味辛温。主大风寒湿痹。 节痛。拘挛缓急。破积聚邪气。金创。强筋骨。轻身健行
。一名白幕。生山谷。
朋附称雄。易资独托。盈握尖锥。丰脐络幕。象眼形微。鸡肠勇跃。忌见离群。如蚕僵
箔。
刘禹锡表。实无朋附。李时珍曰。种附子。变出其形。长而不生子。故曰天雄。长而尖
者。
谓之天锥。入药须有象眼者良。其脐乃向上生苗处。杨天惠记。以丰实盈握者胜。释名。幕
络也。淮南子注。取天雄、纳雄鸡肠中捣食之。令人勇。陈承曰。蜀人种附子忌生。此如养
蚕。而或白僵之意。礼。离群而索居。
味辛平。主伤寒寒热。心下坚。下气。喉咽肿痛。头眩胸胀。咳逆肠鸣止汗。一名地
文。一名水玉。生川谷。
候生夏半。水玉明涵。白芍圆上。绿竹隅三。芥消涎滑。姜瀹咀甘。火风寒湿。饼曲详
谙。
李时珍曰。月令五月。半夏生。当夏之半也。水玉以形名。杜甫诗。明涵客衣静。吴普
曰。
白华圆上。苏颂曰。生江南者。花似白芍药。茎端三叶浅绿色。似竹叶。论语。不以三隅反
。雷 论。用白芥子末。浸汤洗去涎滑。陶弘景曰。须用生姜以制其毒。韩维诗。插芳咀甘
不知去。白飞霞曰。治风痰。火痰。湿痰。寒痰。李时珍曰。洗去皮垢。浸七日。或和作饼
。或造为曲。贾岛诗。星名未详谙。
【天雄】
味辛，性温。主治大风寒湿痹证（由风、寒、湿邪侵袭经络肌肉所致的肢体疼痛、麻木、屈伸不利的病证），关节疼痛，筋脉拘挛或弛缓急迫。能破除积聚的邪气，治疗金创（金属利器造成的创伤）。强壮筋骨，使身体轻健，行动敏捷。又名白幕。生长于山谷之中。
依附同类而称为“雄”，容易凭借独自依托而生长。形状如盈握之手的尖锥，肚脐丰满，脉络如幕布覆盖。眼形微似象眼，色泽勇跃如鸡肠。忌讳离开群体，如同蚕在箔上僵死一样孤立无援。
刘禹锡曾作表文论述，实际上并无同伴依附。李时珍说：种植附子后，变异出这种形态，长得长却不生子实，所以叫“天雄”。长得细长且尖端明显的，叫做“天锥”。入药必须选用有“象眼”特征的才优良。其肚脐部位是向上生长苗茎的地方。杨天惠记载，以果实丰满、手握盈满者为上品。《释名》解释：“幕”即络幕之意。《淮南子注》记载：取天雄，塞入雄鸡肠中捣碎食用，能使人勇敢。陈承说：蜀地人种植附子忌讳单独生长，这就像养蚕，有的会变成白僵蚕的意思。《礼记》云：“离群而索居”（离开群体独自居住）。
【半夏】
味辛，性平。主治伤寒引起的寒热往来，心下痞坚（胃脘部坚硬感），降逆气，喉咽肿痛，头晕目眩，胸胁胀满，咳嗽气逆，肠鸣，止汗。又名地文，又名水玉。生长于河川山谷之中。
候至夏半时节生长，如水玉般清澈涵映。白花圆润在上，绿竹角落三叶。芥子能消除痰涎滑腻，生姜煮制后咀嚼甘甜。对于风、寒、湿邪，以及饼、曲等发酵食品的性质需详细通晓。
李时珍说：《月令》记载五月半夏生，正当夏季的一半。“水玉”是根据其形状命名的。杜甫诗句：“明涵客衣静”。吴普说：白花圆润在上。苏颂说：生长在江南地区的，花像白芍药，茎端有三片浅绿色的叶子，像竹叶。《论语》云：“不以三隅反”（不能举一反三）。雷敩《雷公炮炙论》说：用白芥子末，浸泡汤水洗去其痰涎滑腻之性。陶弘景说：必须使用生姜来制约其毒性。韩维诗句：“插芳咀甘不知去”。白飞霞说：治疗风痰、火痰、湿痰、寒痰。李时珍说：洗去表皮污垢，浸泡七天，或者和面做成饼，或者制成曲。贾岛诗句：“星名未详谙”（对星宿名称不熟悉）。
[Tianxiong]
Pungent in flavor, warm in nature. It primarily treats severe wind-cold-dampness Bi syndrome (a condition characterized by pain, numbness, and limited mobility of the limbs due to invasion of wind, cold, and damp pathogens), joint pain, tendon spasms or flaccidity with urgency. It breaks up accumulations of pathogenic factors and treats metallic wounds (trauma caused by sharp metal instruments). It strengthens sinews and bones, lightens the body, and enhances agility. Also known as Baimu. Grows in mountain valleys.
It attaches to similar entities to be called "Xiong" (Male), easily relying on solitary support for growth. Its shape resembles a pointed cone that can be held in one hand; its navel is plump, with meridians covering like a curtain. The eye-like mark is slightly resembling an elephant's eye, and its color is vigorous like a rooster's intestine. It must not be separated from its group, akin to a silkworm stiffening on a reed mat when isolated.
Liu Yuxi wrote a memorial discussing this, noting that in reality, there are no companions attached. Li Shizhen stated: When planting Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata), it mutates into this form. It grows long but does not produce offspring, hence named "Tianxiong" (Heavenly Male). Those that grow long and pointed are called "Tianzhui" (Heavenly Cone). For medicinal use, those with the "elephant eye" characteristic are superior. Its navel is the place where the sprout grows upward. Yang Tianhui recorded that specimens which are plump and fill the hand are the best. *Shiming* explains: "Mu" refers to the network curtain. *Huainanzi Commentary* records: Take Tianxiong, insert it into a male rooster's intestine, pound it, and eat it to make people courageous. Chen Cheng said: People in Shu who plant Fuzi avoid letting them grow alone; this is like raising silkworms, where some become white stiff silkworms. The *Book of Rites* states: "Leaving the group to live in solitude."
[Banxia]
Pungent in flavor, neutral in nature. It primarily treats chills and fever associated with Shanghan (Cold Damage), hardness below the heart (epigastric fullness and hardness), directs rebellious Qi downward, relieves sore throat and swelling, dizziness, chest distension, coughing with reverse flow of Qi, borborygmus, and stops sweating. Also known as Diwen, also known as Shuiyu. Grows in river valleys.
It emerges during the mid-summer period, clear and reflective like water jade. White flowers are round at the top; green bamboo corners have three leaves. Mustard seeds eliminate phlegm and slipperiness; ginger, when boiled and chewed, tastes sweet. One must be thoroughly familiar with wind, cold, dampness, and the properties of cakes and fermented dough.
Li Shizhen stated: The *Monthly Ordinances* record that Banxia grows in the fifth month, right in the middle of summer. "Shuiyu" is named after its shape. Du Fu's poem says: "Clear reflection stills the traveler's clothes." Wu Pu said: White flowers are round at the top. Su Song said: Those growing in Jiangnan have flowers resembling white Peony roots, with three pale green leaves at the tip of the stem, resembling bamboo leaves. The *Analects* states: "If one corner is not reflected, do not repeat it" (cannot infer other cases from one instance). Lei Xiao's *Lei Gong Pao Zhi Lun* states: Use white mustard seed powder, soak in decoction to wash away its phlegm and slipperiness. Tao Hongjing said: Ginger must be used to counteract its toxicity. Han Wei's poem says: "Inserting fragrance, chewing sweetness, unaware of departure." Bai Feixia said: It treats wind-phlegm, fire-phlegm, damp-phlegm, and cold-phlegm. Li Shizhen said: Wash off the skin dirt, soak for seven days, or mix with flour to make cakes, or process into fermented dough. Jia Dao's poem says: "Unfamiliar with the names of stars."