); cold fingers/toes indicate cold in the stomach; sleeping with eyes partially open indicates spleen deficiency; constant screaming or crying while bending the waist indicates abdominal pain; if the tiger-mouth pulse extends through all three segments, Fuzi Lizhong Tang (Aconite Decoction for Regulating the Middle) should be used, continuing until symptoms subside. If there is high fever with a red face, black tongue, red eyes, red lips, frequent suckling, no vomiting, constipation, dark urine, warm fingertips/toes, sleeping with eyes closed, supine position with constant screaming, and the tiger-mouth pulse extending through all three segments, there are no deficiency-cold signs. The Zhengqi Hejie (Harmonizing Healthy Qi) method should be used, referring to the treatment principles for heat-type malaria. If chills precede fever, or fever precedes chills, or it occurs every other day, or daily, this is cold malaria. Treatment should follow the previously described diagnostic methods. Only then can one be called a master of pediatrics.
When the general population is prone to malarial diseases, careful maintenance is essential. After rising and washing in the morning, first take Pingwei San (Calm the Stomach Powder) or Buhuanjin Zhengqi San (Golden-Not-Swapped Upright Qi Powder). After a quarter-hour, consume a small amount of porridge. Eat breakfast during Si hour (9-11 AM) and dinner during Shen hour (3-5 PM). At night, take Lipi Xiaoshi Wan (Spleen-Regulating Digestion Pill). Drinking a little medicinal wine is acceptable, but intoxication should be avoided. If weather is erratic, adjust clothing according to temperature changes within the day. Avoiding raw/cold foods strengthens the spleen and stomach naturally; reducing greasy food keeps the chest and diaphragm comfortable; avoiding intense anger preserves heavenly harmony; restraining sexual desires consolidates true qi. With such regulation, safety is guaranteed. In autumn and winter, if excessive heat occurs, use descending and sedating herbs such as Yangzheng Dan (Nourish Righteousness Pill), Heixi Dan (Black Tin Pill), Suzi Jiangqi Tang (Perilla Seed Descending Qi Decoction), Michuan Jiangqi Tang (Secretly Transmitted Descending Qi Decoction), or Chenxiang Jiangqi Tang (Agarwood Descending Qi Decoction), selecting as appropriate.