论肺火心火胃火肝火肾水
，天师曰∶抑治者，抑之使不旺也。或泻其肺中之火，或遏其心中之焰，或止其胃中之气，或平其肝
木之盛是也。此四经最多火而最难治。肺经之火，散之则火愈甚，抑之反胜于散之矣。盖肺经之气实，则成
顽金，顽金非火不炼，然而肺乃娇脏，终不可以炼法治之，故用抑之之法。方用山豆根一钱，百部一钱，青
黛一钱，黄芩一钱，天花粉二钱，桑白皮一钱，水煎服。（〔批〕养肺汤。）此方专抑肺金之气。而又
不伤气，则肺金有养，自然安宁。倘全以寒凉之药降之，则又不可。盖肺乃娇脏，可轻治而不可重施，以轻
清下降之味少抑其火。则胃气不升，心火少敛，肺经 炼，必成完器，又何必用大散之药哉。
心中之焰，非黄连不可遏，徒用黄连而不如泻木之品，则火虽暂泻而又旺。方用黄连一钱，柴胡
一钱，白芍三钱，菖蒲一钱，半夏一钱治之。此方用泻肝之药多于泻心，母衰则子自弱，必然之理。设不
用泻木之药，而纯用泻心之黄连，则黄连性燥，转动心火，此所以心肝必须同治也。
胃中之气有余，必且久变为热。人以为我能食冷，乃气之有余也。我能消食，乃脾之健旺也。我能不
畏天寒，此肾之有余也。谁知胃气之有余，本之肾水之不足，一遇风寒袭之，夏暑犯之，非变为消渴
之症，必成为痿废之人。必须平日用大剂六味地黄丸吞服，自然气馁而火息，胃平而热除也。无知世人不
信，自号曰强，不肯多服，又托言我不能吞丸药，下咽则吐，不听仁人之语，因循不服，及至火病，则
日快与我用竹叶石膏汤，晚矣。吾今立一方为汤药，省其不可吞服丸药。方用元参三钱，熟地五钱，麦冬
三钱，北五味
一钱，山茱萸三钱，山药三钱，丹皮一钱，天花粉八分，水煎服。此方乃平胃火之圣药，妙在补肾补肺补
肝，全不纯去平胃。中州安泰，岂有阻滞抑郁之理，自然挽输有路，搬运无虞，上不凌铄肺金，下不侵克
脾土，旁不关害肝木。一方之中，众美备臻，又何患胃火之上腾哉。至于胃火既旺，或丸药原有艰难之道，
世人不知，予并发明之。盖人之胃口，虽是胃土主事，其实必得肾水上滋，则水道有路，粮食搬运而无阻
隔之虞。今胃火既盛，水仅可自救于肾宫，又安能上升于咽喉口舌之间，况丸药又是硬物，原非易得下喉，
此所以不肯服，非天性不能服也。如反胃之病，食入反出，非明验欤。无肾水之人，无食以下喉，犹然吐
出，盖胃中无肾水以润故耳。彼无肾水冲上，尚不能入于胃中，况又有胃火之盛，无肾水之润者，无怪乎
到口难咽也。
肝木之盛，抑之之法，必须和解。然和解之中而不用抑之之法，则火愈盛，木愈旺矣。方用白芍五钱，
甘草一钱，炒栀子三钱，当归二钱，白芥子一钱，柴胡一钱，荆芥一钱，泽泻一钱，水煎服。（〔批〕散风
汤。）此方用柴、荆以散肝木之气。
更妙用白芍、栀子以清肝木之火，火去而木衰，此善于抑之也。
张公曰∶抑治法，说得如此透辟，不刊之书，益信然也。
肾中之水，有火则安，无火则泛。倘人过于入房，则水去而火亦去，久之水虚而火亦虚，水无
可藏之地，则必上泛而为痰矣。治之法，欲抑水之下降，必先使火之下温，法当仍以补水之中，而用火热
之药，使水足以制火，而火足以生水，则水火有相得之美也。方用熟地三两，山茱萸一两，肉桂三钱，茯
苓一两，北五味一钱，牛膝三钱，水煎服。一剂而痰即下行，二剂而痰消无迹矣。盖肉桂乃补肾中火
之圣药。倘止用之以温命门，水亦可以下降。然而，不补其肾宫之水则肾宫匮乏，水归而房舍空虚，难
以存活，仍然上泛，故必用补水以补火也。方用熟地、山茱，纯是补水之药，而牛膝又是引下之绝品。
水有火之温，又有水之养，又有引导之使。自安然而无泛上之理也。
天师说：所谓“抑治法”，就是抑制邪气，使其不致亢盛。具体而言，或是清泻肺中的火热，或是遏制心中的炎焰，或是平抑胃中的逆气，或是平息肝木的过盛。这四条经络最容易产生火邪，也最难治疗。肺经的火邪，如果用发散的方法治疗，火势反而会更旺；用抑制的方法，效果反而比发散更好。因为肺经之气如果实盛，就会变成“顽金”（坚硬难治之金），而顽金必须经过火的锻炼才能成器。然而，肺是娇脏，终究不能用直接炼治的方法来对待它，所以采用抑制的方法。方剂使用山豆根一钱，百部一钱，青黛一钱，黄芩一钱，天花粉二钱，桑白皮一钱，加水煎服。（批注：养肺汤。）这个方子专门抑制肺金之气，同时又不损伤正气，这样肺金得到滋养，自然安宁。如果完全用寒凉的药物来降火，那就不行了。因为肺是娇脏，只适合轻清的治疗，不适合重剂施治。用轻清下降的药味稍微抑制一下火邪，那么胃气就不会上逆，心火也会稍微收敛，肺经得到温和的锻炼，必然成为完好的脏器，又何必用大剂量的发散药物呢？
心中的炎焰，非黄连不能遏制。但如果只用黄连，不如配合使用疏泄肝木的药物，否则火邪虽然暂时被泻下，但很快又会旺盛起来。方剂使用黄连一钱，柴胡一钱，白芍三钱，石菖蒲一钱，半夏一钱来治疗。这个方子中用于泻肝的药物多于泻心的药物，根据“母衰则子自弱”（肝为心之母，肝气衰弱则心火自弱）的道理，这是必然的规律。如果不使用泻肝木的药物，而纯粹使用泻心的黄连，由于黄连性燥，反而会煽动心火，这就是为什么心和肝必须同治的原因。
胃中的气有余，时间久了必然会变为热证。人们认为自己能吃冷食，是因为胃气有余；能消化食物，是因为脾脏健旺；不畏寒冷，是因为肾脏有余。谁又能知道，胃气的有余，根本原因在于肾水的不足。一旦遇到风寒侵袭，或夏暑侵犯，不是转变为消渴症，就是成为痿废之人。因此，平时必须服用大剂量的六味地黄丸，自然会使胃气平和而火息止，胃功能平稳而热除。无知的世人不相信，自恃身体强壮，不肯多服药，又借口说自己不能吞服丸药，咽下去就会吐出来，不听仁人君子的劝告，拖延不服药。等到患上火病时，才每天请求我用竹叶石膏汤治疗，那就太晚了。我现在设立一个汤药剂型，以解决患者无法吞服丸药的问题。方剂使用玄参三钱，熟地黄五钱，麦冬三钱，北五味子一钱，山茱萸三钱，山药三钱，牡丹皮一钱，天花粉八分，加水煎服。这个方子是平抑胃火的圣药，妙处在于它通过补肾、补肺、补肝来调理，完全不单纯地去平抑胃火。中焦脾胃安泰，怎么会有阻滞抑郁的道理呢？自然气血运行有路，搬运无阻，上面不会凌驾灼伤肺金，下面不会侵克脾土，旁边也不会关害肝木。一方之中，各种功效兼备，又何须担心胃火上腾呢？至于胃火已经旺盛，或者丸药原本就有难以服用的情况，世人不知道其中的道理，我在此一并阐明。人的胃口，虽然是胃土主管事务，但实际上必须得到肾水的上滋，水道才有路径，粮食搬运才没有阻隔的忧虑。现在胃火既已盛大，肾水仅能自救于肾宫，又怎么能上升滋润咽喉口舌之间呢？况且丸药又是硬物，本来就不容易下喉，这就是为什么不愿意服用，并非天性不能服用。比如反胃的病，食物吃进去又吐出来，不就是明证吗？没有肾水的人，连食物都难以送下喉咙，即使送下去也会被吐出，这是因为胃中没有肾水来润湿的缘故。那些没有肾水上冲滋润的人，尚且不能将食物入胃，何况又有旺盛的胃火，缺乏肾水滋润的情况，难怪食物到口也难以吞咽。
肝木的过盛，抑制的方法，必须采用和解之法。然而在和解之中如果不使用抑制的方法，火势就会更盛，肝木就会更旺。方剂使用白芍五钱，甘草一钱，炒栀子三钱，当归二钱，白芥子一钱，柴胡一钱，荆芥一钱，泽泻一钱，加水煎服。（批注：散风汤。）这个方子使用柴胡、荆芥来疏散肝木之气。更巧妙的是使用白芍、栀子来清泄肝木之火，火邪去除则肝木衰败，这才是善于运用抑制之法。
张公说：抑治法的论述说得如此透彻明晰，是不可刊印删改的经典之作，更加令人信服。
肾中的水，有火制约就安稳，没有火制约就会泛滥。如果有人过度房事，那么水去的同时火也随之离去，久而久之，水虚而火也虚，水没有了可以藏纳的地方，就必然向上泛溢而形成痰饮。治疗的方法，想要抑制水的下行泛滥，必须先使下面的火温暖起来。方法应当还是在补水之中，加入火热的药物，使水足以制约火，而火足以生助水，这样水火就能相得益彰。方剂使用熟地黄三两，山茱萸一两，肉桂三钱，茯苓一两，北五味子一钱，牛膝三钱，加水煎服。服用一剂后痰即下行，两剂后痰消无影无踪。因为肉桂是补肾中火的圣药。如果只用它来温煦命门，水也可以下降。然而，如果不补充肾宫的水，肾宫就会匮乏，水归位后房舍空虚，难以存活，仍然会上泛，所以必须用水来补火。方中使用熟地黄、山茱萸，纯是补水的药物，而牛膝又是引药下行的绝佳品种。水有火的温暖，又有水的滋养，还有引导的使者。自然安然无恙，没有上泛的道理。
Discussion on Lung Fire, Heart Fire, Stomach Fire, Liver Fire, and Kidney Water
The Heavenly Master said: The method of "Repression Treatment" (Yi Zhi Fa) refers to suppressing pathogenic factors so that they do not become hyperactive. Specifically, it involves purging the fire in the Lungs, restraining the flames in the Heart, calming the rebellious Qi in the Stomach, or pacifying the excess of Liver Wood. These four meridians are most prone to generating fire and are also the most difficult to treat. For fire in the Lung meridian, if dispersing methods are used, the fire will intensify; using repression yields better results than dispersal. This is because when Qi in the Lung meridian is excessive, it becomes "stubborn Metal" (Wan Jin), which requires fire to refine it into a useful vessel. However, the Lung is a delicate organ (Jiao Zang) and cannot ultimately be treated with direct refining methods; therefore, the method of repression is employed. The prescription uses *Shan Dou Gen* (Radix Sophorae Tonkinensis) 1 qian, *Bai Bu* (Rhizoma Stemona) 1 qian, *Qing Dai* (Indigo Naturalis) 1 qian, *Huang Qin* (Radix Scutellariae) 1 qian, *Tian Hua Fen* (Radix Trichosanthis) 2 qian, and *Sang Bai Pi* (Cortex Mori Radicis) 1 qian, decocted in water. (Annotation: Yang Fei Tang / Nourishing Lung Decoction.) This prescription specifically represses the Qi of Lung Metal without damaging healthy Qi, thereby nourishing Lung Metal and ensuring natural tranquility. If one were to use purely cold and cooling herbs to descend the fire, it would be inappropriate. Since the Lung is a delicate organ, it responds only to light treatments and not to heavy interventions. Using light, clear, and descending flavors to slightly suppress the fire ensures that Stomach Qi does not rebel, Heart Fire slightly敛 (restrains), and the Lung meridian undergoes gentle refinement, becoming a complete and functional organ. Why then resort to large doses of dispersing herbs?
The flames in the Heart can only be restrained by *Huang Lian* (Radix Coptidis). However, using *Huang Lian* alone is inferior to combining it with herbs that purge Liver Wood; otherwise, although the fire may be temporarily purged, it will quickly rebound. The prescription uses *Huang Lian* 1 qian, *Chai Hu* (Radix Bupleuri) 1 qian, *Bai Shao* (Radix Paeoniae Alba) 3 qian, *Shi Chang Pu* (Rhizoma Acori Tatarinowii) 1 qian, and *Ban Xia* (Rhizoma Pinelliae Preparatum) 1 qian. In this formula, herbs for purging the Liver exceed those for purging the Heart. According to the principle that "when the mother declines, the child naturally weakens" (Liver is the Mother of Heart; thus, weakening Liver Qi weakens Heart Fire), this is an inevitable law. If one does not use herbs to purge Liver Wood but relies solely on *Huang Lian* to purge the Heart, the dry nature of *Huang Lian* may actually stir up Heart Fire. This is why the Heart and Liver must be treated simultaneously.
Excess Qi in the Stomach inevitably transforms into heat over time. People believe they can eat cold food because of excess Stomach Qi; they digest food well due to robust Spleen function; and they fear no cold due to excess Kidney energy. Yet, who realizes that the excess of Stomach Qi stems fundamentally from the insufficiency of Kidney Water? Once exposed to Wind-Cold or Summer-Heat, one either develops Xiao Ke (Wasting-Thirst Syndrome) or becomes paralyzed and disabled. Therefore, one should regularly take large doses of Liu Wei Di Huang Wan (Six-Ingredient Pill with Rehmannia) to naturally calm Stomach Qi, extinguish fire, stabilize the Stomach, and eliminate heat. Ignorant people do not believe this, pride themselves on their strength, refuse to take medicine frequently, and make excuses that they cannot swallow pills, claiming they vomit them up. Disregarding the advice of benevolent physicians, they delay treatment. By the time fire diseases manifest, begging daily for Zhu Ye Shi Gao Tang (Bamboo Leaf and Gypsum Decoction) comes too late. I now establish a decoction formula to address patients who cannot swallow pills. The prescription uses *Xuan Shen* (Radix Scrophulariae) 3 qian, *Shu Di Huang* (Prepared Radix Rehmanniae) 5 qian, *Mai Dong* (Radix Ophiopogonis) 3 qian, *Bei Wu Wei Zi* (Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis) 1 qian, *Shan Zhu Yu* (Fructus Corni) 3 qian, *Shan Yao* (Rhizoma Dioscoreae) 3 qian, *Dan Pi* (Cortex Moutan) 1 qian, and *Tian Hua Fen* (Radix Trichosanthis) 8 fen, decocted in water. This formula is a holy medicine for pacifying Stomach Fire. Its brilliance lies in tonifying the Kidney, Lung, and Liver rather than merely suppressing the Stomach. With the Middle Jiao (Spleen/Stomach) secure, there is no obstruction or depression; qi and blood flow smoothly, moving without hindrance. It prevents upper aggression against Lung Metal, lower invasion of Spleen Earth, and lateral harm to Liver Wood. One formula achieves multiple benefits; why worry about ascending Stomach Fire? Regarding the difficulty of swallowing pills when Stomach Fire is rampant, which laypeople do not understand, I clarify here. Although the Stomach mouth is governed by Stomach Earth, it essentially requires Kidney Water to moisten it from above for pathways to exist and for food transport to proceed without blockage. Now, with rampant Stomach Fire, Kidney Water can only save itself within the Kidney Palace and cannot ascend to moisten the throat and tongue. Moreover, pills are hard substances and difficult to swallow anyway. Thus, refusal to take them is not innate inability but physiological necessity. Consider regurgitation (Fan Wei): food enters and is immediately vomited out—is this not clear proof? Without Kidney Water, even food cannot reach the throat; if forced down, it is vomited back because the Stomach lacks Kidney Water for moisture. Those lacking ascending Kidney Water cannot even get food into the Stomach, let alone those with rampant Stomach Fire and no Kidney Water moisture. No wonder food is difficult to swallow when it reaches the mouth.
For excess Liver Wood, the method of repression must involve harmonization (He Jie). However, if harmonization is used without repression, fire will intensify and Liver Wood will flourish. The prescription uses *Bai Shao* (Radix Paeoniae Alba) 5 qian, *Gan Cao* (Radix Glycyrrhizae) 1 qian, *Chao Zhi Zi* (Fried Fructus Gardeniae) 3 qian, *Dang Gui* (Radix Angelicae Sinensis) 2 qian, *Bai Jie Zi* (Semen Sinapis Alb) 1 qian, *Chai Hu* (Radix Bupleuri) 1 qian, *Jing Jie* (Herba Schizonepetae) 1 qian, and *Ze Xie* (Rhizoma Alismatis) 1 qian, decocted in water. (Annotation: San Feng Tang / Dispersing Wind Decoction.) This formula uses *Chai Hu* and *Jing Jie* to disperse Liver Wood Qi. More ingeniously, it uses *Bai Shao* and *Zhi Zi* to clear Liver Wood Fire. When fire is removed, Liver Wood declines; this is skillful repression.
Master Zhang said: The discussion on Repression Treatment is so thorough and lucid that it constitutes an unalterable classic work, further confirming its validity.
Water in the Kidneys is stable when controlled by Fire; without Fire control, it floods. If one engages in excessive sexual activity, both Water and Fire depart. Over time, Water deficiency leads to Fire deficiency. With nowhere for Water to reside, it necessarily floods upward, forming Phlegm. The treatment method to suppress the downward flooding of Water is to first warm the lower Fire. The approach is to add hot/warming herbs within the context of tonifying Water, so that Water can control Fire, and Fire can generate Water, achieving mutual benefit between Water and Fire. The prescription uses *Shu Di Huang* (Prepared Radix Rehmanniae) 3 liang, *Shan Zhu Yu* (Fructus Corni) 1 liang, *Rou Gui* (Cortex Cinnamomi) 3 qian, *Fu Ling* (Poria) 1 liang, *Bei Wu Wei Zi* (Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis) 1 qian, and *Niu Xi* (Radix Achyranthis Bidentatae) 3 qian, decocted in water. After one dose, Phlegm descends; after two doses, Phlegm disappears completely. *Rou Gui* is the holy medicine for tonifying Fire in the Kidneys. If used solely to warm the Ming Men (Gate of Life), Water can descend. However, if Kidney Palace Water is not supplemented, the Palace remains empty; returning Water has no shelter and cannot survive, leading to continued flooding. Therefore, one must supplement Water to support Fire. The formula uses *Shu Di Huang* and *Shan Zhu Yu*, which are pure Water-tonifying herbs, while *Niu Xi* is an excellent herb for guiding downward. With the warmth of Fire, the nourishment of Water, and the guidance of an escort herb, the system remains tranquil and free from upward flooding.