素问阴阳别论篇曰。一阴一阳结谓之喉痹。一阴指少阴。一阳指少阳。少阳主相火。
少阴主君火。故凡一切风火喉痹。莫不揭重二经主治。而白喉则独以手太阴为本。以
二经为标。盖二经为病。主风火。而太阴为病。主燥气。其有传及他经者。皆非白喉
本有之症。或因循不治。与治不得法。火毒漫延。累及他经也。知其所在。以法治之。
张氏绍修曰。此症当作足三阴受病传至于肺。且引十二经脉足太阴之脉上膈挟咽连
舌本散舌下。足少阴之脉循喉咙挟舌本。足厥阴之脉循喉咙之上入颃颡下络舌本为
证。不知十二经之脉。除足太阳外。其余十一经。皆内循喉咙。不独足三阴也。且
既言足三阴受病。必有足三阴见症。今内经伤寒具在。可复按也。足厥阴为肝。素
问刺热篇曰。肝热病者。小便先黄。腹痛多卧。身热。热争则狂言及惊。胁满疼。
手足躁。不得安卧。而伤寒论厥阴篇提纲。亦言厥阴之为病。消渴气上撞心。心中
疼热。饥而不欲食。食则吐蛔。今白喉初起。有是候乎。足少阴为肾。刺热篇曰。
肾热病者。先腰痛 。苦渴数饮。身热。热争则项痛而强。 寒且酸。足下热。
不欲言。其逆则头痛员员澹澹然。而伤寒论足少阴篇提纲。亦言少阴之为病。脉微
细。但欲寐。今白喉初起。又有是候乎。足太阴为脾。刺热篇曰。脾热病者。先头
重。颊痛烦心。颜青欲呕。身热。热争则腰痛不可用俯仰。腹满泄。两颔痛。而伤
寒论足太阴篇提纲。亦言足太阴之为病。腹满而吐。食不下。自利益甚。时腹自
痛。今白喉初起。又有是症乎。既无是症。其不得妄指为足三阴明矣。唯刺热篇肺
热病一条。所列之候。与白喉初起。一一吻合。（详下症治第一条）而一阴一阳结为喉痹。亦为古
来治喉家所自祖。圣训昭然。不知征引。反凭虚悬揣。以毫无关涉之足三阴当之。
或泛言肺肾。或言胃热肠寒。愈去愈远。甚矣着书之难也。此症于初起时认明三经
脉候。有无兼症。对病用药。未有不应手奏效者。即已误治。传及他经。亦须细心
察验。确知何经见症。治以何经之药。未必不可斡旋也。
《素问·阴阳别论篇》说：“一阴一阳结，谓之喉痹。”其中，“一阴”指的是少阴经（肾经），“一阳”指的是少阳经（胆经）。少阳经主管相火（寄居于胆与三焦的命门之火），少阴经主管君火（心火）。因此，凡是各种由风火引起的喉痹病证，无不以这两条经络的治疗为主。然而，白喉则以手太阴肺经为本，以少阴、少阳二经为标。这是因为少阴、少阳二经致病主要涉及风火，而太阴经致病主要涉及燥气。如果病情传变到其他经络，那都不是白喉原本的症状，而是因为拖延不治或治疗方法不当，导致火毒蔓延，牵连其他经络所致。只要明确病变所在的经络，采用相应的法治之，就能取得疗效。
张氏绍修认为，此症应当是足三阴经（肝、脾、肾）受病并传变至肺。他引用《灵枢·经脉》中关于足太阴脾经“上膈挟咽，连舌本，散舌下”，足少阴肾经“循喉咙，挟舌本”，足厥阴肝经“循喉咙之后，上入颃颡，连目系，下络舌本”作为证据。但他不知道十二经脉中，除了足太阳膀胱经外，其余十一条经脉都内行经过喉咙，并不只是足三阴经如此。况且，既然说是足三阴经受病，就必然会出现足三阴经的症状表现，现在《内经》和《伤寒论》都在那里，可以重新查阅验证。
足厥阴经对应肝脏，《素问·刺热篇》说：肝热病患者，首先小便发黄，腹痛，嗜睡，身体发热；邪正相争时则胡言乱语甚至惊厥，胁部胀满疼痛，手足躁动不安，无法安稳躺卧。而《伤寒论·厥阴病篇》的提纲也指出，厥阴病的症状是口渴想喝水，气向上冲撞心脏，心中疼痛且有灼热感，虽然饥饿却不想吃东西，吃了就会吐出蛔虫。现在的白喉初起时，有这些症状吗？
足少阴经对应肾脏，《刺热篇》说：肾热病患者，首先腰痛，苦于口渴且频繁饮水，身体发热；邪正相争时则颈项疼痛且僵硬，恶寒且酸痛，脚心发热，不想说话。如果病情逆传，则出现头晕目眩、昏沉不适的感觉。而《伤寒论·少阴病篇》的提纲也指出，少阴病的症状是脉象微细，只想睡觉。现在的白喉初起时，又有这些症状吗？
足太阴经对应脾脏，《刺热篇》说：脾热病患者，首先头重，脸颊痛，心烦，面色发青，想呕吐，身体发热；邪正相争时则腰部疼痛不能俯仰，腹部胀满腹泻，两侧下颌疼痛。而《伤寒论·太阴病篇》的提纲也指出，足太阴病的症状是腹部胀满且呕吐，饮食不下，自发性腹泻日益加重，时常腹部自发疼痛。现在的白喉初起时，又有这些症状吗？
既然没有上述症状，那么妄称其为足三阴经的病证显然是错误的。只有《刺热篇》中关于肺热病的一条记载，所列出的症状与白喉初起的症状一一吻合。（详见下文症治第一条）而且，“一阴一阳结为喉痹”也是自古以来治疗喉科疾病所遵循的根本原则，经典教诲清晰明白，如果不加引用，反而凭借虚无的揣测，将毫无关联的足三阴经强加于此，或者泛泛地谈论肺肾，或者说胃热肠寒，这就离真相越来越远了，著书立说真是难啊！此症在初起时，若能认清这三条经脉（手太阴、足少阴、足少阳）的脉候，辨别有无兼夹症状，针对病证用药，没有不立刻见效的。即使已经误治，导致病邪传变到其他经络，也必须细心查验，确切知道是哪条经络出现了症状，使用哪条经络的药物进行治疗，未必不能挽回局面。
The *Suwen: Treatise on the Differences of Yin and Yang* states: "When one Yin and one Yang are knotted, it is called Hou Bi (throat obstruction)." Here, "one Yin" refers to the Shaoyin channel (Kidney channel), and "one Yang" refers to the Shaoyang channel (Gallbladder channel). The Shaoyang channel governs Xianghuo (Ministerial Fire, residing in the Gallbladder and Sanjiao), while the Shaoyin channel governs Junhuo (Monarch Fire, Heart Fire). Therefore, for all types of Hou Bi caused by Wind-Fire, treatment primarily focuses on these two channels. However, Baihou (White Throat) takes the Hand-Taiyin Lung channel as its root and the Shaoyin and Shaoyang channels as its branch. This is because diseases of the Shaoyin and Shaoyang channels are mainly related to Wind-Fire, whereas diseases of the Taiyin channel are mainly related to Dryness-Qi. If the condition spreads to other channels, these are not original symptoms of Baihou but result from delayed treatment or improper therapeutic methods, causing Fire-Toxin to spread and affect other channels. By identifying the affected channel and applying corresponding treatments, efficacy can be achieved.
Zhang Shaoxiu argues that this disease originates in the Foot-Sanyin channels (Liver, Spleen, Kidney) and transmits to the Lung. He cites the *Ling shu: Channels* regarding the Foot-Taiyin Spleen channel ("ascending through the diaphragm, flanking the pharynx, connecting with the root of the tongue, and spreading under the tongue"), the Foot-Shaoyin Kidney channel ("following the throat, flanking the root of the tongue"), and the Foot-Jueyin Liver channel ("following behind the throat, entering the nasopharynx, connecting with the eye system, and linking below to the root of the tongue") as evidence. However, he fails to realize that among the twelve main channels, except for the Foot-Taiyang Bladder channel, the remaining eleven all pass internally through the throat, not just the Foot-Sanyin channels. Furthermore, if it were indeed a disease of the Foot-Sanyin channels, there must be symptoms characteristic of these channels. Both the *Neijing* and the *Shanghan Lun* are available for verification.
The Foot-Jueyin channel corresponds to the Liver. The *Suwen: Acupoint Heat Treatment Chapter* states: In Liver Heat disease, urination turns yellow first, accompanied by abdominal pain, lethargy, and fever. During the struggle between pathogen and healthy Qi, there may be delirium,惊厥 (convulsions), distension and pain in the hypochondrium, restlessness of the hands and feet, and inability to lie down comfortably. The outline of the Jueyin Disease chapter in the *Shanghan Lun* also states that Jueyin disease involves thirst with desire to drink, Qi rushing up to strike the heart, pain and heat sensation in the heart region, hunger without desire to eat, and vomiting roundworms upon eating. Do such symptoms appear at the onset of Baihou?
The Foot-Shaoyin channel corresponds to the Kidney. The *Acupoint Heat Treatment Chapter* states: In Kidney Heat disease, lower back pain occurs first, followed by bitter thirst with frequent drinking, fever. During the struggle between pathogen and healthy Qi, there is neck pain and stiffness, aversion to cold with soreness, heat in the soles of the feet, and reluctance to speak. If the condition reverses, dizziness and vertigo occur. The outline of the Shaoyin Disease chapter in the *Shanghan Lun* also states that Shaoyin disease presents with a faint and fine pulse and a desire only to sleep. Do such symptoms appear at the onset of Baihou?
The Foot-Taiyin channel corresponds to the Spleen. The *Acupoint Heat Treatment Chapter* states: In Spleen Heat disease, heaviness of the head occurs first, along with cheek pain, mental restlessness, bluish complexion, nausea, and fever. During the struggle between pathogen and healthy Qi, there is severe lower back pain preventing flexion and extension, abdominal fullness, diarrhea, and pain in both mandibles. The outline of the Foot-Taiyin Disease chapter in the *Shanghan Lun* also states that Foot-Taiyin disease involves abdominal fullness and vomiting, inability to ingest food, spontaneous diarrhea worsening over time, and spontaneous abdominal pain. Do such symptoms appear at the onset of Baihou?
Since these symptoms are absent, it is clearly erroneous to attribute the disease to the Foot-Sanyin channels. Only the entry on Lung Heat disease in the *Acupoint Heat Treatment Chapter*, with its listed symptoms, matches those of early-stage Baihou exactly (see Symptom and Treatment Item 1 below). Moreover, "One Yin and One Yang knotted causing Hou Bi" has been the foundational principle for treating throat diseases since ancient times. The classic teachings are clear. Ignoring them and instead relying on baseless speculation to force the unrelated Foot-Sanyin channels into diagnosis, or vaguely discussing Lung-Kidney issues, or claiming Stomach Heat and Intestine Cold, moves further away from the truth. Writing medical texts is indeed difficult! For this disease, if the pulse patterns of these three channels (Hand-Taiyin, Foot-Shaoyin, Foot-Shaoyang) are identified at the onset, and any concurrent symptoms are distinguished before prescribing medication based on the specific disease, success is almost guaranteed. Even if misdiagnosed initially and the pathogen has transmitted to other channels, careful examination to determine which channel shows symptoms and using medications targeting that channel can still potentially reverse the situation.