味辛平。主腰脊痛。补中益精气。坚筋骨。强志。除阴下痒湿。小便余沥。久服轻身
耐老。一名思仙。生山谷。
杜父仙去。嘉荫翘思。紫封巨植。白折轻丝。足知为屦。牙效烹葵。形兼榆柘。酥蜜相
宜。
李时珍曰。昔有杜仲。服此得道。因以名之。晋书传。杜预众庶赖之。号曰杜父。苏轼
诗。
幽人得嘉荫。曹植诗。翘思远退人。令狐楚诗。犹识紫泥封。苏轼诗。不尽长林与巨植。群
芳谱。皮色紫而润。陶弘景曰。折之多白丝者佳。孟子。不知足而为屦。苏颂曰。木可为履
。益脚。初生嫩叶。可食。谓之 牙。叶亦类柘。诗。七月烹葵及菽。尔雅。杜仲曼榆也。
雷论。凡使用酥蜜和涂。
味苦平。主补中。安五脏。养精神。除百疾。久服肥健。轻身不老。生山谷。贞固称名。
冻青类族。德育阴精。质
森刚木。蜡放花凝。鹆来果熟。珠贯累累。牛李同馥。易。贞固足以干事。又其称名也。杂
而不越。李时珍曰。冻青女
贞别种。易。君子以类族。辨物典术。女贞木者。少阴之精。说文。桢刚木也。李时珍曰。
近时以放蜡虫。呼为蜡树。
芳谱。凡采蜡树上如凝霜。谓之蜡花。李时珍曰。女贞实。 鹆喜食之。累累满树。黑似牛
李子。
味苦寒。主身大热在皮肤中。去面热赤 。酒 。恶风 疾。阴下痒湿。明耳目。一
名林兰。生山谷。
利通舟楫。分剂刀圭。兰如同臭。莲不污泥冰坚雪白。鹤唳猿啼。花身依旧。惭愧 黎。
述异记。浔阳七里洲。有鲁班刻木兰舟。庾信诗。量药用刀圭。李时珍曰。其香如兰。其花
如莲。易。同心之言。其臭如兰。周敦颐说。出污泥而不染。成公绥赋。峨峨坚冰。霏霏白
雪。李华赋。鹤既唳兮猿复啼。陆龟蒙诗。几度木兰舟上望。不知原是此花身。王播诗。惭
愧黎饭后钟。
【杜仲】
味辛，性平。主治腰脊疼痛。补益中气，增益精气。使筋骨坚固。增强意志。消除阴部瘙痒潮湿及小便淋漓不尽的症状。长期服用可使身体轻盈，延缓衰老。又名思仙。生长于山谷之中。
杜父仙人离去，留下嘉美的树荫引人翘首思念。树皮紫色包裹着巨大的植株，折断后露出白色的细丝。足以知道它可用于制作鞋履，嫩芽（牙）效用于烹饪葵菜。其形态兼具榆树和柘树的特点，与酥油、蜂蜜搭配适宜。
李时珍说：从前有姓杜的人，服用此药得道成仙，因此以此命名。《晋书》记载，杜预被百姓依赖，号称“杜父”。苏轼的诗写道：“幽人得嘉荫。”曹植的诗写道：“翘思远退人。”令狐楚的诗写道：“犹识紫泥封。”苏轼的诗写道：“不尽长林与巨植。”《群芳谱》记载，树皮颜色紫润。陶弘景说：折断后白色丝多者为佳。《孟子》说：“不知足而为屦。”苏颂说：木材可用来做鞋，有益脚部。初生的嫩叶可以食用，称为“牙”。叶子也类似柘树叶。《诗经》说：“七月烹葵及菽。”《尔雅》说：杜仲就是曼榆。雷敩的论述中提到：凡使用酥蜜调和涂抹。
【女贞实】
味苦，性平。主治补益中气。安定五脏。滋养精神。去除各种疾病。长期服用使人肥胖健壮，身体轻盈，不显衰老。生长于山谷之中。
以坚贞稳固著称其名。像冻青树一样属于同类族群。德育在于滋养阴精。质地如刚硬的树木，开花时如同蜡质凝结。鹆鸟飞来果实成熟，像珍珠串联般累累挂满枝头。牛李两种果实香气相同。《易经》说：“贞固足以干事。”这也是它的名称由来。杂乱而不逾越规范。李时珍说：冻青和女贞是不同种类。《易经》说：“君子以类族辨物。”女贞木是少阴之精。《说文解字》说：桢是刚硬的木头。李时珍说：近代有人将产蜡虫的树称为蜡树。《芳谱》记载：凡是采集蜡树上的霜状物，称为蜡花。李时珍说：女贞子，鹆鸟喜欢食用，累累满树，黑得像牛李子。
【木兰】
味苦，性寒。主治皮肤内部的大热。去除面部发热发红、酒渣鼻、恶风引起的疾病。使耳目明亮。又名林兰。生长于山谷之中。
利通舟楫，分剂刀圭。兰花具有相同的臭味。莲花不染污泥，冰坚雪白。鹤鸣猿啼，花朵身躯依旧。惭愧黎饭后钟。
《述异记》记载：浔阳七里洲，有鲁班雕刻的木兰舟。庾信的诗写道：“量药用刀圭。”李时珍说：它的香气像兰花，它的花像莲花。《易经》说：“同心之言，其臭如兰。”周敦颐的观点：出淤泥而不染。成公绥的赋写道：“峨峨坚冰，霏霏白雪。”李华的赋写道：“鹤既唳兮猿复啼。”陆龟蒙的诗写道：“几度木兰舟上望，不知原是此花身。”王播的诗写道：“惭愧黎饭后钟。”
[Eucommia Bark]
Pungent in flavor, neutral in nature. Primarily treats pain in the lower back and spine. Tonifies the Middle Jiao (Middle Burner), benefits Essence and Qi. Strengthens sinews and bones. Fortifies the will. Eliminates itching and dampness in the genital region, and dribbling of urine. Long-term consumption makes the body feel light and delays aging. Also known as Sixian (Thought Immortal). Grows in mountain valleys.
The Father Du immortal departed, leaving beautiful shade that invites longing thoughts. The bark is purple, enveloping the massive plant; when broken, it reveals white, fine fibers. It is evident that it can be used to make shoes; its young shoots are effective for cooking okra. Its form combines features of elm and mulberry, suitable for pairing with butter and honey.
Li Shizhen stated: In ancient times, a man surnamed Du attained the Dao by consuming this herb, hence its name. The *Book of Jin* records that Du Yu was relied upon by the common people, earning the title "Father Du." Su Shi's poem reads: "The secluded person finds beautiful shade." Cao Zhi's poem reads: "Looking up in thought towards those who have retired far away." Linghu Chu's poem reads: "Still recognizing the seal of purple mud." Su Shi's poem reads: "Endless long forests and giant plants." *Qunfang Pu* (Compendium of Flowers) records that the bark color is purple and lustrous. Tao Hongjing said: Those with more white fibers when broken are superior. *Mencius* states: "Not knowing how to make feet, yet making shoes." Su Song said: The wood can be made into footwear, benefiting the feet. The newly sprouted tender leaves are edible, called "Ya" (teeth/shoots). The leaves also resemble those of the mulberry tree. The *Classic of Poetry* states: "In the seventh month, cook okra and beans." *Erya* states: Eucommia is Man Yu. Lei Xiao's treatise mentions: When used, mix with butter and honey for external application.
[Fructus Ligustri Lucidi]
Bitter in flavor, neutral in nature. Primarily tonifies the Middle Jiao. Calms the Five Viscera. Nourishes the Spirit. Eliminates myriad diseases. Long-term consumption leads to robust health, a light body, and delayed aging. Grows in mountain valleys.
Known for its firmness and integrity. Belonging to the same family as Dongqing (Ligustrum lucidum var. glabrum). Moral cultivation lies in nourishing Yin and Essence. Its substance is like rigid wood; when flowering, it appears as if wax has condensed. Thrushes arrive when the fruit ripens, hanging in clusters like strings of pearls. The fruits of Ox Plum and Chinese Plum share a similar fragrance. The *I Ching* (Book of Changes) states: "Firmness and integrity are sufficient to accomplish affairs." This also explains its name. Diverse yet orderly. Li Shizhen stated: Dongqing and Nüzhen are different species. The *I Ching* states: "The gentleman classifies groups and distinguishes things." Fructus Ligustri Lucidi is the essence of Shaoyin (Lesser Yin). *Shuowen Jiezi* states: Zhen refers to rigid wood. Li Shizhen stated: In recent times, trees producing scale insects for wax are called Wax Trees. *Fangpu* records: Any frost-like substance collected from these trees is called Wax Flower. Li Shizhen stated: Fructus Ligustri Lucidi is favored by thrushes, hanging heavily on trees, black like Ox Plums.
[Magnolia Flower]
Bitter in flavor, cold in nature. Primarily treats severe heat within the skin. Removes facial heat and redness, rhinophyma (wine nose), and diseases caused by aversion to wind. Brightens the eyes and ears. Also known as Linlan. Grows in mountain valleys.
Facilitates navigation; measured with a knife-edge scoop. Orchids share a similar scent. Lotus remains unstained by mud; ice is firm, snow is white. Cranes cry, apes call; the flower's form remains unchanged. Ashamed of the Li Temple's post-meal bell.
*Shuyi Ji* (Records of Strange Tales) records: At Xunyang Qili Shoal, there is a Magnolia boat carved by Lu Ban. Yu Xin's poem reads: "Measuring medicine with a knife-edge scoop." Li Shizhen stated: Its fragrance resembles orchids, and its flowers resemble lotuses. The *I Ching* states: "Words of hearts in agreement have the scent of orchids." Zhou Dunyi's philosophy: Emerge from the mud without being stained. Cheng Gong Sui's rhapsody reads: "Towering firm ice, fluttering white snow." Li Hua's rhapsody reads: "When cranes cry and apes call again." Lu Guimeng's poem reads: "How many times I looked from the Magnolia boat, unaware it was the body of this flower." Wang Bo's poem reads: "Ashamed of the Li Temple's post-meal bell."