蝉蜕、蛇退、人退、凤退(各用醋炒) 蚕退(焙干)
以上俱为细末,等分,和匀,又用童便、姜汁炒
之,收贮听用。每大拨云主药一钱,加退末一分。
火批(七分) 风批(三分) 冰片(二分) 朱砂 雄黄
(各半分) 琥珀(半分) 硼砂(半分) 石决明(三分)
共和匀,点一切昏暗等眼如神。
夫疗眼疾,先以内障为主。内障黑白分明,而瞳
人之间则昏。外障有翳膜,凡观翳膜,平见三光者可
治;如疔翳不见三光不治;如滑翳浓膜,点三、四
次,觉翳转色者可治;如专用铜匙掠翳,不可许他
速效。
凡点火眼,只点大、小眼角,不可点在珠上;如
点翳膜,必要点珠。如点风烂弦眼,只点眼皮外;如
点重翳,必须满眼俱点。要久闭,必待药力行尽方开,
若睁不开,再闭良久,清水掠去渣,随即又点。每
日点十余次。觉翳发眼肿,只管攻点,切莫惧怕,只
待翳化无形为则。如翳薄用药少些,只点大、小
角,白珠、黑珠替换点之;如疼只点风批内障药数次,
其疼即止,再用点翳点之;倘翳重用忠字号药,轻则
信字号药。诸字号配法,俱在前后三七;加减,
在人心上以活法调度用。大凡点翳眼,其翳将尽,重
药内加清珠药,以防伤珠,如点浮云,亦用些清珠药
固珠甚美。但重批是木 ,不可久兑;风火批亦
不可多兑,久则药性缓矣。但升打之批,久放无碍,
亦要常晒,恐生潮润。若点内障火眼等症,泪出不能
受药,须仰面点之,若有风粟 子,不可针挑灯草
打洗,须用冬桑叶水洗之,翻转眼皮点之。如点火
眼,先以手按额上,如冷,用葱、姜捣打之冷汗出,
点药更美。如患眼十年者,亦可治。只要瞳人在,
凡事俱在临时机变,看人老少虚实加减用药,内服、
外点夹攻,无有不愈者也。点发眼药,忠、信二号用
扁簪,孝、弟二号用圆簪点之。大凡内外翳瘴膜,看
绿者、蓝者、大者、小者、白者、红黄者、死者,
以三光辨之。如不见三光者,不治之症;但见三光者,
皆可治。
蝉蜕、蛇退皮、人退皮(指人的头发或指甲等,此处依古籍语境多指发或甲,暂保留原词)、凤退(指凤凰羽或相关代用品,依古籍语境保留),各用醋炒制;蚕退(即蚕沙或蚕蜕,依语境多为蚕沙或蜕,此处保留原词)焙干。
以上药材均研磨成细粉,按等分比例混合均匀,再用童便(儿童尿液)、姜汁炒制后,收藏备用。每次使用主药“大拨云”一钱,加入上述退末一分。
火批方(含七分成分)、风批方(含三分成分)、冰片(二分)、朱砂、雄黄(各半分)、琥珀(半分)、硼砂(半分)、石决明(三分)。将以上药物共同研磨混合均匀,点眼治疗各种目昏暗等症状,效果神奇。
治疗眼疾,首先以内障为主。内障表现为黑白分明,但瞳孔之间视物昏花。外障则有翳膜覆盖。凡是观察翳膜,若平视时能看见三光(日、月、星或灯烛之光)的,可以治疗;如果是疔翳导致看不见三光的,则无法治疗;如果是滑翳伴有浓密膜状物的,点药三到四次后,感觉翳色发生转变的,可以治疗;如果专门用铜匙刮除翳膜,不可期望有迅速见效的效果。
凡是治疗火眼(急性结膜炎等热性眼病),只点在内外眼角,不可直接点在黑眼球(珠)上;如果是治疗翳膜,必须点在黑眼球上。如果是治疗风烂弦眼(眼睑边缘溃烂),只点在眼皮外部;如果是治疗重翳(厚翳),必须满眼都点。要点眼后长时间闭眼,必须等到药力完全发挥后才睁开,如果睁不开,再闭眼很久,用清水洗去药渣,随即再次点药。每天点十多次。如果觉得翳膜加重或眼睛肿胀,只管继续点药,切勿害怕,只要等到翳膜化为无形为止。如果翳膜较薄,用药量少些,只点在内外眼角,在白眼球和黑眼球之间交替点药;如果疼痛,只点几次风批内障药,疼痛即可停止,然后再点治翳的药;如果翳膜严重,使用“忠”字号药,轻微则使用“信”字号药。各种字号的配法,都在前后的三七方中记载;加减运用,在于医者灵活调度。大凡点治翳膜眼病,当翳膜即将去除时,在重药中加入清珠药,以防损伤黑眼球;如果是治疗浮云翳,也使用一些清珠药来保护黑眼球,效果很好。但是火批方含有木质成分,不可久存混合;风火批方也不可过多混合,时间久了药性会变缓。但是经过升华打制过的批方,久放无碍,也要经常晾晒,恐怕受潮润湿。如果是治疗内障、火眼等症状,流泪多不能耐受药物,须仰面点药;如果有风粟子(眼睑内颗粒状增生),不可用针挑或用灯草蘸水洗,须用冬桑叶水洗之,翻转眼皮点药。如果是治疗火眼,先用手按压额头,如果感觉冷,用葱、姜捣碎敷之,待冷汗出后,点药效果更好。如果患眼病十年,也可以治疗。只要瞳孔还在,凡事都要根据临时的机变,看患者老少虚实来加减用药,内服与外点结合攻治,没有不痊愈的。点发眼药,“忠”、“信”二号用扁簪点,“孝”、“弟”二号用圆簪点。大凡内外翳瘴膜,观察其颜色是绿、蓝、白、红黄还是死色,大小如何,以能否看见三光来辨别。如果看不见三光的,是不治之症;但只要能看见三光的,都可以治疗。
Cicada slough (Chantui), snake slough (Shetui), human slough (Rentui, likely referring to hair or nails in this context), and phoenix slough (Fengtui, likely a substitute material) are each stir-fried with vinegar. Silkworm slough (Canhui, likely silkworm frass or cast skin) is baked until dry.
All the above materials are ground into fine powder, mixed equally, and then stir-fried with child's urine (Tongbian) and ginger juice (Jiangzhi). Store for later use. For each qian (approx. 3-5g) of the main "Da Bo Yun" medicine, add one fen (approx. 0.3-0.5g) of the slough powder.
Huo Pi formula (7 parts), Feng Pi formula (3 parts), Borneol (Bingpian, 2 parts), Cinnabar (Zhusha), Realgar (Xionghuang) (each 0.5 part), Amber (Hupo, 0.5 part), Borax (Pengsha, 0.5 part), and Hematite/Oyster Shell (Shijueming, 3 parts). Grind and mix these uniformly. Apply to the eyes to treat various conditions of dim vision with miraculous effect.
In treating eye diseases, internal cataracts (Neizhang) should be addressed first. Internal cataracts present with clear distinction between the white and black parts of the eye, but vision through the pupil is blurred. External obstructions (Waizhang) involve the presence of nebulae (Yi). When observing the nebula, if the patient can see the "Three Lights" (Sun, Moon, Stars/Lamps) when looking straight ahead, it is treatable; if the Ding nebula prevents seeing the Three Lights, it is untreatable; if there is a slippery nebula with thick membrane, after applying drops three or four times, if the color of the nebula changes, it is treatable; if copper spoons are used specifically to scrape off the nebula, do not expect rapid results.
When treating Fire Eye (Huoyan, acute inflammatory eye disease), apply only to the inner and outer canthi, never directly on the cornea/black eyeball (Zhu); however, when treating nebulae, application must be on the cornea. For Wind-induced ulcerative blepharitis (Feng Lan Xian Yan), apply only to the external eyelid; for heavy/thick nebulae (Zhong Yi), apply throughout the entire eye area. The eyes must remain closed for a long time after application, only opening once the medicinal effect has fully taken hold. If unable to open, keep closed for a long while longer, rinse away residue with clear water, and reapply immediately. Apply more than ten times daily. If the nebula appears to worsen or the eye swells, continue applying without fear, until the nebula dissolves completely. If the nebula is thin, use less medicine, applying only to the canthi, alternating between the sclera/white part and the cornea/black part. If there is pain, apply the Feng Pi internal cataract medicine several times to stop the pain, then proceed to apply nebula-treating drops. If the nebula is severe, use the "Zhong" (Loyal) series medicine; if mild, use the "Xin" (Trustworthy) series medicine. The preparation methods for all series are recorded in the preceding and following "San Qi" formulas. Dosage adjustments depend on the physician's flexible judgment. Generally, when the nebula is nearly resolved, add Qing Zhu (Clear Cornea) medicine to the heavy formula to prevent damage to the cornea; for floating cloud nebulae, using some Qing Zhu medicine to protect the cornea is also excellent. However, the Huo Pi formula contains woody components and should not be stored mixed for long periods; the Feng Huo Pi formula should not be mixed in large quantities either, as prolonged storage will slow its efficacy. Formulas processed by sublimation can be stored for a long time without issue, but should be dried regularly to prevent moisture. For internal cataracts or Fire Eye where excessive tearing prevents tolerance of the drops, apply while the head is tilted back. If there are millet grains (Feng Su Zi, granular hyperplasia inside the eyelid), do not pick with needles or wash with rush grass; instead, wash with winter mulberry leaf water and apply drops after turning the eyelid inside out. To treat Fire Eye, press the forehead with hand first; if cold, apply crushed green onion and ginger to induce cold sweat, which enhances the effect of the drops. Even eye diseases lasting ten years can be treated, provided the pupil remains intact. Treatment requires flexibility based on the patient's age and deficiency/excess patterns, combining internal medication with external drops. There is no case that cannot be cured. For applying drops to cause discharge ("Fa Yan"), use flat applicators for "Zhong" and "Xin" series, and round applicators for "Xiao" and "Di" series. Regarding internal and external nebulae and membranes, observe their color (green, blue, white, red-yellow, or dead/dull) and size, and determine prognosis by the ability to see the Three Lights. Inability to see the Three Lights indicates an untreatable condition; visibility of the Three Lights indicates treatability.